Oximorfona

Oxymorphone

Oxymorphone HCl

Agonista opiáceoIVIMSCEpiduralRectalPOPerrosGatosPequeños mamíferosHuronesCaballosCerdos

También conocido como: Numorphan · Opana · 7,8-Dihydro-14hydroxymorphinone hydrochloride · oximorphone hydrochloride

Revisado por el equipo veterinario de VetSheetActualizado 5 abr 2026Referencia veterinaria basada en la evidencia

Up to 0.2 mg/kg IM or IV ; initially a maximum of 5 mg total doseIM/IV· Once

Peso corporal— 🐕

Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.

Dosis por especie

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

Perros

Indicación	Dosis	Vía	Frecuencia	Duración	Región
For sedation for minor procedures	Up to 0.2 mg/kg IM or IV ; initially a maximum of 5 mg total dose	IM/IV	Once	—	🌎 NA
For sedation for minor procedures	0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV or 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IM, SC	IV/IM/SC	Once	—	🌎 NA
For analgesia (acute pain)	0.1-0.2 mg/kg IM, IV, or SC	IM/IV/SC	q1-3h	—	🌎 NA
For analgesia (acute pain) in animals with cardiovascular disease	0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV, IM or SC	IV/IM/SC	q2-4h	—	🌎 NA
Epidural administration	0.05 mg/kg	Epidural	Once	—	🌎 NA
For acute pain	0.1-0.2 mg/kg IM or SC	IM/SC	q3-4h	—	🌎 NA
For analgesia	0.05-0.4 mg/kg IV, IM, or SC	IV/IM/SC	q2-4h	—	🌎 NA
For premedication to anesthesia in healthy dogs	0.05-0.1 mg/kg IM, IV ; 0.2 mg/kg for extra heavy sedation	IM/IV	Once	—	🌎 NA

For sedation for minor procedures: Combine with acepromazine 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IM or IV
Epidural administration: Recommend to dilute with sterile saline to a volume not to exceed 0.3 mL/kg to a maximum of 6 mL. Use of preservative-free opioids is best.
For premedication to anesthesia in healthy dogs: Maximum initial dose: 5 mg.

Gatos

Indicación	Dosis	Vía	Frecuencia	Duración	Región
As a preanesthetic/analgesic	0.05-0.1 mg/kg IM	IM	Once	—	🌎 NA
As an analgesic (acute pain)	0.05-0.1 mg/kg IM, SC or IV	IM/SC/IV	q1-3h	—	🌎 NA
As an analgesic (acute pain) for animals with cardiovascular disease	0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV, IM or SC	IV/IM/SC	q2-4h	—	🌎 NA
As an analgesic (acute pain)	0.025-0.1 mg/kg IV (IM or SC)	IV/IM/SC	q2-6h	—	🌎 NA
As an analgesic (acute pain)	0.02-0.1 mg/kg IV, IM, or SC	IV/IM/SC	q3-4h	—	🌎 NA

As a preanesthetic/analgesic: may cause dysphoria or excitement, add sedative.
As an analgesic (acute pain): concomitant tranquilization recommended

Pequeños mamíferos

Indicación	Dosis	Vía	Frecuencia	Duración	Región
Analgesia	0.2 mg/kg IM	IM	q2-4h	—	🌎 NA
Anesthetic/analgesic for minor surgical procedures	0.15 mg/kg IM	IM	Once	—	🌎 NA
Analgesia	0.2-0.5 mg/kg SC, IM	SC/IM	q6-12h	—	🌎 NA
Analgesia	0.05-0.2 mg/kg SQ (or IM for rabbits only)	SQ/IM	q8-12 hrs	—	🌎 NA

Analgesia: Rabbits
Anesthetic/analgesic for minor surgical procedures: for a hamster-sized animal
Analgesia: Hamsters, Gerbils, Mice, Rats, Guinea pigs
Analgesia: Rabbits, Rats, Mice, Gerbils, Guinea Pigs, Hamsters, Chinchillas

Hurones

Indicación	Dosis	Vía	Frecuencia	Duración	Región
Analgesia	0.05-0.2 mg/kg IV or IM	IV/IM	2-4 times daily	—	🌎 NA
Analgesia	0.05-0.2 mg/kg SQ or IM	SQ/IM	q8-12 hrs	—	🌎 NA

Caballos

Indicación	Dosis	Vía	Frecuencia	Duración	Región
As an analgesic	0.01-0.02 mg/kg IV	IV	Once	—	🌎 NA
As an analgesic	0.01-0.022 mg/kg IV ; up to 15 mg total	IV	Once	—	🌎 NA
As an analgesic	0.02-0.03 mg/kg IM	IM	Once	—	🌎 NA
As an analgesic	0.015-0.03 mg/kg IV	IV	Once	—	🌎 NA
Anesthetic induction in severely compromised horses	0.01-0.022 mg/kg IV	IV	Once	—	🌎 NA

As an analgesic: divide dose into 3-4 increments and give several minutes apart
Anesthetic induction in severely compromised horses: after approx. 45 minutes, may be necessary to 'top off' with another 1/3 of the original dose

Cerdos

Indicación	Dosis	Vía	Frecuencia	Duración	Región
To increase analgesia when used with ketamine/xylazine	0.075 mg/kg IV	IV	Once	—	🌎 NA

To increase analgesia when used with ketamine/xylazine: duration of anesthesia and recumbency: 20-30 minutes

Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.

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Resumen

La oximorfona es un agonista opiáceo semisintético potente utilizado principalmente como sedante/agente de contención, analgésico y preanestésico en medicina veterinaria.

Potencia: Es aproximadamente 10 veces más potente que la morfina en una base de peso por peso.
Efectos cardiovasculares: Sus efectos sobre el sistema cardiovascular generalmente no son clínicamente significativos, lo que la convierte en una opción relativamente segura para pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Liberación de histamina: A diferencia de la morfina o la meperidina, la oximorfona no parece causar una liberación significativa de histamina cuando se administra por vía intravenosa.
Perla clínica: Es una sustancia controlada de Lista II (C-II) debido a su alto potencial de abuso. Aunque es altamente efectiva para el dolor de moderado a severo, la disponibilidad y el costo pueden ser factores limitantes en la práctica veterinaria.

Mecanismo de acción

Oxymorphone acts primarily as a full agonist at mu (μ) opioid receptors, with some possible activity at delta (δ) receptors.

Pathway: Binds to G-protein coupled mu-opioid receptors in the CNS (limbic system, spinal cord, thalamus, midbrain) and peripheral tissues (GI tract, urinary tract) → inhibits adenylate cyclase → decreases intracellular cAMP → promotes opening of potassium channels and inhibits voltage-gated calcium channels → hyperpolarizes nociceptive neurons and inhibits the release of pain neurotransmitters (e.g., Substance P).
Effects: This results in profound analgesia, sedation, respiratory depression, and altered GI motility.

Seguridad y advertencias

Contraindicaciones

Hypersensitivity to narcotic analgesics
Patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Diarrhea caused by a toxic ingestion (until toxin is eliminated)
Scorpion stings (Centruroides sculpturatus and C. gertschi)

Efectos adversos

Respiratory depression
Bradycardia
Decreased GI motility (constipation)
Panting (commonly seen in dogs)
Ataxia, hyperesthesia, and behavioral changes (cats at high dosages)
CNS excitement (horses)

Precauciones

Extreme Caution: Use with extreme caution in patients with head injuries, increased intracranial pressure, acute abdominal conditions (e.g., colic, as it may obscure diagnosis), respiratory disease, or acute respiratory dysfunction.

Caution: Use cautiously in patients with hypothyroidism, severe renal insufficiency, adrenocortical insufficiency, preexisting bradyarrhythmias, and in geriatric or severely debilitated patients.
Species Specifics: In cats, high dosages can produce bizarre behavioral changes; concomitant use of a tranquilizer is recommended. In horses, opiates can mask behavioral and cardiovascular signs of mild colic.

Interacciones farmacológicas

Butorphanol, Buprenorphine, Nalbuphine

Potentially could antagonize opiate effects

CNS Depressants

Additive CNS effects possible

Diuretics

Opiates may decrease efficacy in CHF patients

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

Extreme caution; may cause signs of opiate overdose

Muscle Relaxants, Skeletal

Oxymorphone may enhance effects

Phenothiazines

May antagonize analgesic effects and increase risk for hypotension

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Oxymorphone may exacerbate the effects of tricyclic antidepressants

Warfarin

Opiates may potentiate anticoagulant activity

Monitorización

Respiratory rate/depth
CNS level of depression/excitation
Blood pressure (especially with IV use)
Analgesic activity
Cardiac rate

Farmacocinética

Vida media

GatosProlonged due to deficient glucuronidation

Absorción

Absorbed when given by IV, IM, SC, and rectal routes. Oral bioavailability is reduced due to a high first-pass effect. Analgesic efficacy usually occurs within 3-5 minutes after IV administration, and about 15 minutes after IM administration.

Distribución

Concentrates in the kidney, liver, and lungs; lower levels are found in the CNS. Crosses the placenta and is distributed into maternal milk.

Metabolismo

Metabolized in the liver primarily by glucuronidation. Cats are deficient in this metabolic pathway, leading to prolonged half-lives.

Eliminación

The kidneys excrete the glucuronidated metabolite.

Sobredosis

Massive overdoses may produce profound respiratory and/or CNS depression in most species. Other effects may include cardiovascular collapse, hypothermia, and skeletal muscle hypotonia.

Antidote: Naloxone is the agent of choice in treating respiratory depression.
Management: In massive overdoses, naloxone doses may need to be repeated. Animals should be closely observed as naloxone's effects sometimes diminish before sub-toxic levels of oxymorphone are attained. Mechanical respiratory support should be considered in cases of severe respiratory depression.

Productos disponibles

Formulaciones

Injection
Extended-Release Oral Tablets
Suppositories

Etiquetado para humanos

Oxymorphone HCl Oral Tablets: 5 mg & 10 mg; Opana®
Oxymorphone HCl Extended-Release Oral Tablets: 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg & 40 mg; Opana® ER
Oxymorphone HCl for Injection: 1 mg/mL in 1 mL amps; Opana®

Estado regulador

Sin datos reguladores para: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

Almacenamiento y estabilidad

The injection should be stored protected from light and at room temperature (15-30°C); avoid freezing. Commercially available suppositories should be stored at temperatures between 2-15°C.

Información para el cliente

Cuando se administra por vía parenteral, este agente debe utilizarse en un entorno hospitalario o bajo supervisión profesional directa.
Advertencia de seguridad: Este es un opioide potente y una sustancia controlada. Si se dispensa para uso doméstico, manténgalo estrictamente fuera del alcance de niños y otras mascotas.

La referencia de medicamentos de VetSheet está destinada a profesionales veterinarios autorizados como ayuda para la toma de decisiones clínicas, no como sustituto del criterio profesional ni del prospecto actual del fabricante.