硫酸第一鉄
Ferrous Sulfate
Iron (II) sulfate
別名: Fer-In-Sol · Feosol · FeroSul · Fer-Gen-Sol · eisen(II)-sulfat · ferreux (sulfate) · ferrosi sulfas heptahydricus · ferrous sulphate · ferrum sulfuricum oxydulatum · iron (II) sulphate heptahydrate · iron sulphate · ferrous sulfate, exsiccated · dried ferrous sulfate
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
犬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron deficiency anemia | 100-300 mg (total dose) PO once a day | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Iron deficiency anemia | 100-300 mg per day (total dose) PO | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 100-300 mg (total dose) PO per day | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Iron deficiency anemia: Dose is for ferrous sulfate, not elemental iron.
- Iron deficiency anemia: First correct underlying cause of blood loss. Absorption is enhanced if administered 1 hour before or several hours after feeding. Reduce dosage if GI side effects occur.
猫
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron deficiency anemia | 50-100 mg (total dose) PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Iron deficiency anemia | 30-200 mg (total dose) PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 50-100 mg (total dose) PO per day | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 5-50 mg per cat PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 50-100 mg per cat PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy | 10 mg/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Adjunct to epoetin (erythropoietin) therapy: Many cats do not tolerate oral iron therapy and are better treated with iron dextran at 50 mg IM q3-4 weeks.
馬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematinic | 2-8 g PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
牛
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematinic | 8-15 g PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
豚
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematinic | 0.5-2 g PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
羊
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematinic | 0.5-2 g PO per day | PO | q24h | 2 weeks or more | 🌎 NA |
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
硫酸第一鉄は、主に獣医学において鉄欠乏性貧血（重度のノミ・鉤虫感染や消化管出血などの慢性失血に続発することが多い）の治療や、慢性腎臓病でエリスロポエチン（エポエチン）療法を受けている患者の補助療法として使用される経口鉄サプリメントです。
臨床上のポイント： 経口鉄剤の投与量は混同されやすいです。鉄塩（硫酸第一鉄）の投与量と元素鉄の投与量を区別することが重要です。通常の硫酸第一鉄には約20％の元素鉄（1グラムあたり200mgの元素鉄）が含まれていますが、乾燥硫酸第一鉄には約30％の元素鉄（1グラムあたり300mgの元素鉄）が含まれています。
作用機序
Iron is an essential trace mineral required for the transport and utilization of oxygen.
Dietary or supplemental iron is absorbed primarily in the duodenum and proximal jejunum → binds to the transport protein transferrin in the plasma → transported to the bone marrow → incorporated into porphyrin to form heme.
Heme is a critical component of hemoglobin (in red blood cells) and myoglobin (in muscle). Ionized iron also acts as an essential cofactor for several metabolic enzymes, including cytochrome oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and xanthine oxidase. While iron does not directly stimulate erythropoiesis, it provides the necessary building blocks to correct hemoglobin deficits caused by iron deficiency.
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Hemosiderosis
- Hemochromatosis
- Hemolytic anemias
- Known hypersensitivity to iron products
- Gastrointestinal ulcerative diseases (relative contraindication due to GI irritation)
有害事象
- Mild gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting)
- Black or dark-colored feces (normal and harmless)
- Constipation or diarrhea
注意事項
WARNING: Dosing of oral iron products can be confusing. Always verify whether the dose is for the iron salt (e.g., ferrous sulfate) or elemental iron. Use with caution in patients with GI ulcerative diseases due to the irritating properties of the drug. Large doses can color feces black, causing false-positives on guaiac tests for occult blood.
医薬品相互作用
May bind to iron and decrease oral absorption; administer at least two hours apart.
May bind to iron and decrease oral absorption; administer at least two hours apart.
May delay the response to iron administration; avoid using in patients with iron deficiency anemia.
Iron may significantly reduce the absorption of oral fluoroquinolones; administer at least two hours apart.
Increased gastric pH may decrease iron absorption.
Iron can decrease the efficacy of penicillamine by decreasing its absorption; space doses as far apart as possible.
Increased gastric pH may decrease iron absorption.
Oral iron preparations can bind to orally administered tetracyclines, decreasing the absorption of both compounds.
Iron may reduce the absorption of oral thyroxine; administer at least two hours apart.
May enhance the gastrointestinal absorption of iron.
監視
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of anemia signs)
- Hemograms (CBC)
- Serum iron (Normal: Dogs 80-180 mcg/dL, Cats 70-140 mcg/dL)
- Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) (Normal: Dogs 280-340 mcg/dL, Cats 270-400 mcg/dL)
- Serum transferrin saturation
薬物動態
吸収
Complex and determined by diet, iron stores, erythropoiesis degree, and dose. Absorbed throughout the GI tract, but mostly in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. Food in the GI tract may reduce the amount absorbed.
分布
After absorption, ferrous iron is immediately bound to transferrin and transported to the bone marrow.
代謝
Incorporated into hemoglobin. Iron metabolism occurs in a nearly closed system; iron liberated by hemoglobin destruction is reused by the body.
消失
Only small amounts are lost via hair and nail growth, normal skin desquamation, and GI tract sloughing.
過剰投与
Ingestion of iron-containing products can result in life-threatening toxicity. As little as 400 mg of elemental iron can be fatal in a child.
Clinical Signs of Toxicity:
- Phase 1 (30 mins to several hours): Acute gastrointestinal irritation, distress, vomiting (possibly hemorrhagic), abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
- Phase 2 (12-48 hours): The patient may appear asymptomatic, but this can be a deceptive latent phase.
- Phase 3: Peripheral vascular collapse, hypotension, cyanosis, pulmonary edema, fulminant hepatic failure, coma, and death.
- Long-term Sequelae: Animals that survive may exhibit gastric scarring, strictures, and persistent digestive disturbances.
Treatment:
- Must be handled as an absolute emergency.
- Decontamination: Empty the stomach using gastric lavage with a large bore tube (avoid emetics if hemorrhagic vomiting is already present). Lavage with tepid water or 1-5% sodium bicarbonate solution.
- Oral milk of magnesia may help bind the drug in the GI tract.
- Antidote: Deferoxamine is a specific chelating agent used to bind absorbed iron.
- Supportive Care: IV fluids for shock, treatment of acidosis, prophylactic antibiotics, oxygen, and management of coagulation abnormalities or seizures.
製品
製剤
- Oral Tablets
- Oral Elixir/Liquid
- Oral Drops
動物用医薬品
- No single-ingredient veterinary-FDA-approved products are available. Many multivitamin products containing iron are available.
ヒト用医薬品
- Ferrous Sulfate Oral Tablets: 325 mg (65 mg iron)
- Ferrous Sulfate Oral Elixir/Liquid: 220 mg/5mL (44 mg iron/5 mL), 300 mg/5 mL (60 mg iron/5 mL)
- Ferrous Sulfate Oral Drops: 15 mg iron/mL, 75 mg/0.6 mL (15 mg iron/0.6 mL)
規制ステータス
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Store in tight, light-resistant containers. If exposed to moisture or moist air, the drug is rapidly oxidized to a brownish-yellow ferric compound that should not be used medicinally. Exposure to light or an alkaline medium enhances this conversion.
飼主向け情報
危険： 鉄剤の過剰摂取は非常に毒性が高く、致命的になる可能性があります。すべての鉄サプリメントは、ペットや子供の手の届かない場所に厳重に保管してください。
- 目的： 慢性的な失血（重度のノミや鉤虫の感染、出血性潰瘍など）によって引き起こされることが多い鉄欠乏性貧血の治療、または腎臓病のペットの赤血球産生をサポートするために使用されます。
- 投与方法： 空腹時（食前1時間または食後数時間）の吸収が最も良いです。ただし、胃の不調や嘔吐を引き起こす場合は、少量の食事と一緒に与えても構いません。
- 副作用： ペットの便が黒くなっても驚かないでください。これは吸収されなかった鉄が消化管を通過する際の正常で無害な副作用です。
- 相互作用： 制酸剤、乳製品、または特定の抗生物質（テトラサイクリン系やフルオロキノロン系など）と同時に与えないでください。投与間隔は少なくとも2時間空けてください。
VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。