Benazepril
Benazepril HCl
También conocido como: Fortekor · Lotensin · Benace · Boncordin · Briem · Cibacene · Labopal · Lotrel · Tensanil · Zinadril · Cardalis · Nelio · Benefortin · Benazecare · CGS-14824A · benazepril hydrochloride · Benazeprilum
Revisado por el equipo veterinario de VetSheetActualizado 5 abr 2026Referencia veterinaria basada en la evidencia
Evidencia de dosis v13 auditada
Evidencia estructurada para el cálculoAdjunctive treatment of hypertrophic heart failure (extralabel)
- q12-24h
NA
Contexto clínico obligatorio (2)
- ■ This medicine may be given with or without food. It is usually well tolerated but vomiting and diarrhea can occur. Give with food if vomiting or lack of appetite becomes a problem.
- Benazepril tablets (and combination products) should be stored at temperatures less than 30°C (86°F) and protected from moisture.
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Resumen
El benazepril es un inhibidor de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (IECA) ampliamente utilizado en medicina veterinaria para el manejo de la insuficiencia cardíaca, la hipertensión sistémica, la insuficiencia renal crónica y las glomerulopatías con pérdida de proteínas en perros y gatos.
Perlas clínicas:
- A diferencia del enalapril, que se elimina casi exclusivamente por vía renal, el metabolito activo del benazepril (benazeprilat) se elimina a través de vías tanto hepática (55%) como renal (45%) en perros. Esta vía de excreción dual lo convierte en el IECA preferido en pacientes con insuficiencia renal concurrente.
- Es particularmente beneficioso para reducir la hipertensión intraglomerular, disminuyendo así la proteinuria en la enfermedad renal crónica.
- Debido a que carece de un grupo sulfhidrilo (a diferencia del captopril), tiene una menor tendencia a causar reacciones adversas mediadas por el sistema inmunitario.
Mecanismo de acción
Benazepril is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed in the liver to its active metabolite, benazeprilat. It competitively inhibits Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE).
- Pathway: Angiotensin I → (blocked by ACE) → Angiotensin II
- Hemodynamic Effects: By preventing the formation of Angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor), benazepril promotes vasodilation, reducing both preload and afterload in heart failure patients.
- Renal Effects: It dilates the efferent arterioles of the glomerulus more than the afferent arterioles, reducing intraglomerular capillary pressure and subsequently decreasing proteinuria.
- Endocrine Effects: Decreased Angiotensin II leads to reduced secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex, minimizing sodium and water retention.
Seguridad y advertencias
Contraindicaciones
- Known hypersensitivity to ACE inhibitors
Efectos adversos
- Anorexia
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Hypotension
- Renal dysfunction (worsening azotemia)
- Hyperkalemia
Precauciones
Important Warnings:
- Use with caution in patients with hyponatremia or sodium depletion, coronary or cerebrovascular insufficiency, preexisting hematologic abnormalities, or collagen vascular diseases (e.g., SLE).
- Patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF) should be monitored very closely upon initiation of therapy due to the risk of profound hypotension.
- ACE inhibitors can potentially worsen preexisting azotemia. It is recommended to use a lower starting dose and closely monitor BUN and creatinine.
- Pregnancy: Mildly fetotoxic at high dosages. Use during pregnancy only when potential benefits outweigh the risks to the offspring (FDA Category C in first trimester, Category D in second/third trimesters).
Interacciones farmacológicas
May potentially negate the decrease in systemic vascular resistance induced by ACE inhibitors (though low-dose aspirin may not significantly affect hemodynamics).
Possible increased risk for hypoglycemia; enhanced monitoring recommended.
Potential for increased hypotensive effects. Reducing furosemide doses by 25-50% is often recommended when initiating ACE inhibitors for heart failure.
Increased risk of hyperkalemia; enhanced monitoring of serum potassium is required.
Possible increased serum lithium levels; increased monitoring required.
Increased risk for hyperkalemia.
Potential for hyperkalemia due to additive potassium-sparing effects, though concurrent use is generally safe in practice.
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and decreased clinical efficacy of benazepril.
Increased risk of hypotension and prerenal azotemia.
Additive hypotensive effects.
Increased risk of hypotension due to negative inotropic effects.
Monitorización
- Clinical signs of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
- Serum electrolytes (especially potassium)
- Renal panel (Creatinine, BUN)
- Urine protein (UPC ratio)
- Blood pressure (especially if treating hypertension or if signs of hypotension arise)
Farmacocinética
Vida media
Absorción
Rapidly absorbed after oral dosing in healthy dogs. In humans, food apparently does not affect the extent of absorption.
Distribución
Crosses the placenta and is distributed into milk in very small amounts. Highly bound to serum proteins (~95% in humans).
Metabolismo
Hydrolyzed in the liver to the active metabolite, benazeprilat.
Eliminación
In dogs, benazeprilat is cleared via both renal (45%) and hepatic (55%) routes. Mild to moderate renal dysfunction does not significantly alter elimination as biliary clearance compensates.
Sobredosis
In overdose situations, the primary concern is hypotension.
- Treatment: Supportive treatment with volume expansion using normal saline is recommended to correct blood pressure.
- Monitoring: Because of the drug's long duration of action, prolonged monitoring and treatment may be required.
- Decontamination: Recent massive overdoses should be managed using standard gut-emptying protocols (emesis, activated charcoal) as appropriate.
Productos disponibles
Formulaciones
- Oral tablets
Veterinario
- Benazepril Tablets: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, & 20 mg (Fortekor® - UK/POM-V)
Etiquetado para humanos
- Benazepril HCl Oral Tablets: 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, & 40 mg (Lotensin®, generic)
- Fixed dose combination with amlodipine (Lotrel®)
- Fixed dose combination with hydrochlorothiazide (Lotensin HCT®)
Estado regulador
POM-V classification.
POM-V classification.
Sin datos reguladores para: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
Almacenamiento y estabilidad
Store tablets at temperatures less than 86°F (30°C) and protect from moisture. Dispense in tight containers.
Información para el cliente
- No suspenda el tratamiento bruscamente: No suspenda ni reduzca la terapia sin la aprobación de su veterinario.
- Monitoreo de efectos secundarios: Comuníquese con su veterinario de inmediato si los vómitos o la diarrea persisten o son graves, o si la condición de su animal empeora (por ejemplo, letargo, debilidad, desmayos).
- Administración: Puede administrarse con o sin alimentos. Asegúrese de que su mascota siempre tenga acceso a agua fresca.
- Seguimiento: Las visitas veterinarias regulares son cruciales para monitorear la presión arterial y la función renal de su mascota mientras recibe este medicamento.
La referencia de medicamentos de VetSheet está destinada a profesionales veterinarios autorizados como ayuda para la toma de decisiones clínicas, no como sustituto del criterio profesional ni del prospecto actual del fabricante.