アトラクリウムベシル酸塩

Atracurium Besylate

Atracurium besylate

別名: Tracrium · Abbottracurium · Faulcurium · Ifacur · Laurak · Mycurium · Relatrac · Sitrac · Trablok · 33A74 · atracurium besilate · BW-33A

VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス

0.2 mg/kg IV initial dose; subsequent doses 0.1 mg/kg IVIV· every 20-30 minutes

体重— 🐕

用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。

動物種別用量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

犬

適応	用量	経路	頻度	期間	地域
Critically ill patients when low concentrations of, or no inhalant anesthesia can be used	0.2 mg/kg IV initial dose; subsequent doses 0.1 mg/kg IV	IV	every 20-30 minutes	—	🌎 NA
Neuromuscular blockade augmentation during corneal surgery	0.15 mg/kg IV	IV	Single dose	—	🌎 NA
Muscle relaxant to facilitate intubation in patients with severe blunt trauma	0.25 mg/kg IV push	IV	Single dose	—	🌎 NA
Induction of respiratory muscle paralysis during mechanical ventilation	Loading dose: 0.2-0.5 mg/kg IV, then a constant rate infusion 5 minutes later of 3-9 micrograms/kg/min	IV	CRI	—	🌎 NA

Critically ill patients when low concentrations of, or no inhalant anesthesia can be used: Do not dose more frequently than every 20-30 minutes unless a peripheral nerve stimulator is applied, or voluntary movement is observed. Positive pressure ventilation required.
Muscle relaxant to facilitate intubation in patients with severe blunt trauma: Given if patient requires intubation after IV acepromazine (0.01 mg/kg) + butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg) + ketamine (1 mg/kg).
Induction of respiratory muscle paralysis during mechanical ventilation: Use D5W or 0.9% sodium chloride for diluent; do not mix with other drugs. Respiratory and cardiovascular monitoring should be provided.

猫

適応	用量	経路	頻度	期間	地域
Induction dose	0.22 mg/kg IV	IV	Single dose	—	🌎 NA
Intraoperative dose	0.11 mg/kg IV	IV	As needed	—	🌎 NA
Induction of respiratory muscle paralysis during mechanical ventilation	Loading dose: 0.2-0.5 mg/kg IV, then a constant rate infusion 5 minutes later of 0.37 micrograms/kg/min	IV	CRI	—	🌎 NA
Critically ill patients when low concentrations of, or no inhalant anesthesia can be used	0.2 mg/kg IV initial dose; subsequent doses 0.1 mg/kg IV	IV	every 20-30 minutes	—	🌎 NA

Induction dose: Give 1/10th to 1/6th of this dose initially as a 'priming' dose, followed 4-6 minutes later with the remainder and a sedative/hypnotic agent.
Induction of respiratory muscle paralysis during mechanical ventilation: Use D5W or 0.9% sodium chloride for diluent; do not mix with other drugs.
Critically ill patients when low concentrations of, or no inhalant anesthesia can be used: Do not dose more frequently than every 20-30 minutes unless a peripheral nerve stimulator is applied. Positive pressure ventilation required.

小型哺乳類

適応	用量	経路	頻度	期間	地域
Paralysis for periophthalmic surgery (Rabbits)	0.1 mg/kg	IV	Single dose	—	🌎 NA

馬

適応	用量	経路	頻度	期間	地域
Intraoperative dose	0.055 mg/kg IV	IV	As needed	—	🌎 NA

Intraoperative dose: Note: ARCI UCGFS Class 2 Drug. Atracurium is more potent in horses than in other species.

用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。

診察中ですか？VetSheet の AI が薬剤・用量・投与期間を構造化された診察記録に直接記入します。VetSheet の仕組みを見る

概要

アトラクリウムは、主に全身麻酔の補助として使用される、広く利用されている非脱分極性神経筋遮断薬です。外科手術、気管挿管、および人工呼吸を容易にするために、強力な骨格筋弛緩を提供します。

臨床上の重要なポイント：

臓器非依存性の消失： アトラクリウムはホフマン脱離およびエステル加水分解によって代謝されるため、重篤な腎疾患または肝疾患を有する患者にとって非常に有用です。
鎮痛・鎮静作用なし： 患者を麻痺させますが、鎮痛作用や意識消失作用は全くありません。単独の薬剤として使用してはなりません。
心血管系の安定性： 標準用量では、古い神経筋遮断薬と比較して心血管系への影響は最小限ですが、まれにヒスタミン遊離を引き起こすことがあります。
動物種による感受性： 馬では他の動物種よりも効力が高いことが知られています。

作用機序

Atracurium acts by competitively binding to nicotinic cholinergic receptors at the motor end-plate of the neuromuscular junction.

By occupying these receptors, it prevents acetylcholine (ACh) from binding → inhibits depolarization of the muscle cell membrane → results in flaccid paralysis of skeletal muscles.

Because it is a competitive antagonist, its effects can be reversed by increasing the concentration of ACh at the neuromuscular junction (e.g., by administering acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like neostigmine or edrophonium).

安全性・警告

禁忌

Hypersensitivity to atracurium
Relative contraindication: Myasthenia gravis
Lack of ventilatory support (must have mechanical ventilation available)

有害事象

Allergic reactions
Inadequate or prolonged neuromuscular block
Hypotension
Vasodilation
Bradycardia
Tachycardia
Dyspnea
Bronchospasm
Laryngospasm
Rash
Urticaria
Injection site reaction

注意事項

CRITICAL WARNING: Atracurium has NO analgesic or sedative/anesthetic actions. Patients must be appropriately sedated/anesthetized and provided with analgesia.

Ventilation: Positive pressure ventilation (preferably mechanical) is absolutely required when using this drug.
Histamine Release: May rarely cause significant histamine release; use with caution in patients where this would be hazardous (e.g., severe cardiovascular disease, asthma).
Myasthenia Gravis: Use with extreme caution, or not at all, in patients suffering from myasthenia gravis.
Vagal Tone: Has minimal cardiac effects and will not counteract bradycardia or vagal stimulation induced by other anesthetic agents.

医薬品相互作用

Aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g., gentamicin)

May enhance the neuromuscular blocking activity of atracurium

General anesthetics (enflurane, isoflurane, halothane, sevoflurane)

May enhance and prolong the neuromuscular blocking activity

Bacitracin, Polymyxin B (systemic)