Mycobacterial Cell Wall Fraction Immunomodulator
**Mycobacterial cell wall fraction immunomodulator** is a biologic agent used in veterinary medicine to stimulate the patient's immune system against tumors and specific infections. * In **dogs**, it is used as a locally infiltrated injection for the immunotherapy of mixed mammary tumors and mammary adenocarcinomas. * In **horses**, it is utilized for treating sarcoids (local infiltration), Equine Respiratory Disease Complex (ERDC) via IV injection, and equine metritis caused by *Streptococcus zooepidemicus* (IV or intrauterine). > **Clinical Pearl:** Because this is an immunomodulator, its efficacy relies entirely on the patient having a functional immune system. While local (intratumoral) efficacy is documented, systemic efficacy is not as well established.
Mecanismo: The drug exerts a non-specific immune stimulatory effect, primarily targeting **cell-mediated immune mechanisms** and **macrophage activation**. * **Macrophage activation** → Release of **Interleukin-1 (IL-1)** → Cascade of immune responses targeting abnormal cells (tumors) or pathogens. * Requires a competent, functional immune system to be effective.
Dosificación por especie
- Immunotherapy of sarcoids · Dosage varies with tumor size, but 1 mL should be considered a minimum dose. Infiltrate entire tumor and a small region of adjacent and underlying tissue. · Intratumoral · Repeat treatment every 1-3 weeks. · Discontinue if no response after 4 treatments · Large pedunculated sarcoids should be de-bulked by partial excision prior to treatment. Use no larger than a 20-gauge needle. Inject quickly as emulsion separates rapidly.
- Immunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of Equine Respiratory Disease Complex (ERDC) · 1.5 mL (one syringe) · IV · May be repeated in 1-3 weeks · Inject into the jugular vein.
- Aid in the treatment of equine metritis caused by Streptococcus zooepidemicus · 1.5 mL (one syringe) · IV · Once during the early estrus period · Inject into the jugular vein.
- Aid in the treatment of equine metritis caused by Streptococcus zooepidemicus · Dilute 1.5 mL of Settle in sterile LRS, normal saline, water for injection or semen extender to provide a final volume of 25-50 mL. · Intrauterine · Once · Aseptically administer the diluted solution into the uterus using a sterile catheter.
- Immunotherapy of mixed mammary tumor and mammary adenocarcinoma · Dosage varies with tumor size, but 1 mL should be considered a minimum dose. Infiltrate entire tumor and a small region of adjacent and underlying tissue. · Intratumoral · Once, 2-4 weeks before surgery. If surgery is not to be used, repeat treatment every 1-3 weeks. · Discontinue if no response after 4 treatments · Using no larger than a 20-gauge needle. Be certain the emulsion is mixed thoroughly and inject quickly as emulsion can separate rapidly. Additional anesthetics or analgesics may be used for pain.
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para veterinarios colegiados. Confirme siempre con la ficha técnica vigente y el paciente individual.
Vías de administración
Contraindicaciones
- Prior hypersensitivity to mycobacterial cell wall compounds
- Active mycobacterial infections
Efectos adversos
- Transient fever
- Depression or drowsiness
- Decreased appetite
- Localized pain and tenderness at injection site
- Tumor necrosis and draining (expected therapeutic effect but can be an adverse event)
- Hypersensitivity or Anaphylaxis
- Severe respiratory inflammatory reactions (reported in horses)
Interacciones farmacológicas
- Corticosteroids, ACTH, Immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., cyclosporine) · May reduce the effectiveness of mycobacterial cell wall immunostimulants
Monitorización
- Clinical Efficacy (tumor size, metritis improvement, or respiratory infection improvement)
- Adverse Effects (fever, local reactions, appetite)
Sobredosis
No information was located regarding overdosage or acute toxicity.
La referencia de fármacos de VetSheet está destinada a veterinarios colegiados como apoyo a la decisión clínica, no sustituye el juicio profesional ni la ficha técnica vigente del fabricante.