セフチオフル結晶遊離酸
Ceftiofur Crystalline Free Acid
別名: Excede · CCFA · CM-31916 · ceftiofuri
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
馬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower respiratory tract infections caused by susceptible strains of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus | 6.6 mg/kg IM; repeat in 4 days | IM | repeat in 4 days | 2 doses total | 🌎 NA |
- Lower respiratory tract infections caused by susceptible strains of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus: A maximum of 20 mL per injection site may be administered. Shake well before using.
牛
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRD treatment (Beef and lactating cattle) | 3 mg per lb (6.6 mg ceftiofur equivalents per kg) body weight (1.5 mL sterile suspension per 100 lb body weight) | SC | Single dose | Single dose | 🌎 NA |
| BRD treatment (Beef and non-lactating dairy cattle) | 6.6 mg ceftiofur equivalents/kg body weight (1.5 mL sterile suspension per 100 lb body weight) | SC | Single dose | Single dose | 🌎 NA |
| BRD control (Beef and non-lactating dairy cattle) | 6.6 mg ceftiofur equivalents (CE)/kg body weight (1.5 mL sterile suspension per 100 lb body weight) | SC | Single dose | Single dose | 🌎 NA |
- BRD treatment (Beef and lactating cattle): Administer as a single SC injection in the posterior aspect of the ear where it attaches to the head at the base of the ear (BOE).
- BRD treatment (Beef and non-lactating dairy cattle): Administer as a single SC injection in the middle third of the posterior aspect of the ear.
- BRD control (Beef and non-lactating dairy cattle): Administer as a SC injection either in the middle third of the posterior aspect of the ear or at the base of the ear.
豚
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swine respiratory disease (SRD) | 2.27 mg ceftiofur equivalents (CE) per lb (5 mg CE/kg) body weight | IM | Single dose | Single dose | 🌎 NA |
- Swine respiratory disease (SRD): Administer in the post-auricular region of the neck. No more than 2 mL should be injected in a single injection site. Pigs heavier than 88 lb (40 kg) will require more than one injection.
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
セフチオフル結晶遊離酸（CCFA）は、持続性の獣医専用第3世代セファロスポリンです。綿実油ベースに配合されており、1回の注射で数日間にわたる徐放効果をもたらします。
- 広域スペクトル： 主要なグラム陰性および陽性の呼吸器病原体に対して高い有効性を示します。
- 対象動物： 牛（牛呼吸器病および趾間腐爛）、豚（豚呼吸器病）、馬（動物の化膿レンサ球菌による下気道感染症）での使用がFDAに承認されています。
- 臨床的利点： 1回の投与（牛・豚）または2回の投与（馬）で治療コースが完了するため、コンプライアンスが向上し、動物へのストレスを軽減します。
作用機序
Like other beta-lactam antibiotics, ceftiofur is a time-dependent, bactericidal agent.
- It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) → inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking → disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis → activates autolysins → cell lysis and death.
- After administration, the parent compound is rapidly cleaved into furoic acid and desfuroylceftiofur (the primary active metabolite).
- Desfuroylceftiofur is equally potent to the parent drug and exhibits a spectrum of activity similar to cefotaxime. High protein binding creates a 'reservoir effect' to maintain active drug levels at the site of infection.
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporins
- Use with caution in patients with documented hypersensitivity to other beta-lactams (penicillins, carbapenems)
- Do not use in pre-ruminating calves to be processed for veal
有害事象
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rashes, fever, eosinophilia, anaphylaxis)
- Granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia (rare)
- Diarrhea, soft or loose stools (especially in horses)
- Injection site reactions: swelling, thickening, aseptic cellular infiltrate, discoloration
- Sudden death in cattle if injected into ear arteries
注意事項
CRITICAL WARNING: Administration of ceftiofur free acid into the ear arteries is likely to result in sudden death in cattle.
- Human Safety: Avoid direct contact with skin, eyes, mouth, and clothing. Wear latex gloves to prevent sensitization. Persons with known penicillin/cephalosporin hypersensitivity should avoid exposure.
- Residue Warnings: Strictly observe slaughter withdrawal times (13 days for cattle, 14 days for swine). Extra-label use or exceeding maximum injection volumes per site may result in violative residues.
- Equine Precautions: If acute diarrhea is observed, do not administer additional doses and initiate appropriate therapy. Not evaluated in horses <4 months of age, or breeding, pregnant, or lactating horses. Due to prolonged clearance (~17 days to eliminate 97%), adverse reactions may require prolonged care.
医薬品相互作用
Potential additive nephrotoxicity. Do not mix in the same syringe or IV line.
Competitively blocks the tubular secretion of most cephalosporins, thereby increasing serum levels and serum half-lives.
監視
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of respiratory signs within 3-5 days)
- Injection site reactions (swelling, inflammation)
- Fecal consistency (monitor for diarrhea, especially in horses)
- CBC (if used off-label in small animals)
- Renal function in patients with pre-existing renal compromise
薬物動態
半減期
吸収
Cattle (SC): Provides therapeutic concentrations above MIC90 for generally not less than 150 hours. Swine (IM): Therapeutic levels reached within 1 hour and maintained for an average of 8 days. Horses (IM): Slowly absorbed; peak serum level at ~22 hours (first dose) and ~16 hours (second dose), maintaining therapeutic levels for 10 days.
分布
High protein binding creates a 'reservoir effect' to maintain active levels at the site of infection.
代謝
Rapidly cleaved into furoic acid and desfuroylceftiofur (the primary active metabolite).
消失
Horses: Approximately 17 days are needed to eliminate 97% of the dose from the body.
過剰投与
Cephalosporin overdoses are unlikely to cause significant systemic toxicity other than gastrointestinal distress and potential injection site reactions.
Regulatory Warning: Use of dosages in excess of labeled recommendations (e.g., >6.6 mg/kg in cattle or >5 mg/kg in swine) or administration by unapproved routes (e.g., SC in the neck or IM in cattle) will likely cause violative tissue residues. Contact FARAD for assistance in determining appropriate extended withdrawal times if an overdose occurs.
製品
製剤
- Sterile suspension (100 mg/mL ceftiofur equivalents)
- Sterile suspension (200 mg/mL ceftiofur equivalents)
動物用医薬品
- Ceftiofur Crystalline Free Acid equivalent to 200 mg/mL ceftiofur in 100 mL vials (Excede for Cattle/Horses)
- Ceftiofur Crystalline Free Acid equivalent to 100 mg/mL ceftiofur in 100 mL vials (Excede for Swine)
規制ステータス
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Store at controlled room temperature 20-25°C (68-77°F). Shake well before using. Contents should be used within 12 weeks after the first dose is removed.
飼主向け情報
馬の飼い主様へ：
- 下痢に注意： この薬の投与後に馬に軟便や下痢が見られた場合は、直ちに獣医師に連絡し、2回目の投与は行わないでください。
- 注射部位の腫れ： 注射部位に軽度の腫れや痛みが生じることがあります。患部を観察し、重度または排液を伴う病変があれば報告してください。
- 持続的な作用： この薬は体内に長期間（2週間以上）留まるように設計されています。そのため、副作用が生じた場合は長期の獣医学的ケアが必要になることがあります。
畜産農家の方へ：
- 休薬期間： 食肉への違法な薬物残留を防ぐため、休薬期間（牛は13日、豚は14日）を厳守してください。
- 搾乳の廃棄： 搾乳牛において、ラベルの指示通りに耳の付け根に投与した場合のみ、搾乳の廃棄期間はゼロ日となります。
- 注射技術： 安全性を確保し、枝肉のトリミングロスを防ぐためには、適切な注射技術と部位の選択が極めて重要です。
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