セフチオフル結晶遊離酸
セフチオフル結晶遊離酸（CCFA）は、持続性の獣医専用**第3世代セファロスポリン**です。綿実油ベースに配合されており、1回の注射で数日間にわたる徐放効果をもたらします。 - **広域スペクトル：** 主要なグラム陰性および陽性の呼吸器病原体に対して高い有効性を示します。 - **対象動物：** 牛（牛呼吸器病および趾間腐爛）、豚（豚呼吸器病）、馬（動物の化膿レンサ球菌による下気道感染症）での使用がFDAに承認されています。 - **臨床的利点：** 1回の投与（牛・豚）または2回の投与（馬）で治療コースが完了するため、コンプライアンスが向上し、動物へのストレスを軽減します。
作用機序: Like other beta-lactam antibiotics, ceftiofur is a **time-dependent, bactericidal** agent. - It binds to **penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)** → inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking → disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis → activates autolysins → cell lysis and death. - After administration, the parent compound is rapidly cleaved into furoic acid and **desfuroylceftiofur** (the primary active metabolite). - Desfuroylceftiofur is equally potent to the parent drug and exhibits a spectrum of activity similar to cefotaxime. High protein binding creates a 'reservoir effect' to maintain active drug levels at the site of infection.
動物種別の用量
- BRD treatment (Beef and lactating cattle) · 3 mg per lb (6.6 mg ceftiofur equivalents per kg) body weight (1.5 mL sterile suspension per 100 lb body weight) · SC · Single dose · Single dose · Administer as a single SC injection in the posterior aspect of the ear where it attaches to the head at the base of the ear (BOE).
- BRD treatment (Beef and non-lactating dairy cattle) · 6.6 mg ceftiofur equivalents/kg body weight (1.5 mL sterile suspension per 100 lb body weight) · SC · Single dose · Single dose · Administer as a single SC injection in the middle third of the posterior aspect of the ear.
- BRD control (Beef and non-lactating dairy cattle) · 6.6 mg ceftiofur equivalents (CE)/kg body weight (1.5 mL sterile suspension per 100 lb body weight) · SC · Single dose · Single dose · Administer as a SC injection either in the middle third of the posterior aspect of the ear or at the base of the ear.
- Lower respiratory tract infections caused by susceptible strains of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus · 6.6 mg/kg IM; repeat in 4 days · IM · repeat in 4 days · 2 doses total · A maximum of 20 mL per injection site may be administered. Shake well before using.
- Swine respiratory disease (SRD) · 2.27 mg ceftiofur equivalents (CE) per lb (5 mg CE/kg) body weight · IM · Single dose · Single dose · Administer in the post-auricular region of the neck. No more than 2 mL should be injected in a single injection site. Pigs heavier than 88 lb (40 kg) will require more than one injection.
用量は獣医療従事者向けの臨床リファレンスです。必ず最新の添付文書と個々の患者で確認してください。
投与経路
禁忌
- Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporins
- Use with caution in patients with documented hypersensitivity to other beta-lactams (penicillins, carbapenems)
- Do not use in pre-ruminating calves to be processed for veal
有害事象
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rashes, fever, eosinophilia, anaphylaxis)
- Granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia (rare)
- Diarrhea, soft or loose stools (especially in horses)
- Injection site reactions: swelling, thickening, aseptic cellular infiltrate, discoloration
- Sudden death in cattle if injected into ear arteries
薬物相互作用
- Aminoglycosides / Nephrotoxic drugs · Potential additive nephrotoxicity. Do not mix in the same syringe or IV line.
- Probenecid · Competitively blocks the tubular secretion of most cephalosporins, thereby increasing serum levels and serum half-lives.
モニタリング
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of respiratory signs within 3-5 days)
- Injection site reactions (swelling, inflammation)
- Fecal consistency (monitor for diarrhea, especially in horses)
- CBC (if used off-label in small animals)
- Renal function in patients with pre-existing renal compromise
過量投与
Cephalosporin overdoses are unlikely to cause significant systemic toxicity other than **gastrointestinal distress** and potential injection site reactions. > **Regulatory Warning:** Use of dosages in excess of labeled recommendations (e.g., >6.6 mg/kg in cattle or >5 mg/kg in swine) or administration by unapproved routes (e.g., SC in the neck or IM in cattle) will likely cause **violative tissue residues**. Contact FARAD for assistance in determining appropriate extended withdrawal times if an overdose occurs.
VetSheet の薬剤リファレンスは、獣医療従事者向けの臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断やメーカーの最新添付文書に代わるものではありません。