クロプロステノールナトリウム
Cloprostenol Sodium
Cloprostenol sodium
別名: Estrumate · estroPLAN · ICI-80996
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
犬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunctive treatment of open cervix pyometra | 1-5 micrograms/kg (0.001-0.005 mg/kg) | Not specified | once per day | Up to 2-3 weeks | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of open cervix pyometra | 1 microgram/kg | SC | every 5 days | for 15 days (if not cured earlier) | 🌎 NA |
| Pregnancy termination | 1-2.5 micrograms/kg | SC | once daily | for 4-7 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pregnancy termination | 1-2.5 micrograms/kg | SC | every 48 hours | for three doses | 🌎 NA |
- Adjunctive treatment of open cervix pyometra: When starting treatment, start with one-half the normal dosage and gradually achieve the full dose within 2-3 days.
- Adjunctive treatment of open cervix pyometra: Give not during feeding. Use with aglepristone at 10 mg/kg SC every 5 days until cured. Give Clavamox (12.5 mg/kg PO twice daily) and supportive hydration throughout protocol.
- Pregnancy termination: Successful in terminating pregnancy in dogs after 30 days gestation.
- Pregnancy termination: At higher dose (2.5 mg/kg); appears very effective starting at 30 days of pregnancy. Anticholinergic drug administration (e.g., atropine) 15 minutes prior to dosing appears to lessen adverse effects.
馬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To cause abortion prior to the twelfth day of gestation | 100 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For luteolysis and to stimulate uterine contractions | 250 micrograms (total dose) | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For luteolysis | 25-250 micrograms (0.1-1 mL) | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| As an ecbolic | 250 micrograms (1 mL) | IM | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- To cause abortion prior to the twelfth day of gestation: Most effective day 7 or 8 post estrus. Mare will usually return to estrus within 5 days.
- For luteolysis and to stimulate uterine contractions: Research has shown that 1/10th of a dose can still cause luteolysis and if given on once or on two consecutive days can avoid side effects.
- For luteolysis: Should not be used more than one day after ovulation because it can damage the corpus luteum and reduce progesterone.
牛
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For treatment of pyometra | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For pyometra or chronic endometritis, mummified fetus, luteal cysts | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For unobserved or undetected estrus in cows with continued ovarian cyclicity and a mature corpus luteum | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For abortion, from one week after mating to approximately the 150th day of gestation | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For controlled breeding (Single injection method) | 500 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| For controlled breeding (Double injection method) | 500 micrograms | IM | Repeat dose 11 days later | — | 🌎 NA |
- For treatment of pyometra: Up to 97% efficacy.
- For pyometra or chronic endometritis, mummified fetus, luteal cysts: Manual assistance may be required to remove mummified fetus from vagina.
- For unobserved or undetected estrus in cows with continued ovarian cyclicity and a mature corpus luteum: Estrus should commence in 2-5 days at which time the animal may be inseminated. If estrus detection is not possible, inseminate twice at 72 and 96 hours post injection.
- For abortion, from one week after mating to approximately the 150th day of gestation: Abortion generally takes place in 4-5 days after injection.
- For controlled breeding (Single injection method): Use only animals with mature corpus luteum. Inseminate at usual time after detecting estrus, or once at 72 hours, or twice at 72 and 96 hours post injection.
- For controlled breeding (Double injection method): Estrus should occur in 2-5 days after second injection.
豚
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To induce parturition in sows | 175 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
- To induce parturition in sows: Give 2 days or less before anticipated date of farrowing. Farrowing generally occurs in approximately 36 hours after injection.
ヤギ
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To induce parturition in does | 62.5-125 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| To treat pseudopregnancy (hydrometra/mucometra) | 125 micrograms | IM | once | — | 🌎 NA |
- To induce parturition in does: Give at 144 days of gestation in early morning. Deliveries will peak at 30-35 hours after injection. Maintain goat in usual surroundings and minimize outside disturbances.
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
クロプロステノールナトリウムは、強力な黄体退行作用を持つ合成プロスタグランジンF2α（PGF2α）アナログであり、獣医療で広く使用されています。天然のジノプロストと構造的に関連していますが、より強力で作用時間が長いです。
- 大動物： 牛、馬、豚の繁殖において、発情同期化、分娩誘起、および黄体嚢腫、ミイラ化胎子、慢性子宮内膜炎などの生殖器疾患の管理に不可欠です。
- 小動物： 犬では、妊娠中絶や開放性子宮蓄膿症の内科的治療として適応外使用されます。
臨床のポイント： 合成アナログであるため、馬では天然のPGF2α（ジノプロスト）と比較して全身性の副作用が少ないことが多いですが、犬では依然として顕著なコリン作動性副作用（アトロピンなどの抗コリン薬の事前投与で軽減可能）が見られる場合があります。
作用機序
Cloprostenol acts as a potent agonist at prostaglandin F (FP) receptors.
- Luteolysis: Binds to FP receptors on the corpus luteum (CL) → induces rapid functional and structural regression (luteolysis) → sharp decline in progesterone production. This drop in progesterone removes the negative feedback on the hypothalamus/pituitary, allowing a return to estrus, or induces abortion/parturition depending on the stage of gestation.
- Myometrial Contraction: Directly stimulates FP receptors on uterine smooth muscle → increases intracellular calcium → powerful, rhythmic uterine contractions (ecbolic effect).
- Cervical Relaxation: Concurrently promotes relaxation and dilation of the cervix, facilitating the expulsion of uterine contents (e.g., fetus, purulent material in pyometra).
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Pregnancy (when abortion or induced parturition are not desired)
- Intravenous (IV) administration
有害事象
- Increased salivation (dogs)
- Tachycardia (dogs)
- Increased urination and defecation (dogs)
- Gagging and vomiting (dogs)
- Ataxia and mild depression (dogs)
- Sweating (horses)
- Cramping and loose stools (horses)
- Increased risk of dystocia if used after 5th month of gestation (cattle)
注意事項
Women of child-bearing age, pregnant women, and persons with asthma or other respiratory diseases should use extreme caution when handling cloprostenol, as the drug may induce abortion or acute bronchoconstriction. Cloprostenol is readily absorbed through the skin and must be washed off immediately with soap and water. Do not administer IV.
医薬品相互作用
Activity may be enhanced by cloprostenol
監視
- Resolution of clinical signs (e.g., clearance of pyometra)
- Estrus behavior and timing
- Confirmation of pregnancy termination/abortion
- Adverse cholinergic effects in dogs (salivation, vomiting, heart rate)
薬物動態
吸収
Readily absorbed through the skin.
過剰投与
In cattle, doses of 50 and 100 times those recommended may cause signs of uneasiness, slight frothing, and milk let-down.
In small animals, overdoses of cloprostenol or other synthetic prostaglandin F2α analogs reportedly can result in severe shock and death.
製品
製剤
- Injection (250 micrograms/mL)
動物用医薬品
- Cloprostenol Sodium Injection equivalent to 250 micrograms/mL cloprostenol in 20 mL vials (Estrumate, estroPLAN)
ヒト用医薬品
- None
規制ステータス
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Store at room temperature (15-30°C); protect from light.
飼主向け情報
人間の安全に関する重要な警告： クロプロステノールは皮膚から容易に吸収され、人間に深刻な副作用を引き起こす可能性があります。
- 妊婦、妊娠の可能性のある女性、喘息患者、および気管支疾患を持つ人は、本製品の取り扱いに細心の注意を払うか、完全に避ける必要があります。誤って接触すると、流産や急性の気管支痙攣（喘息発作）を誘発する恐れがあります。
- 誤って皮膚に触れた場合は、直ちに石鹸と水で洗い流してください。
- 本薬は、その使用法と安全上の注意事項に完全に精通した個人のみが取り扱い、投与する必要があります。
- 犬では、投与直後によだれ、嘔吐、排尿・排便の増加、パンティング（あえぎ呼吸）などの副作用が見られることがあります。獣医師は、これらの影響を最小限に抑えるために追加の薬を処方する場合があります。
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