Medroxiprogesterona Acetato
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
17-hydroxy-6alpha-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione acetate
También conocido como: Depo-Provera · depo-subQ provera 104 · MPA · MAP · acetoxymethylprogesterone · medroxyprogesteroni acetas · methylacetoxyprogesterone · metipregnone · NSC-26386
Revisado por el equipo veterinario de VetSheetActualizado 5 abr 2026Referencia veterinaria basada en la evidencia
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Dosis por especie
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
Perros
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apparent luteal insufficiency in bitches | 0.1 mg/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | Discontinue several days prior to expected due date | 🌎 NA |
| Long-term reproductive control | 2.5-3 mg/kg IM q5 months | IM | q5 months | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of aggressive behaviors | 10 mg/kg IM or SC | IM/SC | As necessary | — | 🌎 NA |
| Young German shepherd dwarfs | 2.5-5 mg/kg initially at 3 week intervals and subsequently at 6 week intervals | IM/SC | q3w initially, then q6w | — | 🌎 NA |
| Benign prostatic hypertrophy | 0.3 mg/kg SC once | SC | Once | Effects last approximately 10 months | 🌎 NA |
| Progestin-responsive dermatitis | 20 mg/kg IM | IM | May repeat in 3-6 months if needed | — | 🌎 NA |
- Apparent luteal insufficiency in bitches: Potential benefits outweigh risks in second half of pregnancy, though fetal deformities are possible.
- Adjunctive treatment of aggressive behaviors: Works best with behavior modification. For inter-male aggression: do not exceed 3 treatments per year.
- Young German shepherd dwarfs: Has resulted in some increase in body size and adult hair coat development.
- Benign prostatic hypertrophy: Best used to maintain breeding potential for short time prior to castration; use with caution.
Gatos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Behavioral disorders (reduce marking in neutered males) | 5-20 mg/kg SC or IM three to four times yearly | SC/IM | 3-4 times yearly | — | 🌎 NA |
| Feline psychogenic alopecia and dermatitis | 75-150 mg IM or SC | IM/SC | Repeat as necessary, but never more often than every 2-3 months | — | 🌎 NA |
| Progestagen-responsive dermatitis | 50-100 mg IM | IM | May repeat in 3-6 months if needed | — | 🌎 NA |
| Recurrent abortion secondary to progesterone-deficiency | 1-2 mg/kg IM once weekly | IM | q7d | Stop treatment 7-10 days prior to parturition | 🌎 NA |
| Long-term reproductive control | 2.5-5 mg PO once weekly; 25 mg injected every 6 months to postpone estrus | PO/IM/SC | q7d (PO) or q6mo (Injection) | — | 🌎 NA |
| Long-term reproductive control | 2 mg/kg IM q5 months | IM | q5 months | — | 🌎 NA |
- Behavioral disorders (reduce marking in neutered males): Use when all other drugs have been unsuccessful.
Aves
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antipruritic and to suppress ovulation | 0.025-1 mL (3 mg/100 grams body weight) IM once every 4-6 weeks | IM | q4-6w | — | 🌎 NA |
- Antipruritic and to suppress ovulation: May cause obesity, fatty liver, polydipsia/polyuria and lethargy if used repeatedly.
Caballos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Management of spring transition, prevention of estrus behavior, induction of estrous cycle synchrony, pregnancy maintenance, modification of stallion behavior | 500 to 800 mg IM | IM | Interval varies | Most injections last 2 to 3 months | 🌎 NA |
- Management of spring transition, prevention of estrus behavior, induction of estrous cycle synchrony, pregnancy maintenance, modification of stallion behavior: Will not prevent pregnancy loss and does not stop cyclicity.
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Resumen
El acetato de medroxiprogesterona (MPA) es un derivado progestágeno sintético potente de la progesterona.
Históricamente, se ha utilizado en medicina veterinaria para la modificación de la conducta (p. ej., vagabundeo, agresividad entre machos, marcaje con orina) y afecciones dermatológicas (p. ej., alopecia psicógena felina). Sin embargo, su uso ha disminuido significativamente debido a un alto riesgo de efectos adversos graves.
Perla clínica: Actualmente se prefieren alternativas más seguras (como ISRS, ATC o la esterilización quirúrgica) para problemas de comportamiento. El MPA todavía se utiliza ocasionalmente para indicaciones reproductivas específicas, como la insuficiencia lútea en perras gestantes, el manejo a corto plazo de la hipertrofia prostática benigna o el enanismo hipofisario en pastores alemanes. Debido a sus profundos efectos sistémicos, los beneficios potenciales deben sopesarse cuidadosamente frente a los riesgos sustanciales de complicaciones endocrinas y reproductivas.
Mecanismo de acción
MPA mimics endogenous progesterone by binding to intracellular progesterone receptors, translocating to the nucleus, and altering gene transcription. It transforms the proliferative endometrium into a secretory endometrium and inhibits spontaneous uterine contractions.
- Endocrine/Reproductive: Exerts negative feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary, decreasing GnRH → suppressing FSH and LH release, thereby inhibiting estrus and spermatogenesis. It also possesses anti-estrogenic properties and decreases plasma testosterone.
- Glucocorticoid Activity: MPA has significant intrinsic affinity for glucocorticoid receptors, leading to profound suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (decreased ACTH and cortisol release).
- Metabolic Effects: Induces peripheral insulin resistance, which can precipitate diabetes mellitus.
- Growth Hormone: In dogs, progestins can stimulate the mammary glands to produce growth hormone, potentially leading to acromegaly.
Seguridad y advertencias
Contraindicaciones
- Pre-pubescent cats or dogs
- Diabetes mellitus
- Pseudopregnant bitches
- Females in diestrus or with prolonged heat
- Uterine hemorrhage or discharge
- Pregnancy (unless specifically treating hypoluteoidism)
Efectos adversos
- Increased thirst (polydipsia) and urination (polyuria)
- Increased appetite (polyphagia) and weight gain
- Depression, lethargy, and personality changes
- Adrenocortical depression (HPA axis suppression)
- Mammary changes (enlargement, milk production, neoplasia)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Pyometra / Cystic endometrial hyperplasia
- Temporary inhibition of spermatogenesis
- Permanent local alopecia, skin atrophy, and depigmentation (with SC injection)
- Acromegaly (in dogs)
Precauciones
Progestagen therapy can cause serious adverse effects; safer alternative treatments should be considered first. Do not use prior to puberty as severe mammary hypertrophy or subclinical uterine/endocrine conditions may result. Because this drug can suppress adrenal function, exogenous steroids may be needed during times of stress (e.g., surgery, trauma). Prior to reproductive use, perform a thorough history, physical exam, mammary palpation, and vaginal smear to rule out diestrus, estrus, or mammary nodules.
Interacciones farmacológicas
May decrease medroxyprogesterone effects
May increase medroxyprogesterone metabolism
May decrease progestin activity due to microsomal enzyme induction and increased progestin metabolism
Monitorización
- Weight
- Blood glucose (draw baseline before therapy and monitor periodically)
- Mammary gland development
- Adrenocortical function
- Clinical efficacy
Farmacocinética
Vida media
Distribución
Can be detected in maternal milk.
Metabolismo
Hepatic metabolism (susceptible to microsomal enzyme induction).
Sobredosis
No specific reports on inadvertent acute overdosage were located. Overdose is expected to manifest as an exaggeration of adverse effects, including profound adrenal suppression, lethargy, metabolic derangements (hyperglycemia), and reproductive tract changes. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic.
Productos disponibles
Formulaciones
- Tablets
- Injection (suspension)
Etiquetado para humanos
- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Tablets (scored): 2.5 mg, 5 mg & 10 mg (Provera)
- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Injection: 104 mg (160 mg/mL) in 0.65 mL prefilled syringes; 150 mg/mL in 1 mL vials; 400 mg/mL in 2.5 mL & 10 mL vials and 1 mL U-ject (depo-subQ provera 104, Depo-Provera)
Estado regulador
Sin datos reguladores para: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
Almacenamiento y estabilidad
Suspensions for injection should be stored at room temperature (15-30°C); avoid freezing and temperatures above 40°C. Tablets should be stored in well-closed containers at room temperature.
Información para el cliente
Importante: Este medicamento conlleva riesgos significativos y generalmente solo se utiliza cuando han fallado otras alternativas de tratamiento más seguras.
- Monitoree de cerca si hay un aumento en la sed, la micción o el apetito. Estos pueden ser signos tempranos de diabetes mellitus, un efecto secundario potencial grave.
- Observe cualquier cambio en las glándulas mamarias, como hinchazón, bultos o producción de leche.
- En hembras intactas (no esterilizadas), monitoree los signos de una infección uterina grave (piómetra), que pueden incluir letargo, vómitos, disminución del apetito o secreción vaginal. Busque atención veterinaria inmediata si ocurren estos síntomas.
- Si se administra mediante inyección bajo la piel, puede causar pérdida permanente de pelo, adelgazamiento de la piel o cambios de color en el sitio de la inyección.
- Su mascota puede experimentar cambios de personalidad, letargo o aumento de peso mientras toma este medicamento.
La referencia de medicamentos de VetSheet está destinada a profesionales veterinarios autorizados como ayuda para la toma de decisiones clínicas, no como sustituto del criterio profesional ni del prospecto actual del fabricante.