グリメピリド
Glimepiride
1-[[p-[2-(3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyrroline-1-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl]sulfonyl]-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)urea
別名: Amarel · Amarylle · Euglim · Glimepil · Solosa · Roname · HOE-490
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
猫
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment of NIDDM | 2 mg (total dose) per cat | PO | once daily | — | 🌎 NA |
| Treatment of NIDDM | 1-2 mg (total dose per cat) | PO | once daily | — | 🌎 NA |
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
経口、1日1回投与の抗血糖薬。猫のインスリン非依存性糖尿病（NIDDM）の補助治療に有用な可能性があります。猫での使用経験は非常に限られています。
作用機序
Glimepiride is a medium- to long-acting secretagogue sulfonylurea.
Primary Mechanism:
- Binds to the SUR1 receptor on the membrane of functioning pancreatic beta cells.
- Closes ATP-sensitive potassium (K+) channels → cell depolarization.
- Opens voltage-gated calcium (Ca2+) channels → calcium influx.
- Triggers the exocytosis and release of insulin granules into the bloodstream.
Secondary Mechanism:
- With continued use, it may also increase peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin, reducing insulin resistance.
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to glimepiride or other sulfonylureas
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
有害事象
- Hypoglycemia
- Dizziness
- Asthenia
- Liver function impairment (rare)
- Allergic respiratory reactions (rare)
- Dermatologic reactions (rare)
- Hematologic reactions (rare)
注意事項
Warning: Do not confuse glimepiride with other sulfonylureas such as glipizide or glyburide.
- Pregnancy: FDA Category C. Animal studies show intrauterine deaths secondary to maternal hypoglycemia. Avoid use during pregnancy.
- Nursing: Excreted in maternal milk; manufacturer recommends discontinuing in nursing mothers.
- Hepatic/Renal Impairment: Use with caution as metabolism and excretion may be delayed, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia.
医薬品相互作用
May increase plasma levels of glimepiride
May potentiate hypoglycemic effect
May displace glimepiride from plasma proteins
May reduce efficacy
May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
May displace glimepiride from plasma proteins
May reduce hypoglycemic efficacy
May displace glimepiride from plasma proteins
監視
- Fasting blood glucose
- Appetite and attitude
- Body condition
- PU/PD resolution
- Serum fructosamine
- Glycosylated hemoglobin levels
- Signs of hypoglycemia
薬物動態
吸収
In humans, completely absorbed from the GI tract. Peak levels occur in 2-3 hours; food delays the peak somewhat and lowers AUC by about 9%.
分布
Volume of distribution is 0.11 L/kg; the drug is greater than 99% bound to plasma proteins (in humans).
代謝
Hepatically metabolized to at least two major metabolites. One of these, M1, has activity at about 1/3 that of the parent compound.
消失
Clearance is 48 mL/min. Approximately 60% of the drug (as metabolites) is excreted into the urine and the remainder in the feces. Has a 24-hour duration of activity in humans.
過剰投与
Overdoses can lead to hypoglycemia, ranging from mild to severe and life-threatening.
Treatment:
- Immediate glucose administration (oral if conscious, IV dextrose if severe/unconscious).
- Intensive monitoring is critical.
- Due to the drug's long duration of activity, patients may require continuous glucose support (e.g., IV dextrose CRI) for at least 48 hours post-ingestion, even after apparent clinical recovery.
製品
製剤
- Oral Tablets
ヒト用医薬品
- Glimepiride Oral Tablets: 1 mg, 2 mg, & 4 mg; Amaryl, generic; (Rx)
規制ステータス
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Glimepiride tablets should be stored between 15-30°C (59-86°F) in well-closed containers.
飼主向け情報
この薬の猫への使用は「試験的」な性質があることを理解し、異常な反応（低血糖による脱力、震え、発作など）が見られた場合は直ちに獣医師に報告してください。
VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。