Cabergolina
Cabergoline
1-[(6-allylergolin-8β-yl)carbonyl]-1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylurea
También conocido como: Dostinex · Galastop · Cabasar · Actualene · Sostilar · Kelactin · FCE-21336 · cabergolina · Cabergolinum
Revisado por el equipo veterinario de VetSheetActualizado 5 abr 2026Referencia veterinaria basada en la evidencia
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Dosis por especie
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
Perros
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estrus induction | 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily induces fertile proestrus in 4-25 days. | PO | q24h | 4-25 days | 🌎 NA |
| Estrus induction | 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily until an induced proestrus is pronounced for 2 days or until onset of estrus | PO | q24h | Until proestrus is pronounced for 2 days or onset of estrus | 🌎 NA |
| Estrus induction | 0.6 micrograms/kg PO once daily. Make a 10 micrograms per mL solution by dissolving commercial tablets in warm distilled water (One 0.5 mg tablet (500 micrograms) per 50 mL of distilled water.) Give the appropriate dose for the patient within 15 minutes of preparation and discard the remaining solution. Continue until day 2 after the onset of the first signs of proestrus, or until day 42 without signs of proestrus. | PO | q24h | Until day 2 after onset of proestrus, or up to 42 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pseudocyesis (pseudopregnancy) | 5 micrograms/kg once a day PO for 5-10 days. | PO | q24h | 5-10 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pseudocyesis | 5 micrograms/kg once a day or every other day SC | SC | q24h or q48h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Pseudocyesis | 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily for 4-5 days; occasional failures can be handled by repeating treatment and extending duration to 8-10 days. | PO | q24h | 4-5 days (up to 8-10 days) | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of mastitis after puppies weaned | 5 micrograms/kg PO daily. | PO | q24h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Pre-treat mammary tumors prior to surgery (during diestrous period) | 5 micrograms/kg PO 5-7 days before surgery. | PO | q24h | 5-7 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pregnancy termination | Administer after day 40: 5 micrograms/kg PO for 5 days | PO | q24h | 5 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pregnancy termination | Between days 35-45: Cabergoline 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily for 7 days in food and cloprostenol at 1 microgram/kg SC (after a tenfold dilution with physiologic saline) on days 1 and 3 given at least 8 hours after food. If pregnancy not terminated by day 8, cabergoline continued (at same dose) until day 12. | PO | q24h | 7-12 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's Disease) | 0.1 mg/kg PO every 3 days. | PO | q72h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Pseudopregnancy / Suppression of lactation | 5 μg/kg | PO | sid | 4-6 days | 🌍 EU |
| Estrus induction | 5 μg/kg | PO | sid | Until proestrus begins (up to 40 days) | 🌍 EU |
- Estrus induction: 81% (22 of 27) of dogs treated at this low dose showed proestrus between days 4 and 48.
- Pseudocyesis: Likely needs to be compounded.
- Pseudocyesis: Additional protocols for treatment failures include combining cabergoline with metergoline (500 micrograms/kg PO twice daily), or cabergoline with bromocriptine (10-30 micrograms/kg PO twice daily).
- Pregnancy termination: Approximately 50% effective.
- Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's Disease): Effective in 70% of dogs treated. Dogs with tumor sizes greater than 5 mm did not respond.
- Pseudopregnancy / Suppression of lactation: Administer directly into the mouth or mixed with food.
- Estrus induction: Off-label use.
Gatos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy termination | At 30 days post-coitus, cabergoline at 5 micrograms/kg PO q24h and cloprostenol 5 micrograms/kg SC q48h in 7-13 days was used to induce abortion. | PO | q24h | 7-13 days | 🌎 NA |
| Reduce prolactin production in queens | 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Pre-treat mammary tumors prior to surgery (during diestrous period) | 5 micrograms/kg PO 5-7 days before surgery. | PO | q24h | 5-7 days | 🌎 NA |
| Suppression of lactation / Pseudopregnancy | 5 μg/kg | PO | sid | 4-6 days | 🌍 EU |
- Suppression of lactation / Pseudopregnancy: Off-label in some regions, but widely used.
Aves
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Persistent egg laying in psittacines (in combination with removal of males, altered light cycle) | Initially 10-20 micrograms/kg PO daily; higher dosages were also used. | PO | q24h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
- Persistent egg laying in psittacines (in combination with removal of males, altered light cycle): Further work needed to determine the exact dose rate.
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Resumen
Cabergolina es un derivado sintético del cornezuelo de centeno utilizado principalmente en medicina veterinaria por sus potentes efectos reductores de la prolactina.
- Indicaciones principales: Tratamiento de la pseudogestación (falso embarazo), inducción/sincronización del estro, interrupción de la gestación y manejo de la mastitis en perros y gatos.
- Ventajas clínicas: En comparación con agonistas de la dopamina más antiguos como la bromocriptina, la cabergolina es mucho mejor tolerada, posee una mayor especificidad por el receptor, una mayor duración de acción y una incidencia significativamente menor de vómitos.
- Usos fuera de etiqueta: Ha demostrado cierta eficacia en el tratamiento del hiperadrenocorticismo dependiente de la hipófisis (enfermedad de Cushing) en perros y en la puesta de huevos persistente en psitácidas.
- Consideración de costos: Puede ser costosa para perros grandes, pero existen tabletas genéricas disponibles. A menudo requiere formulación magistral por parte de un farmacéutico para una dosificación veterinaria precisa.
Mecanismo de acción
Cabergoline is a highly specific, long-acting dopamine D2 receptor agonist.
- Mechanism: It binds with high affinity to D2 receptors on lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
- Pathway: D2 receptor activation → inhibition of adenylyl cyclase → decreased intracellular cAMP → direct suppression of prolactin synthesis and secretion.
- Reproductive Impact: Because prolactin is luteotropic in dogs and cats (it maintains the corpus luteum during the second half of pregnancy), suppressing prolactin leads to a drop in progesterone. This mechanism is responsible for its ability to terminate pregnancy, resolve pseudopregnancy, and induce estrus.
Seguridad y advertencias
Contraindicaciones
- Pregnancy (unless abortion is desired)
- Hypersensitivity to ergot derivatives
- Uncontrolled hypertension (in humans)
- Nursing mothers
Efectos adversos
- Vomiting (infrequent, alleviated by food)
- Coat color changes (in dogs treated >14 days)
- Postural hypotension (reported in humans)
- Dizziness (reported in humans)
- Headache (reported in humans)
- Nausea (reported in humans)
Precauciones
Warning: Will cause spontaneous abortion in pregnant animals. Do not use unless pregnancy termination is the specific goal.
- Hepatic Impairment: Patients with significantly impaired liver function should receive the drug with caution, and possibly at a lower dosage.
- Estrus Induction: When using to induce estrus, it is recommended to wait at least 4 months after the prior cycle to allow the uterus to recover.
- Nursing: Because cabergoline suppresses prolactin, it should not be used in nursing mothers.
Interacciones farmacológicas
Concomitant use may cause additive hypotension due to cabergoline's hypotensive effects.
Use with cabergoline may reduce the efficacy of both drugs and should be avoided.
Use of cabergoline with dopamine (D2) antagonists may reduce the efficacy of both drugs and should be avoided.
Antagonizes the therapeutic effect of cabergoline
May antagonize cabergoline effects due to dopamine receptor blockade
Additive hypotensive effects
Monitorización
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of pseudopregnancy, estrus induction, etc.)
- Adverse effects (vomiting, behavioral changes)
Farmacocinética
Vida media
Absorción
Absorbed after oral dosing but absolute bioavailability is not known. Food does not appear to significantly alter absorption.
Distribución
Moderately bound to plasma proteins (≈50%).
Metabolismo
Extensively metabolized in the liver via hydrolysis.
Eliminación
Metabolites and about 4% of unchanged drug are excreted into the urine. Renal dysfunction does not appear to significantly alter elimination characteristics.
Sobredosis
Overdose information is not available for dogs or cats, and remains very limited for humans.
- Potential Signs: It is postulated that cabergoline overdoses could cause severe hypotension, nasal congestion, syncope, or hallucinations.
- Treatment: Treatment is basically supportive and primarily focuses on supporting cardiovascular function and blood pressure.
Productos disponibles
Formulaciones
- Oral tablets
- Oral liquid
- Injection
Veterinario
- Galastop® 50 micrograms/mL oral liquid (miglyol base) (Europe)
- Galastop® Injectable (available in some countries)
Etiquetado para humanos
- Cabergoline Oral Tablets: 0.5 mg (500 micrograms) (generic, Rx)
- Dostinex®
Estado regulador
Approved for treatment of false pregnancy in bitches.
POM-V classification.
Sin datos reguladores para: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
Almacenamiento y estabilidad
Commercially available tablets should be stored at controlled room temperature (20°-25°C; 68°-77°F). The veterinary oral liquid product Galastop® should be stored below 25°C and protected from light. Do not refrigerate. Once opened, it should be used within 28 days. Cabergoline is unstable in aqueous suspensions; if compounded into a liquid not for immediate use, it should be in a lipid-based product. Fresh aqueous solutions for immediate use are stable.
Información para el cliente
- Propósito: Su veterinario ha recetado cabergolina para tratar un falso embarazo, inducir un ciclo de celo o manejar otras condiciones reproductivas.
- Administración: Administre este medicamento con comida para reducir la posibilidad de malestar estomacal.
- Efectos secundarios: Por lo general es bien tolerada, pero pueden ocurrir vómitos leves. Si los vómitos son graves o persisten, comuníquese con su veterinario.
- Advertencia: No administrar a mascotas gestantes a menos que su veterinario lo haya recetado específicamente para interrumpir un embarazo, ya que provocará un aborto. No administrar a mascotas en periodo de lactancia.
- Nota: Si su perro recibe este medicamento durante más de 14 días, es posible que note un cambio temporal en el color de su pelaje.
La referencia de medicamentos de VetSheet está destinada a profesionales veterinarios autorizados como ayuda para la toma de decisiones clínicas, no como sustituto del criterio profesional ni del prospecto actual del fabricante.