Terbinafina
Terbinafine
Terbinafine Hydrochloride
También conocido como: Lamisil · Terbinex · Alamil · Daskil · Daskyl · DesenexMax · Finex · Maditez · Micosil · Terekol · Osurnia · Terbinafine hydrochloride · Terbinafinum
Revisado por el equipo veterinario de VetSheetActualizado 5 abr 2026Referencia veterinaria basada en la evidencia
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Dosis por especie
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
Perros
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dermatophytic infections | 10-20 mg/kg | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Dermatophytic infections (when other drugs are not tolerated) | 25 mg/kg | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of nasal Aspergillus infections (if cribriform plate is penetrated) | 5-10 mg/kg | PO | q12h | 3-6 months | 🌎 NA |
| Pythiosis (where advanced disease precludes complete surgical excision) | 10 mg/kg | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Lagendiosis (where disease precludes complete surgical excision) | 5-10 mg/kg | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Antifungal (Systemic/Dermatophytosis) | 20-40 mg/kg | PO | q24h | Not specified | 🌍 EU |
| Localized Malassezia infections | Apply a thin layer | topical | Not specified | Not specified | 🌍 EU |
| Acute otitis externa (S. pseudintermedius, M. pachydermatis) | 1 tube per infected ear | topical | Repeat after 7 days | 2 doses total | 🌍 EU |
- Dermatophytic infections: Appears to be better tolerated than either ketoconazole or itraconazole.
- Adjunctive treatment of nasal Aspergillus infections (if cribriform plate is penetrated): Used with topical therapy.
- Pythiosis (where advanced disease precludes complete surgical excision): Given concurrently with itraconazole (10 mg/kg PO twice daily).
- Lagendiosis (where disease precludes complete surgical excision): Given concurrently with itraconazole (10 mg/kg PO q24h) and repeated aggressive surgical resection.
- Antifungal (Systemic/Dermatophytosis): Doses greater than 30 mg/kg may be required to reach therapeutic levels in the skin of dogs.
- Localized Malassezia infections: Use 1% cream.
- Acute otitis externa (S. pseudintermedius, M. pachydermatis): Ear gel should be instilled in a cleaned ear. Maximum clinical response may not be seen until 21 days after the second administration.
Gatos
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dermatophytic infections (Pulse therapy) | 20 mg/kg | PO | q24h | 7 days on, then 21 days off | 🌎 NA |
| Dermatophytic infections | 10-20 mg/kg | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Dermatophytic infections (when other drugs are not tolerated) | 25 mg/kg | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Dermatophyte (M. canis) mycetomas | 26-31 mg/kg | PO | q24h | 12-14 weeks | 🌎 NA |
| Cryptococcal infections (azole-resistant) | 10 mg/kg | PO | q24h | Life-long | 🌎 NA |
| Antifungal (Systemic/Dermatophytosis) | 20-40 mg/kg | PO | q24h | Not specified | 🌍 EU |
| Localized Malassezia infections | Apply a thin layer | topical | Not specified | Not specified | 🌍 EU |
- Dermatophytic infections (Pulse therapy): Maintained terbinafine concentrations in hair above therapeutic levels. Higher doses (40 mg/kg) or continuous administration caused emesis and elevated hepatic enzymes.
- Dermatophytic infections: Appears to be better tolerated than either ketoconazole or itraconazole.
- Dermatophyte (M. canis) mycetomas: Achieved clinical and mycological cure in a case report of two cats.
- Cryptococcal infections (azole-resistant): Can rectify clinical signs, though cats with CNS cryptococcus usually require treatment for life.
- Localized Malassezia infections: Use 1% cream.
Aves
| Indicación | Dosis | Vía | Frecuencia | Duración | Región |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avian mycotic infections (Aspergillus) | 10-15 mg/kg | PO | q12-24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Avian mycotic infections (Aspergillus) | 1 mg/mL aqueous solution | Nebulization | Not specified | — | 🌎 NA |
| Avian mycotic infections | 10-15 mg/kg | PO | q12-24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Avian mycotic infections | 1 mg/mL | Nebulization | Not specified | — | 🌎 NA |
| Aspergillosis (suspected via leukocytosis and pulmonary nodules) | 10-15 mg/kg | PO | q12h | 4 weeks | 🌎 NA |
- Avian mycotic infections (Aspergillus): Appears to be well tolerated by a number of avian species.
- Avian mycotic infections: Suspend a 250 mg tablet in 25 mL water. Can be used in combination with itraconazole.
- Avian mycotic infections: Mix 500 mg terbinafine plus 1 mL Mucomyst plus 500 mL of distilled water.
Las dosis son una referencia clínica para profesionales veterinarios autorizados. Confirme siempre con el prospecto actual y cada paciente individual.
Resumen
La terbinafina es un agente antifúngico sintético de la clase de las alilaminas disponible tanto en formulaciones orales como tópicas.
Características clínicas clave:
- Uso principal: Altamente eficaz contra infecciones dermatofíticas (p. ej., Microsporum, Trichophyton) en perros y gatos. También se utiliza para infecciones micóticas sistémicas como Aspergillus, particularmente en especies aviares.
- Perfil de interacción favorable: A diferencia de los antifúngicos azólicos (p. ej., ketoconazol, itraconazol), la terbinafina no depende del sistema enzimático del citocromo P-450 para su mecanismo principal, lo que resulta en significativamente menos interacciones medicamentosas y sin supresión de la síntesis de testosterona o cortisol en mamíferos.
- Perla farmacológica: La terbinafina es altamente lipofílica y queratinofílica. Se distribuye extensamente en la piel, el sebo y los folículos pilosos, persistiendo en estos tejidos a concentraciones terapéuticas durante semanas incluso después de suspender la terapia (lo que permite protocolos de terapia de pulso).
- Tolerabilidad: Generalmente muy bien tolerada en pacientes veterinarios, siendo el malestar gastrointestinal leve (vómitos) el efecto adverso reportado con mayor frecuencia.
Mecanismo de acción
Terbinafine exerts its antifungal activity by interfering with fungal sterol biosynthesis at an early stage.
- It selectively and reversibly inhibits the fungal enzyme squalene monooxygenase (also known as squalene 2,3-epoxidase).
- This blockade prevents the conversion of squalene to lanosterol → leading to a profound deficiency of ergosterol (a critical component of the fungal cell membrane).
- Simultaneously, the inhibition causes an intracellular accumulation of squalene, which is directly toxic to the fungal cell, leading to rapid cell death.
This dual mechanism makes terbinafine primarily fungicidal against dermatophytes, though it may only be fungistatic against certain yeasts like Candida spp.
Seguridad y advertencias
Contraindicaciones
- Known hypersensitivity to terbinafine
- Active or chronic liver disease
- Significantly impaired renal function
- Perforated eardrum (for ear gel administration)
- Generalized demodicosis (topical or systemic use)
- Pregnant animals
- Breeding animals
Efectos adversos
- Vomiting
- Inappetence
- Diarrhea
- Lethargy (reported in cats)
- Hepatotoxicity / Liver failure (very rare, reported in humans)
- Neutropenia (very rare, reported in humans)
- Serious skin reactions like Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome (very rare, reported in humans)
- Diarrhoea
- Increased liver enzymes
- Pruritus (cats)
- Topical irritation (due to alcohol content in topical solutions)
- Transient deafness or impaired hearing (in elderly dogs after administration of ear gel)
Precauciones
Hepatic and Renal Warning: Use with extreme caution, if at all, in patients with markedly impaired liver or renal function. Dosage adjustments should be considered if use is unavoidable.
- Pregnancy/Nursing: Definitive safety in pregnancy has not been established (FDA Category B in humans). The manufacturer recommends against use in pregnant or nursing individuals, as the drug concentrates in maternal milk at levels 7 times higher than plasma. Use with caution in nursing veterinary patients.
Interacciones farmacológicas
Terbinafine may increase the elimination and decrease the efficacy of cyclosporine.
May increase terbinafine clearance, potentially requiring higher terbinafine doses.
Terbinafine shares the CYP2D6 metabolic pathway and could theoretically alter the metabolism of beta-blockers.
Terbinafine shares the CYP2D6 metabolic pathway and could theoretically alter the metabolism of MAOIs.
Terbinafine shares the CYP2D6 metabolic pathway and could theoretically alter the metabolism of SSRIs.
Terbinafine shares the CYP2D6 metabolic pathway and could theoretically alter the metabolism of TCAs.
May decrease the clearance of terbinafine, potentially increasing plasma concentrations (Clinical Pearl)
Monitorización
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of fungal lesions)
- Baseline liver enzymes prior to therapy
- Periodic liver enzyme monitoring as needed, especially during long-term treatment
- CBC (baseline and periodic)
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST, Bilirubin)
- Renal function tests
- Clinical response (skin scrapings, fungal cultures)
Farmacocinética
Vida media
Absorción
In humans, oral absorption is >70%, but first-pass metabolism reduces bioavailability to about 40%. Food may slightly enhance absorption.
Distribución
Highly lipophilic and keratinophilic. Distributes extensively into the skin, sebum, and adipose tissue, where it can persist for very long periods. >99% bound to plasma proteins.
Metabolismo
Metabolized in the liver.
Eliminación
Eliminated primarily after hepatic metabolism.
Sobredosis
There is limited information regarding acute toxicity in veterinary species. In humans, acute ingestions of up to 5 grams have been reported without serious adverse effects. Treatment of massive overdose should be supportive and symptomatic.
Productos disponibles
Formulaciones
- Oral granules
- Aqueous solution (for nebulization)
- 250 mg oral tablets
- 1% topical cream
- 1% topical gel
- 1% topical spray
- 10 mg ear gel (combination product containing terbinafine, florfenicol, and betamethasone)
Veterinario
- Osurnia ear gel (10 mg terbinafine, florfenicol, betamethasone)
Etiquetado para humanos
- Terbinafine HCl Oral Tablets: 250 mg (Lamisil, Terbinex, generic)
- Terbinafine HCl Oral Granules (film-coated): 125 mg/packet & 187.5 mg/packet (Lamisil)
- Topical cream 1%
- Topical spray 1%
- Lamisil 250 mg tablets
- Lamisil 1% cream
- Lamisil 1% gel
- Lamisil 1% spray
Estado regulador
POM-V
POM-V, POM
Sin datos reguladores para: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
Almacenamiento y estabilidad
Store tablets at room temperature in tight containers; protect from light.
Información para el cliente
Información importante para los propietarios de mascotas
- Administración: Se recomienda encarecidamente administrar este medicamento con comida. Esto ayuda a aumentar la absorción y reduce significativamente la posibilidad de malestar estomacal o vómitos.
- Duración del tratamiento: Las infecciones fúngicas (como la tiña) tardan tiempo en sanar. Es posible que deba administrar este medicamento durante varias semanas o meses. No suspenda el tratamiento antes de tiempo, incluso si su mascota parece estar mejor, a menos que su veterinario se lo indique.
- Qué observar: La terbinafina es generalmente muy segura. Sin embargo, contacte a su veterinario si su mascota experimenta vómitos persistentes, pérdida de apetito, diarrea severa o cansancio extremo.
- Signos raros pero graves: En casos muy raros, este medicamento puede afectar el hígado. Llame a su veterinario inmediatamente si nota una coloración amarillenta en los ojos, las encías o la piel (ictericia).
- Costo: Tenga en cuenta que un tratamiento completo puede ser relativamente costoso, aunque las opciones genéricas lo han hecho más asequible.
La referencia de medicamentos de VetSheet está destinada a profesionales veterinarios autorizados como ayuda para la toma de decisiones clínicas, no como sustituto del criterio profesional ni del prospecto actual del fabricante.