Edetato cálcico disódico
Edetate Calcium Disodium
Calcium Disodium Ethylenediaminetetra-acetate
También conocido como: Calcium Disodium Versenate · Calcium Vitis · Calciumedetat-Heyl · Chelante · Chelintox · Ledclair · CaEDTA · sodium calcium edetate · calcium disodium edathamil · calcium disodium edetate · calcium EDTA · disodium calcium tetracemate · E385
Revisado por el equipo veterinario de VetSheetActualizado 5 abr 2026Referencia veterinaria basada en la evidencia
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Dosis por especie
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
Perros
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning | 100 mg/kg SC divided into 4 daily doses in 5% dextrose for 5 days. May require second course of treatment, particularly if blood lead levels >0.10 ppm. Do not exceed 2 g/day and do not treat for more than 5 consecutive days. | SC | divided q6h | 5 days | 🌎 NA |
| Lead poisoning | 25 mg/kg SC four times daily for 5 days. Give as 1% solution in D5W. | SC | q6h | 5 days | 🌎 NA |
| Zinc toxicity | 100 mg/kg divided into four SC doses per day. Dilute in D5W to reduce local irritation at site of injection. | SC | divided q6h | Unknown | 🌎 NA |
| Lead or zinc toxicity | 25 mg/kg | SC | q6h | 2-5 days | 🌍 EU |
- Lead poisoning: Be sure there is no lead in GI tract before using.
- Lead poisoning: Provide a 5-7 day rest period between courses of treatment to minimize potential for nephrotoxicity.
- Zinc toxicity: Monitor serum zinc concentrations and maintain animal's hydration status.
- Lead or zinc toxicity: Dilute to 10 mg/ml in 5% dextrose before use. Total daily dose should not exceed 2 g. Dogs that respond slowly or have an initial blood lead level >4.5 μmol/l may need another 5-day course after a rest period of 5 days.
Gatos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning | 27.5 mg/kg in 15 mL D5W SC four times daily for 5 days. | SC | q6h | 5 days | 🌎 NA |
| Lead or zinc toxicity | 25 mg/kg | SC | q6h | 2-5 days | 🌍 EU |
- Lead poisoning: Recheck blood lead 2-3 weeks later and repeat therapy if greater than 0.2 ppm.
- Lead or zinc toxicity: Dilute to 10 mg/ml in 5% dextrose before use. Total daily dose should not exceed 2 g.
Pequeños mamíferos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heavy metal toxicity (Chinchillas) | 30 mg/kg SC q12h | SC | q12h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
Aves
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning (Psittacines) | 35 mg/kg IM twice daily for 5-7 days. | IM | q12h | 5-7 days | 🌎 NA |
| Lead poisoning (Raptors/Falcons) | 100 mg/kg q12h for 5-25 consecutive days. (25% CaEDTA given undiluted IM) | IM | q12h | 5-25 days | 🌎 NA |
| Lead or zinc poisoning | 30-35 mg/kg IM q12h x 3-5 days, off 3-5 days, may repeat and/or use another chelator. | IM | q12h | 3-5 days | 🌎 NA |
- Lead poisoning (Psittacines): After initial therapy, may give orally until all lead fragments are dissolved and/or passed from GI tract.
- Lead poisoning (Raptors/Falcons): Treated if blood lead was >65 micrograms/dL for 5 day courses, until blood lead was <20 micrograms/dL.
- Lead or zinc poisoning: Maintain hydration. Do not give orally. Can be used IV short term (48 hrs) at 20-35 mg/kg diluted in saline.
Caballos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning | 75 mg/kg IV slowly in D5W or saline daily for 4-5 days (may divide daily dose into 2-3 administrations per day). | IV | q24h or divided q8-12h | 4-5 days | 🌎 NA |
- Lead poisoning: Stop therapy for 2 days and repeat for another 4-5 days. Give adequate supportive and nutritional therapy.
Ganado
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning | 110 mg/kg per day in 3-4 divided doses; dilute to 1 gram/mL in D5W; first dose IV, then subcutaneously | IV/SC | divided q6-8h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Lead poisoning | 67 mg/kg slow IV twice daily for 2 days; withhold dose for 2 days and then give again for 2 days. | IV | q12h | 2 days on, 2 days off, 2 days on | 🌎 NA |
| Lead poisoning | 73.3 mg/kg/day slow IV divided 2-3 times a day for 3-5 days. | IV | divided q8-12h | 3-5 days | 🌎 NA |
- Lead poisoning: FARAD recommends a 2 day meat and milk withdrawal time.
- Lead poisoning: Cattle may require 10-14 days to recover and may require several series of treatments.
- Lead poisoning: If additional therapy is required, a 2-day rest period followed by another 5-day treatment regimen is recommended.
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Resumen
El edetato cálcico disódico (CaEDTA) es un agente quelante de metales pesados utilizado principalmente en medicina veterinaria para el tratamiento de la toxicosis por plomo y zinc. Aunque el succímero (DMSA) es cada vez más preferido para el envenenamiento por plomo en animales pequeños debido a su formulación oral y menor nefrotoxicidad, el CaEDTA sigue siendo un antídoto parenteral crítico, especialmente en animales grandes y especies aviares.
Perla clínica crítica: Es absolutamente vital asegurarse de que se utilice la forma Calcium Disodium del EDTA. La administración de EDTA disódico (Na2EDTA) sin calcio puede causar una hipocalcemia rápida y fatal, ya que quelará agresivamente el calcio sérico endógeno del paciente.
El CaEDTA es altamente hidrosoluble y depende en gran medida de la eliminación renal, por lo que una hidratación adecuada y el monitoreo renal son esenciales durante el tratamiento.
Mecanismo de acción
CaEDTA works via competitive chelation. The calcium ion in the CaEDTA complex has a lower binding affinity than heavy metals. When introduced into the bloodstream, divalent or trivalent heavy metals (such as Pb2+ or Zn2+) displace the calcium:
CaEDTA + Pb2+ → PbEDTA + Ca2+
The resulting heavy metal-EDTA complex is highly stable, water-soluble, and is rapidly excreted by the kidneys into the urine.
- Theoretically, 1 gram of CaEDTA binds 620 mg of lead, but in vivo, only about 5 mg of lead is excreted per gram of drug.
- It effectively chelates lead and zinc, and to a lesser extent cadmium, copper, iron, and manganese.
- It is ineffective for mercury, gold, or arsenic poisoning.
Seguridad y advertencias
Contraindicaciones
- Patients with anuria
- Oral (PO) administration in the presence of lead in the GI tract (enhances absorption)
Efectos adversos
- Renal toxicity (renal tubular necrosis)
- Depression (dogs)
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Zinc deficiency (with chronic therapy)
- Pain at IM injection site
Precauciones
Use with extreme caution in patients with diminished renal function; dosage adjustments are required.
In small animals, the SC route is strongly preferred. IV administration has been associated with abrupt increases in CSF pressure and death in human pediatric patients with lead-induced cerebral edema.
Do not administer orally if lead is still present in the GI tract, as it will facilitate systemic absorption of the lead. Remove lead from the GI tract (via emesis, endoscopy, or surgery) prior to starting chelation.
Ensure adequate hydration to protect the kidneys, but avoid overhydration in animals showing clinical signs of cerebral edema.
Interacciones farmacológicas
May enhance the renal toxicity of CaEDTA
Concurrent administration will decrease the sustained action of the insulin preparation due to zinc chelation
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity; use with extreme caution
Monitorización
- Blood lead or zinc levels (serial monitoring)
- Urine d-ALA
- Renal function tests (BUN, Creatinine)
- Urinalyses (monitor for casts/glucose indicating tubular damage)
- Hydration status
- Serum phosphorus and calcium values
- Periodic cardiac rate/rhythm monitoring
Farmacocinética
Absorción
Well absorbed after either IM or SC administration.
Distribución
Distributed primarily in the extracellular fluid. Does not penetrate erythrocytes or enter the CNS in appreciable amounts.
Metabolismo
Not significantly metabolized.
Eliminación
Rapidly excreted renally, either as unchanged drug or chelated with metals. Changes in urine pH or flow do not significantly alter excretion rate.
Sobredosis
Doses greater than 12 g/kg are lethal in dogs. Acute toxicity primarily manifests as severe renal tubular necrosis. It can also cause profound depression, vomiting, and diarrhea. Treatment of overdose is largely supportive, focusing on maintaining diuresis and managing uremia.
Productos disponibles
Formulaciones
- Injection solution: 200 mg/mL
Veterinario
- None commercially available in the USA; may be obtained through compounding pharmacies.
Etiquetado para humanos
- Edetate Calcium Disodium Injection Solution: 200 mg/mL in 5 mL ampules (1 gram/ampule) (Calcium Disodium Versenate)
Estado regulador
POM (Prescription Only Medicine)
POM-V
Sin datos reguladores para: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
Almacenamiento y estabilidad
Store at temperatures less than 40°C, preferably at room temperature (15-30°C). The injection can be diluted with either normal saline or 5% dextrose.
Información para el cliente
El envenenamiento por metales pesados (como por la ingestión de monedas, pintura con plomo o piezas metálicas) es una emergencia grave y potencialmente mortal.
- Hospitalización requerida: Debido al potencial de toxicidad de este antídoto y la gravedad de la intoxicación por metales pesados, es probable que su mascota deba permanecer en el hospital para una supervisión profesional estrecha, inyecciones y fluidoterapia intravenosa.
- Protección renal: El medicamento actúa uniéndose al metal y forzando su eliminación a través de la orina. Los fluidos intravenosos son fundamentales para ayudar a limpiar los riñones y protegerlos de daños.
- Tratamientos múltiples: El tratamiento a menudo requiere varios días de inyecciones, seguidos de un período de descanso y, potencialmente, otra ronda de inyecciones dependiendo de los análisis de sangre de seguimiento.
La referencia de medicamentos de VetSheet está destinada a profesionales veterinarios autorizados como ayuda para la toma de decisiones clínicas, no como sustituto del criterio profesional ni del prospecto actual del fabricante.