Sodium cromoglicate
Sodium cromoglicate (also known as cromolyn sodium) is a **mast cell stabilizer** used primarily for the management of **allergic conjunctivitis** and **allergic rhinitis**. Its action is localized to the site of application, making it effective for topical use in the eyes and respiratory tract. > **Clinical Pearl:** It is most effective when used prophylactically before exposure to known allergens, as it prevents degranulation rather than reversing the effects of already released histamine.
Mechanism: Sodium cromoglicate works by **stabilizing mast cell membranes**. It inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators (such as **histamine** and **leukotrienes**) from sensitized mast cells by preventing calcium influx across the cell membrane. Allergen exposure → Mast cell activation blocked → **Prevention of degranulation** → Decreased allergic inflammation.
Dosing by species
- Allergic reactions (conjunctivitis/rhinitis) · 1-2 drops in eye or nose · Topical · q6h
- Allergic reactions (conjunctivitis/rhinitis) · 1-2 drops in eye or nose · Topical · q6h
Doses are a clinical reference for licensed veterinary professionals. Always confirm against the current label and the individual patient.
Routes of administration
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cromoglicate
Adverse effects
- Local irritation
- Transient stinging or burning upon application
Monitoring
- Resolution of allergic clinical signs (e.g., reduced ocular discharge, conjunctival hyperemia, or sneezing)
Overdose
Due to poor systemic absorption, systemic toxicity from topical or oral overdose is highly unlikely. Overdose may result in increased local irritation.
VetSheet drug reference is intended for licensed veterinary professionals as a clinical decision-support aid, not a substitute for professional judgement or the manufacturer’s current label.