Cloprostenol sódico
Cloprostenol Sodium
Cloprostenol sodium
También conocido como: Estrumate · estroPLAN · ICI-80996
Revisado por el equipo veterinario de VetSheetActualizado 5 abr 2026Referencia veterinaria basada en la evidencia
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Dosis por especie
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
Perros
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunctive treatment of open cervix pyometra | 1-5 micrograms/kg (0.001-0.005 mg/kg) | Not specified | once per day | Up to 2-3 weeks | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of open cervix pyometra | 1 microgram/kg | SC | every 5 days | for 15 days (if not cured earlier) | 🌎 NA |
| Pregnancy termination | 1-2.5 micrograms/kg | SC | once daily | for 4-7 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pregnancy termination | 1-2.5 micrograms/kg | SC | every 48 hours | for three doses | 🌎 NA |
- Adjunctive treatment of open cervix pyometra: When starting treatment, start with one-half the normal dosage and gradually achieve the full dose within 2-3 days.
- Adjunctive treatment of open cervix pyometra: Give not during feeding. Use with aglepristone at 10 mg/kg SC every 5 days until cured. Give Clavamox (12.5 mg/kg PO twice daily) and supportive hydration throughout protocol.
- Pregnancy termination: Successful in terminating pregnancy in dogs after 30 days gestation.
- Pregnancy termination: At higher dose (2.5 mg/kg); appears very effective starting at 30 days of pregnancy. Anticholinergic drug administration (e.g., atropine) 15 minutes prior to dosing appears to lessen adverse effects.
Caballos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To cause abortion prior to the twelfth day of gestation | 100 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For luteolysis and to stimulate uterine contractions | 250 micrograms (total dose) | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For luteolysis | 25-250 micrograms (0.1-1 mL) | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| As an ecbolic | 250 micrograms (1 mL) | IM | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- To cause abortion prior to the twelfth day of gestation: Most effective day 7 or 8 post estrus. Mare will usually return to estrus within 5 days.
- For luteolysis and to stimulate uterine contractions: Research has shown that 1/10th of a dose can still cause luteolysis and if given on once or on two consecutive days can avoid side effects.
- For luteolysis: Should not be used more than one day after ovulation because it can damage the corpus luteum and reduce progesterone.
Ganado
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For treatment of pyometra | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For pyometra or chronic endometritis, mummified fetus, luteal cysts | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For unobserved or undetected estrus in cows with continued ovarian cyclicity and a mature corpus luteum | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For abortion, from one week after mating to approximately the 150th day of gestation | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For controlled breeding (Single injection method) | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For controlled breeding (Double injection method) | 500 micrograms | IM | Repeat dose 11 days later | — | 🌎 NA |
- For treatment of pyometra: Up to 97% efficacy.
- For pyometra or chronic endometritis, mummified fetus, luteal cysts: Manual assistance may be required to remove mummified fetus from vagina.
- For unobserved or undetected estrus in cows with continued ovarian cyclicity and a mature corpus luteum: Estrus should commence in 2-5 days at which time the animal may be inseminated. If estrus detection is not possible, inseminate twice at 72 and 96 hours post injection.
- For abortion, from one week after mating to approximately the 150th day of gestation: Abortion generally takes place in 4-5 days after injection.
- For controlled breeding (Single injection method): Use only animals with mature corpus luteum. Inseminate at usual time after detecting estrus, or once at 72 hours, or twice at 72 and 96 hours post injection.
- For controlled breeding (Double injection method): Estrus should occur in 2-5 days after second injection.
Cerdos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To induce parturition in sows | 175 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
- To induce parturition in sows: Give 2 days or less before anticipated date of farrowing. Farrowing generally occurs in approximately 36 hours after injection.
Cabras
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To induce parturition in does | 62.5-125 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| To treat pseudopregnancy (hydrometra/mucometra) | 125 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
- To induce parturition in does: Give at 144 days of gestation in early morning. Deliveries will peak at 30-35 hours after injection. Maintain goat in usual surroundings and minimize outside disturbances.
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Resumen
El cloprostenol sódico es un análogo sintético de la prostaglandina F2α (PGF2α) ampliamente utilizado en medicina veterinaria principalmente por sus potentes propiedades luteolíticas. Está relacionado estructuralmente con el dinoprost natural, pero es significativamente más potente y tiene una mayor duración de acción.
- Animales grandes: Es un pilar en la reproducción de bovinos, equinos y porcinos para la sincronización del estro, la inducción del parto y el manejo de patologías reproductivas como quistes luteales, fetos momificados o endometritis crónica.
- Animales pequeños: En perros, se utiliza fuera de etiqueta (off-label) para la interrupción de la gestación y el manejo médico de la piómetra de cuello abierto.
Perla clínica: Debido a que es un análogo sintético, el cloprostenol a menudo presenta menos efectos secundarios sistémicos en caballos en comparación con la PGF2α natural (dinoprost), aunque los perros aún pueden experimentar efectos adversos significativos de tipo colinérgico (que pueden mitigarse mediante el pretratamiento con anticolinérgicos como la atropina).
Mecanismo de acción
Cloprostenol acts as a potent agonist at prostaglandin F (FP) receptors.
- Luteolysis: Binds to FP receptors on the corpus luteum (CL) → induces rapid functional and structural regression (luteolysis) → sharp decline in progesterone production. This drop in progesterone removes the negative feedback on the hypothalamus/pituitary, allowing a return to estrus, or induces abortion/parturition depending on the stage of gestation.
- Myometrial Contraction: Directly stimulates FP receptors on uterine smooth muscle → increases intracellular calcium → powerful, rhythmic uterine contractions (ecbolic effect).
- Cervical Relaxation: Concurrently promotes relaxation and dilation of the cervix, facilitating the expulsion of uterine contents (e.g., fetus, purulent material in pyometra).
Seguridad y advertencias
Contraindicaciones
- Pregnancy (when abortion or induced parturition are not desired)
- Intravenous (IV) administration
Efectos adversos
- Increased salivation (dogs)
- Tachycardia (dogs)
- Increased urination and defecation (dogs)
- Gagging and vomiting (dogs)
- Ataxia and mild depression (dogs)
- Sweating (horses)
- Cramping and loose stools (horses)
- Increased risk of dystocia if used after 5th month of gestation (cattle)
Precauciones
Women of child-bearing age, pregnant women, and persons with asthma or other respiratory diseases should use extreme caution when handling cloprostenol, as the drug may induce abortion or acute bronchoconstriction. Cloprostenol is readily absorbed through the skin and must be washed off immediately with soap and water. Do not administer IV.
Interacciones farmacológicas
Activity may be enhanced by cloprostenol
Monitorización
- Resolution of clinical signs (e.g., clearance of pyometra)
- Estrus behavior and timing
- Confirmation of pregnancy termination/abortion
- Adverse cholinergic effects in dogs (salivation, vomiting, heart rate)
Farmacocinética
Absorción
Readily absorbed through the skin.
Sobredosis
In cattle, doses of 50 and 100 times those recommended may cause signs of uneasiness, slight frothing, and milk let-down.
In small animals, overdoses of cloprostenol or other synthetic prostaglandin F2α analogs reportedly can result in severe shock and death.
Productos disponibles
Formulaciones
- Injection (250 micrograms/mL)
Veterinario
- Cloprostenol Sodium Injection equivalent to 250 micrograms/mL cloprostenol in 20 mL vials (Estrumate, estroPLAN)
Etiquetado para humanos
- None
Estado regulador
Sin datos reguladores para: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
Almacenamiento y estabilidad
Store at room temperature (15-30°C); protect from light.
Información para el cliente
ADVERTENCIA CRÍTICA DE SEGURIDAD HUMANA: El cloprostenol se absorbe fácilmente a través de la piel y puede causar efectos adversos graves en humanos.
- Las mujeres embarazadas, mujeres en edad fértil, asmáticos y personas con enfermedades bronquiales deben usar extrema precaución o evitar manipular este producto por completo. La exposición accidental puede inducir aborto o broncoespasmo agudo (ataque de asma).
- Si ocurre exposición accidental en la piel, lave el área inmediatamente con agua y jabón.
- Este medicamento solo debe ser manipulado y administrado por personas completamente familiarizadas con su uso y precauciones de seguridad.
- En perros, puede notar efectos secundarios como salivación, vómitos, aumento de la micción/defecación o jadeo poco después de la administración. Su veterinario puede recetar un medicamento adicional para ayudar a minimizar estos efectos.
La referencia de medicamentos de VetSheet está destinada a profesionales veterinarios autorizados como ayuda para la toma de decisiones clínicas, no como sustituto del criterio profesional ni del prospecto actual del fabricante.