Emulsión lipídica
Lipid Emulsion
Intravenous Lipid Emulsion (ILE)
También conocido como: Intralipid · ClinOleic · Lipofundin · Omegaven · ILE · Intravenous Lipid Emulsion · Lipid Rescue
Revisado por el equipo veterinario de VetSheetActualizado 5 abr 2026Referencia veterinaria basada en la evidencia
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Dosis por especie
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
Perros
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parenteral nutrition | Supply 30% (partial peripheral) to 40-60% of energy requirements | IV | continuous | As required | 🌍 EU |
| Treatment of lipid-soluble toxicosis (e.g., ivermectin, moxidectin) | 1.5-5 ml/kg of 20% lipid solution as bolus, followed by 0.25-0.50 ml/kg/min infusion. Boluses of 1.5 ml/kg can be repeated. | IV | bolus followed by continuous infusion | Infusion for 30-60 min (maximum 24 hours) | 🌍 EU |
- Parenteral nutrition: Amount governed by physiological status
- Treatment of lipid-soluble toxicosis (e.g., ivermectin, moxidectin): Infusions of 0.5 ml/kg/min can be administered for a maximum of 24 hours.
Gatos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parenteral nutrition | Supply 40-60% of energy requirements | IV | continuous | As required | 🌍 EU |
| Treatment of lipid-soluble toxicosis (e.g., ivermectin, moxidectin) | 1.5-5 ml/kg of 20% lipid solution as bolus, followed by 0.25-0.50 ml/kg/min infusion. Boluses of 1.5 ml/kg can be repeated. | IV | bolus followed by continuous infusion | Infusion for 30-60 min (maximum 24 hours) | 🌍 EU |
- Parenteral nutrition: Generally used as an energy source in a nutrient admixture for infusion through central venous access (total parenteral nutrition).
- Treatment of lipid-soluble toxicosis (e.g., ivermectin, moxidectin): Infusions of 0.5 ml/kg/min can be administered for a maximum of 24 hours.
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Resumen
Las emulsiones lipídicas intravenosas (ILE) son emulsiones de grasa estériles y no pirogénicas utilizadas principalmente para la parenteral nutrition con el fin de proporcionar una fuente densa de calorías y ácidos grasos esenciales. En medicina veterinaria de urgencias, se utilizan cada vez más como antidote para toxicidades por fármacos lipofílicos (p. ej., avermectinas, anestésicos locales como la bupivacaína).
Clinical Warning: Utilizar con extrema precaución en pacientes con resistencia a la insulina (p. ej., diabetes mellitus) o aquellos con riesgo de pancreatitis. Es obligatoria una técnica aséptica estricta, ya que la emulsión favorece fuertemente el crecimiento microbiano.
Clinical Pearl: El uso de ILE para toxicosis se conoce a menudo como terapia de 'Lipid Rescue'.
Mecanismo de acción
As a nutritional supplement, lipid emulsions provide triglycerides which are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase into free fatty acids and glycerol, entering cellular metabolism via beta-oxidation to produce ATP.
As an antidote, the primary mechanism is the 'lipid sink' theory: the infusion creates an expanded intravascular lipid phase that sequesters highly lipophilic toxins (e.g., bupivacaine, ivermectin) away from target organs (brain, heart) → reducing clinical toxicity.
Seguridad y advertencias
Contraindicaciones
- Insulin resistance (e.g., diabetes mellitus)
- Hyperlipidaemia
- Disrupted fat metabolism
Efectos adversos
- Febrile episodes (mainly with 20% emulsions)
- Vasculitis
- Thrombosis
- Anaphylaxis (rare)
- Hepatic failure (with prolonged treatment)
- Pancreatitis (with prolonged treatment)
- Cardiac arrest (with prolonged treatment)
- Thrombocytopenia (with prolonged treatment)
Precauciones
Do not use if separation of the emulsion occurs. Lines for IV parenteral feeding must be dedicated for that use alone. Daily checks are necessary to ensure complete clearance from the plasma. 20% and 30% lipid products have a higher rate of complications for nutritional use and are generally not recommended for standard parenteral nutrition.
Interacciones farmacológicas
Physical incompatibility; requires dedicated IV line for parenteral feeding
Lipaemia interferes with blood gas and calcium measurements if samples are taken before fat is cleared
Monitorización
- Plasma clearance (visual lipaemia or serum triglycerides daily)
- Blood glucose
- Pancreatic enzymes
- Coagulation profile (if prolonged use)
Farmacocinética
Vida media
Absorción
100% bioavailable via intravenous administration.
Distribución
Confined to the plasma compartment initially, acting as a lipid sink for lipophilic drugs.
Metabolismo
Metabolized via normal lipid pathways (lipoprotein lipase) into free fatty acids and glycerol.
Eliminación
Cleared from plasma by cellular uptake and metabolism.
Sobredosis
Overdosage or failure to clear lipids can lead to fat overload syndrome, characterized by hyperlipidaemia, fever, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, and coagulopathy. Treatment involves immediate cessation of the infusion and supportive care.
Productos disponibles
Formulaciones
- Injectable: 10% solution (contains soya oil emulsion, glycerol, purified egg phospholipids, phosphate 15 mmol/l; 2 kcal/ml, 268 mOsm/l)
- Injectable: 20% solution
- Injectable: 30% solution
Etiquetado para humanos
- ClinOleic
- Intralipid
- Ivelip
- Lipidem
- Lipofundin
- Omegaven
Estado regulador
Human registered products used under the cascade.
Human registered products used under the cascade (POM).
Sin datos reguladores para: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
Almacenamiento y estabilidad
Store according to manufacturer instructions, typically at room temperature (do not freeze). Discard immediately if the emulsion separates or shows signs of contamination. Strict aseptic handling is required.
Información para el cliente
Este medicamento se administra por vía intravenosa en un entorno hospitalario. Se utiliza ya sea para proporcionar nutrición esencial cuando su mascota no puede comer o absorber alimentos normalmente, o como un tratamiento de emergencia vital para extraer ciertas toxinas del sistema de su mascota. Su equipo veterinario controlará de cerca los análisis de sangre de su mascota para asegurar que su cuerpo esté procesando las grasas correctamente.
La referencia de medicamentos de VetSheet está destinada a profesionales veterinarios autorizados como ayuda para la toma de decisiones clínicas, no como sustituto del criterio profesional ni del prospecto actual del fabricante.