Sodium citrate
**Sodium citrate** is an osmotic laxative typically formulated as a micro-enema in combination with a stool softener (such as sodium alkylsulphoacetate, sodium lauryl sulphoacetate, or sodium lauryl sulphate). It is primarily used as a low-volume enema to treat constipation and to prepare the lower gastrointestinal tract for procedures like proctoscopy and radiography. > **Clinical Warning:** Not recommended for use in cases with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). **Clinical Pearl:** The monograph text lists "450 ml sodium citrate" per micro-enema, which is likely a typographical error in the source material for 450 **mg**, as these are typically 5 ml low-volume micro-enemas.
Mecanismo: Acts as an **osmotic laxative** → causes water to be retained within the lumen of the GI tract. The addition of a stool softener lowers surface tension → augments the laxative action by allowing water to penetrate and soften the feces.
Dosificación por especie
- Constipation / Lower GI tract preparation · 1 enema inserted per rectum to full length of nozzle · Rectal · As needed · Single dose · Used for all indications (constipation, proctoscopy/radiography prep)
- Constipation / Lower GI tract preparation · 1 enema inserted per rectum to full length of nozzle · Rectal · As needed · Single dose · Used for all indications (constipation, proctoscopy/radiography prep)
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para veterinarios colegiados. Confirme siempre con la ficha técnica vigente y el paciente individual.
Vías de administración
Contraindicaciones
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
Efectos adversos
- Water and electrolyte disturbances (uncommon)
Monitorización
- Fecal output and consistency
- Hydration status
- Electrolyte levels (if used repeatedly)
Sobredosis
Excessive or repeated use may lead to severe **water and electrolyte disturbances**, including dehydration and hypernatremia. Treatment is supportive, focusing on rehydration and electrolyte correction.
La referencia de fármacos de VetSheet está destinada a veterinarios colegiados como apoyo a la decisión clínica, no sustituye el juicio profesional ni la ficha técnica vigente del fabricante.