Gonadorelin
Gonadorelin is a synthetic **hypothalamic hormone** (GnRH analogue) used primarily in veterinary medicine to treat reproductive disorders such as ovarian follicular cysts, particularly in dairy cattle. Key highlights: - **Very short duration of action** (minutes). - Used off-label in small animals for diagnostic purposes (e.g., differentiating castrated vs. intact animals, identifying retained testicles) and to induce estrus or ovulation. - **No slaughter or milk withdrawal** required when used as labeled in food animals. - Highly safe with virtually no reported adverse effects.
Mecanismo: Gonadorelin acts as a synthetic **GnRH** (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) → binds to receptors on the anterior pituitary gland → stimulates a surge-like release of **FSH** (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and **LH** (Luteinizing Hormone). - In females (cows, ewes, cats), this LH surge can induce ovulation or luteinization of cystic follicles. - In males, it stimulates testosterone release, which is useful for diagnostic stimulation testing. - Note: A constant infusion initially stimulates LH/FSH release, but eventually causes receptor downregulation and levels return to baseline.
Dosificación por especie
- To induce ovulation outside of the breeding season · 100 micrograms injected daily · Injection · q24h · 4-5 days
- To induce ovulation outside of the breeding season in the doe · 100 micrograms injected daily · Injection · q24h · 4-5 days
- To stimulate ovulation after mating · 25 micrograms IM after mating · IM · Once
- For infertility, reduced libido, testis descent in male cats · 1 microgram/kg every 2-3 days · IM · q48-72h
- To detect ovarian remnants in queens after ovariohysterectomy · 25 micrograms per cat · IM · Once · Progesterone level (>1 ng/mL) 1-2 weeks post treatment verifies presence of ovarian tissue.
- To induce ovulation · 20 micrograms IM · IM · Once · Repeat in one week as necessary · Most effective 14 days after onset of estrus.
- To treat ovarian cysts in cattle · 100 micrograms IM or IV · IM/IV · Once
- To treat ovarian cysts in cattle · 100 micrograms IM per cow · IM · Once
Vías de administración
Contraindicaciones
- None noted on the label
Efectos adversos
- None reported
- Hypersensitivity reactions are highly unlikely with synthetic preparations
Monitorización
- Clinical efficacy (e.g., resolution of cystic ovaries, induction of estrus)
- Serum progesterone levels (for ovarian remnant or cystic ovary verification)
- Serum testosterone levels (for cryptorchidism/castration testing)
Sobredosis
In doses of up to 120 micrograms/kg, no untoward effects were noted in several species of test animals. Gonadorelin is unlikely to cause significant adverse effects after inadvertent overdosage.
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