Tetanus antitoxin
Tetanus antitoxin is an antiserum used as a **preventive measure** in animals at risk of developing tetanus from wounds, and in the early stages of clinical tetanus. > **Clinical Pearl:** It is most effective when used immediately as clinical signs appear or when severe wound contamination makes progression likely. It is **less effective in established cases** because it cannot displace toxin already bound to neural receptors. Routine prophylaxis is not warranted in dogs and cats due to their very low natural risk of tetanus.
Mechanism: Antibodies in the antiserum bind directly to **tetanus toxin** (tetanospasmin) in the systemic circulation. → Neutralizes free toxin before it can enter the nervous system. → **Cannot** displace or neutralize toxin that has already bound to neural receptors.
Routes of administration
Contraindications
- Cats (due to inability to metabolize phenol preservative)
Adverse effects
- Anaphylactoid reactions
- Hypersensitivity reactions (especially with repeated doses)
Monitoring
- Signs of anaphylaxis (respiratory distress, hypotension, collapse) immediately post-administration
- Progression or resolution of tetanus clinical signs
Overdose
No specific information available. Repeated or excessive doses increase the risk of hypersensitivity and anaphylactoid reactions.
VetSheet drug reference is intended for licensed veterinary professionals as a clinical decision-support aid, not a substitute for professional judgement or the manufacturer’s current label.