エデト酸カルシウム二ナトリウム
Edetate Calcium Disodium
Calcium Disodium Ethylenediaminetetra-acetate
別名: Calcium Disodium Versenate · Calcium Vitis · Calciumedetat-Heyl · Chelante · Chelintox · Ledclair · CaEDTA · sodium calcium edetate · calcium disodium edathamil · calcium disodium edetate · calcium EDTA · disodium calcium tetracemate · E385
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
犬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning | 100 mg/kg SC divided into 4 daily doses in 5% dextrose for 5 days. May require second course of treatment, particularly if blood lead levels >0.10 ppm. Do not exceed 2 g/day and do not treat for more than 5 consecutive days. | SC | divided q6h | 5 days | 🌎 NA |
| Lead poisoning | 25 mg/kg SC four times daily for 5 days. Give as 1% solution in D5W. | SC | q6h | 5 days | 🌎 NA |
| Zinc toxicity | 100 mg/kg divided into four SC doses per day. Dilute in D5W to reduce local irritation at site of injection. | SC | divided q6h | Unknown | 🌎 NA |
| Lead or zinc toxicity | 25 mg/kg | SC | q6h | 2-5 days | 🌍 EU |
- Lead poisoning: Be sure there is no lead in GI tract before using.
- Lead poisoning: Provide a 5-7 day rest period between courses of treatment to minimize potential for nephrotoxicity.
- Zinc toxicity: Monitor serum zinc concentrations and maintain animal's hydration status.
- Lead or zinc toxicity: Dilute to 10 mg/ml in 5% dextrose before use. Total daily dose should not exceed 2 g. Dogs that respond slowly or have an initial blood lead level >4.5 μmol/l may need another 5-day course after a rest period of 5 days.
猫
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning | 27.5 mg/kg in 15 mL D5W SC four times daily for 5 days. | SC | q6h | 5 days | 🌎 NA |
| Lead or zinc toxicity | 25 mg/kg | SC | q6h | 2-5 days | 🌍 EU |
- Lead poisoning: Recheck blood lead 2-3 weeks later and repeat therapy if greater than 0.2 ppm.
- Lead or zinc toxicity: Dilute to 10 mg/ml in 5% dextrose before use. Total daily dose should not exceed 2 g.
小型哺乳類
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heavy metal toxicity (Chinchillas) | 30 mg/kg SC q12h | SC | q12h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
鳥
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning (Psittacines) | 35 mg/kg IM twice daily for 5-7 days. | IM | q12h | 5-7 days | 🌎 NA |
| Lead poisoning (Raptors/Falcons) | 100 mg/kg q12h for 5-25 consecutive days. (25% CaEDTA given undiluted IM) | IM | q12h | 5-25 days | 🌎 NA |
| Lead or zinc poisoning | 30-35 mg/kg IM q12h x 3-5 days, off 3-5 days, may repeat and/or use another chelator. | IM | q12h | 3-5 days | 🌎 NA |
- Lead poisoning (Psittacines): After initial therapy, may give orally until all lead fragments are dissolved and/or passed from GI tract.
- Lead poisoning (Raptors/Falcons): Treated if blood lead was >65 micrograms/dL for 5 day courses, until blood lead was <20 micrograms/dL.
- Lead or zinc poisoning: Maintain hydration. Do not give orally. Can be used IV short term (48 hrs) at 20-35 mg/kg diluted in saline.
馬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning | 75 mg/kg IV slowly in D5W or saline daily for 4-5 days (may divide daily dose into 2-3 administrations per day). | IV | q24h or divided q8-12h | 4-5 days | 🌎 NA |
- Lead poisoning: Stop therapy for 2 days and repeat for another 4-5 days. Give adequate supportive and nutritional therapy.
牛
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead poisoning | 110 mg/kg per day in 3-4 divided doses; dilute to 1 gram/mL in D5W; first dose IV, then subcutaneously | IV/SC | divided q6-8h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Lead poisoning | 67 mg/kg slow IV twice daily for 2 days; withhold dose for 2 days and then give again for 2 days. | IV | q12h | 2 days on, 2 days off, 2 days on | 🌎 NA |
| Lead poisoning | 73.3 mg/kg/day slow IV divided 2-3 times a day for 3-5 days. | IV | divided q8-12h | 3-5 days | 🌎 NA |
- Lead poisoning: FARAD recommends a 2 day meat and milk withdrawal time.
- Lead poisoning: Cattle may require 10-14 days to recover and may require several series of treatments.
- Lead poisoning: If additional therapy is required, a 2-day rest period followed by another 5-day treatment regimen is recommended.
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
エデト酸カルシウム二ナトリウム（CaEDTA）は、獣医学において主に鉛および亜鉛中毒の治療に使用される重金属キレート剤です。小動物の鉛中毒では、経口投与が可能で腎毒性が低いサクシマー（DMSA）が好まれるようになっていますが、大動物や鳥類においては依然として重要な注射用解毒剤です。
重要な臨床的注意点： 必ずカルシウム二ナトリウム型のEDTAを使用することが極めて重要です。カルシウムを含まないエデト酸二ナトリウム（Na2EDTA）を投与すると、患者の血清カルシウムを強力にキレートし、急速で致命的な低カルシウム血症を引き起こす恐れがあります。
CaEDTAは水溶性が高く、腎臓からの排泄に大きく依存するため、治療中は適切な水分補給と腎機能のモニタリングが不可欠です。
作用機序
CaEDTA works via competitive chelation. The calcium ion in the CaEDTA complex has a lower binding affinity than heavy metals. When introduced into the bloodstream, divalent or trivalent heavy metals (such as Pb2+ or Zn2+) displace the calcium:
CaEDTA + Pb2+ → PbEDTA + Ca2+
The resulting heavy metal-EDTA complex is highly stable, water-soluble, and is rapidly excreted by the kidneys into the urine.
- Theoretically, 1 gram of CaEDTA binds 620 mg of lead, but in vivo, only about 5 mg of lead is excreted per gram of drug.
- It effectively chelates lead and zinc, and to a lesser extent cadmium, copper, iron, and manganese.
- It is ineffective for mercury, gold, or arsenic poisoning.
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Patients with anuria
- Oral (PO) administration in the presence of lead in the GI tract (enhances absorption)
有害事象
- Renal toxicity (renal tubular necrosis)
- Depression (dogs)
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Zinc deficiency (with chronic therapy)
- Pain at IM injection site
注意事項
Use with extreme caution in patients with diminished renal function; dosage adjustments are required.
In small animals, the SC route is strongly preferred. IV administration has been associated with abrupt increases in CSF pressure and death in human pediatric patients with lead-induced cerebral edema.
Do not administer orally if lead is still present in the GI tract, as it will facilitate systemic absorption of the lead. Remove lead from the GI tract (via emesis, endoscopy, or surgery) prior to starting chelation.
Ensure adequate hydration to protect the kidneys, but avoid overhydration in animals showing clinical signs of cerebral edema.
医薬品相互作用
May enhance the renal toxicity of CaEDTA
Concurrent administration will decrease the sustained action of the insulin preparation due to zinc chelation
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity; use with extreme caution
監視
- Blood lead or zinc levels (serial monitoring)
- Urine d-ALA
- Renal function tests (BUN, Creatinine)
- Urinalyses (monitor for casts/glucose indicating tubular damage)
- Hydration status
- Serum phosphorus and calcium values
- Periodic cardiac rate/rhythm monitoring
薬物動態
吸収
Well absorbed after either IM or SC administration.
分布
Distributed primarily in the extracellular fluid. Does not penetrate erythrocytes or enter the CNS in appreciable amounts.
代謝
Not significantly metabolized.
消失
Rapidly excreted renally, either as unchanged drug or chelated with metals. Changes in urine pH or flow do not significantly alter excretion rate.
過剰投与
Doses greater than 12 g/kg are lethal in dogs. Acute toxicity primarily manifests as severe renal tubular necrosis. It can also cause profound depression, vomiting, and diarrhea. Treatment of overdose is largely supportive, focusing on maintaining diuresis and managing uremia.
製品
製剤
- Injection solution: 200 mg/mL
動物用医薬品
- None commercially available in the USA; may be obtained through compounding pharmacies.
ヒト用医薬品
- Edetate Calcium Disodium Injection Solution: 200 mg/mL in 5 mL ampules (1 gram/ampule) (Calcium Disodium Versenate)
規制ステータス
POM (Prescription Only Medicine)
POM-V
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Store at temperatures less than 40°C, preferably at room temperature (15-30°C). The injection can be diluted with either normal saline or 5% dextrose.
飼主向け情報
重金属中毒（硬貨、鉛入り塗料、金属製ハードウェアの誤飲など）は、生命を脅かす可能性のある深刻な緊急事態です。
- 入院の必要性： この解毒剤の潜在的な毒性と重金属中毒の深刻さから、ペットは専門家による厳密な監視、注射、静脈内輸液を受けるために入院する必要があります。
- 腎臓の保護： この薬は金属と結合し、尿と一緒に体外へ排出させる働きがあります。腎臓を洗い流し、ダメージから保護するために静脈内輸液が極めて重要です。
- 複数回の治療： 治療には通常、数日間の注射とそれに続く休薬期間が必要であり、その後の血液検査の結果によっては、さらに注射のコースを繰り返す可能性があります。
VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。