Sulfato ferroso
Ferrous Sulfate
Iron (II) sulfate
También conocido como: Fer-In-Sol · Feosol · FeroSul · Fer-Gen-Sol · eisen(II)-sulfat · ferreux (sulfate) · ferrosi sulfas heptahydricus · ferrous sulphate · ferrum sulfuricum oxydulatum · iron (II) sulphate heptahydrate · iron sulphate · ferrous sulfate, exsiccated · dried ferrous sulfate
Revisado por el equipo veterinario de VetSheetActualizado 5 abr 2026Referencia veterinaria basada en la evidencia
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Dosis por especie
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
Perros
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron deficiency anemia | 100-300 mg (total dose) PO once a day | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Iron deficiency anemia | 100-300 mg per day (total dose) PO | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 100-300 mg (total dose) PO per day | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Iron deficiency anemia: Dose is for ferrous sulfate, not elemental iron.
- Iron deficiency anemia: First correct underlying cause of blood loss. Absorption is enhanced if administered 1 hour before or several hours after feeding. Reduce dosage if GI side effects occur.
Gatos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron deficiency anemia | 50-100 mg (total dose) PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Iron deficiency anemia | 30-200 mg (total dose) PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 50-100 mg (total dose) PO per day | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 5-50 mg per cat PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 50-100 mg per cat PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 10 mg/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy: Many cats do not tolerate oral iron therapy and are better treated with iron dextran at 50 mg IM q3-4 weeks.
Caballos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematinic | 2-8 g PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
Ganado
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematinic | 8-15 g PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
Cerdos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematinic | 0.5-2 g PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
Ovejas
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematinic | 0.5-2 g PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Resumen
El sulfato ferroso es un suplemento de hierro oral utilizado principalmente en medicina veterinaria para tratar anemias ferropénicas (más comúnmente secundarias a la pérdida crónica de sangre, como infestaciones graves por pulgas/anquilostomas o hemorragias gastrointestinales) y como terapia adyuvante en pacientes que reciben eritropoyetina (epoetina) para la enfermedad renal crónica.
Perla clínica: La dosificación de hierro oral puede ser confusa. Es fundamental distinguir entre la dosis de la sal de hierro (sulfato ferroso) y la dosis de hierro elemental. El sulfato ferroso regular contiene aproximadamente un 20% de hierro elemental (200 mg de hierro elemental por gramo), mientras que el sulfato ferroso desecado contiene aproximadamente un 30% de hierro elemental (300 mg de hierro elemental por gramo).
Mecanismo de acción
Iron is an essential trace mineral required for the transport and utilization of oxygen.
Dietary or supplemental iron is absorbed primarily in the duodenum and proximal jejunum → binds to the transport protein transferrin in the plasma → transported to the bone marrow → incorporated into porphyrin to form heme.
Heme is a critical component of hemoglobin (in red blood cells) and myoglobin (in muscle). Ionized iron also acts as an essential cofactor for several metabolic enzymes, including cytochrome oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and xanthine oxidase. While iron does not directly stimulate erythropoiesis, it provides the necessary building blocks to correct hemoglobin deficits caused by iron deficiency.
Seguridad y advertencias
Contraindicaciones
- Hemosiderosis
- Hemochromatosis
- Hemolytic anemias
- Known hypersensitivity to iron products
- Gastrointestinal ulcerative diseases (relative contraindication due to GI irritation)
Efectos adversos
- Mild gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting)
- Black or dark-colored feces (normal and harmless)
- Constipation or diarrhea
Precauciones
WARNING: Dosing of oral iron products can be confusing. Always verify whether the dose is for the iron salt (e.g., ferrous sulfate) or elemental iron. Use with caution in patients with GI ulcerative diseases due to the irritating properties of the drug. Large doses can color feces black, causing false-positives on guaiac tests for occult blood.
Interacciones farmacológicas
May bind to iron and decrease oral absorption; administer at least two hours apart.
May bind to iron and decrease oral absorption; administer at least two hours apart.
May delay the response to iron administration; avoid using in patients with iron deficiency anemia.
Iron may significantly reduce the absorption of oral fluoroquinolones; administer at least two hours apart.
Increased gastric pH may decrease iron absorption.
Iron can decrease the efficacy of penicillamine by decreasing its absorption; space doses as far apart as possible.
Increased gastric pH may decrease iron absorption.
Oral iron preparations can bind to orally administered tetracyclines, decreasing the absorption of both compounds.
Iron may reduce the absorption of oral thyroxine; administer at least two hours apart.
May enhance the gastrointestinal absorption of iron.
Monitorización
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of anemia signs)
- Hemograms (CBC)
- Serum iron (Normal: Dogs 80-180 mcg/dL, Cats 70-140 mcg/dL)
- Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) (Normal: Dogs 280-340 mcg/dL, Cats 270-400 mcg/dL)
- Serum transferrin saturation
Farmacocinética
Absorción
Complex and determined by diet, iron stores, erythropoiesis degree, and dose. Absorbed throughout the GI tract, but mostly in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. Food in the GI tract may reduce the amount absorbed.
Distribución
After absorption, ferrous iron is immediately bound to transferrin and transported to the bone marrow.
Metabolismo
Incorporated into hemoglobin. Iron metabolism occurs in a nearly closed system; iron liberated by hemoglobin destruction is reused by the body.
Eliminación
Only small amounts are lost via hair and nail growth, normal skin desquamation, and GI tract sloughing.
Sobredosis
Ingestion of iron-containing products can result in life-threatening toxicity. As little as 400 mg of elemental iron can be fatal in a child.
Clinical Signs of Toxicity:
- Phase 1 (30 mins to several hours): Acute gastrointestinal irritation, distress, vomiting (possibly hemorrhagic), abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
- Phase 2 (12-48 hours): The patient may appear asymptomatic, but this can be a deceptive latent phase.
- Phase 3: Peripheral vascular collapse, hypotension, cyanosis, pulmonary edema, fulminant hepatic failure, coma, and death.
- Long-term Sequelae: Animals that survive may exhibit gastric scarring, strictures, and persistent digestive disturbances.
Treatment:
- Must be handled as an absolute emergency.
- Decontamination: Empty the stomach using gastric lavage with a large bore tube (avoid emetics if hemorrhagic vomiting is already present). Lavage with tepid water or 1-5% sodium bicarbonate solution.
- Oral milk of magnesia may help bind the drug in the GI tract.
- Antidote: Deferoxamine is a specific chelating agent used to bind absorbed iron.
- Supportive Care: IV fluids for shock, treatment of acidosis, prophylactic antibiotics, oxygen, and management of coagulation abnormalities or seizures.
Productos disponibles
Formulaciones
- Oral Tablets
- Oral Elixir/Liquid
- Oral Drops
Veterinario
- No single-ingredient veterinary-FDA-approved products are available. Many multivitamin products containing iron are available.
Etiquetado para humanos
- Ferrous Sulfate Oral Tablets: 325 mg (65 mg iron)
- Ferrous Sulfate Oral Elixir/Liquid: 220 mg/5mL (44 mg iron/5 mL), 300 mg/5 mL (60 mg iron/5 mL)
- Ferrous Sulfate Oral Drops: 15 mg iron/mL, 75 mg/0.6 mL (15 mg iron/0.6 mL)
Estado regulador
Sin datos reguladores para: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
Almacenamiento y estabilidad
Store in tight, light-resistant containers. If exposed to moisture or moist air, the drug is rapidly oxidized to a brownish-yellow ferric compound that should not be used medicinally. Exposure to light or an alkaline medium enhances this conversion.
Información para el cliente
PELIGRO: La sobredosis de hierro es altamente tóxica y potencialmente mortal. Mantenga todos los suplementos de hierro estrictamente fuera del alcance de las mascotas y los niños.
- Propósito: Se utiliza para tratar la anemia por deficiencia de hierro, que a menudo es causada por la pérdida crónica de sangre (p. ej., infestaciones graves de pulgas o anquilostomas, úlceras sangrantes) o para apoyar la producción de glóbulos rojos en mascotas con enfermedad renal.
- Administración: La absorción es mejor con el estómago vacío (1 hora antes o varias horas después de las comidas). Sin embargo, si causa malestar estomacal o vómitos, puede administrarlo con una pequeña cantidad de comida.
- Efectos secundarios: No se alarme si las heces de su mascota se vuelven de color negro oscuro; este es un efecto secundario normal e inofensivo del hierro no absorbido que pasa a través del tracto digestivo.
- Interacciones: No administrar al mismo tiempo que antiácidos, productos lácteos o ciertos antibióticos (como tetraciclinas o fluoroquinolonas). Separe las dosis por al menos 2 horas.
La referencia de medicamentos de VetSheet está destinada a profesionales veterinarios autorizados como ayuda para la toma de decisiones clínicas, no como sustituto del criterio profesional ni del prospecto actual del fabricante.