グルコサミン / コンドロイチン硫酸
Glucosamine / Chondroitin Sulfate
2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / chondroitin polysulfate
別名: Cosequin · Dasuquin · Restor-A-Flex · ProMotion · Seraquin · chitosamine · NSC-758 · 2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose · G6SD-glucosamine · amino monosaccharide · chondroitin 4-sulfate · chondroitin sulfate A/B/C · CSA · sodium chondroitin sulfate · chondroitin polysulfate · CDA · CSCSC · GAG · galactosaminogluconoglycan sulfate
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
犬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunctive treatment of chronic pain | 13-15 mg/kg (of the chondroitin component) PO once daily (q24h) | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of cancer pain | 15-30 mg/kg (of the chondroitin component) PO once daily (q24h) for 4-6 weeks then half the dose | PO | q24h | 4-6 weeks then half dose | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of chronic pain | 13-15 mg/kg (of the chondroitin component) PO once daily or every other day (q24-48h) | PO | q24-48h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Dietary Supplement (Cosequin Regular Strength) - Small Dogs <25 lbs | under 10 lb.: 1/2 to 1 capsule daily; 10-24 lb.: 2 capsules daily (1 in AM; 1 in PM). Maintenance Administration (after initial 4-6 week period): under 10 lb. can often have their dosage reduced to 1/2 capsule daily or 1 capsule every other day. 10 to 24 lb. can often have their dosage reduced to 1 capsule daily. | PO | q12h-q24h | Initial 4-6 weeks, then maintenance | 🌎 NA |
| Dietary Supplement (Cosequin DS) - Medium/Large Dogs >25 lbs | 25-49 lb.: 2 capsules daily (1 in AM; 1 in PM); 50-100 lb.: 3 capsules daily (2 in AM; 1 in PM); over 100 lb.: 4 capsules daily (2 in AM; 2 in PM). Maintenance Administration (after initial 4-6 week period): dogs can have their total daily dosage gradually lowered until maintenance level is reached. | PO | Divided daily | Initial 4-6 weeks, then maintenance | 🌎 NA |
猫
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunctive treatment of cancer pain | 15-30 mg/kg (of the chondroitin component) PO once daily (q24h) for 4-6 weeks then half the dose | PO | q24h | 4-6 weeks then half dose | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of chronic pain | 15-20 mg/kg (of the chondroitin component) PO once daily or every other day (q24-48h) | PO | q24-48h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Dietary Supplement (Cosequin For Cats) | Initially: under 10 lb.: 1 capsule sprinkled on food daily; over 10 lb.: 2 capsules sprinkled on food daily (1 in AM/1 in PM). Maintenance Administration (after initial 4-6 week period): once desired response is obtained, capsules may be administered every other day. | PO | q24h or divided | Initial 4-6 weeks, then maintenance | 🌎 NA |
馬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Navicular syndrome | 16.5 grams (5 scoops) in feed twice daily | PO | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Dietary Supplement (Cosequin Concentrated Powder) | Initially: for horses under 600 lb., 2 scoops in AM and 2 scoops in PM; horses 600-1,200 lb., 3 scoops in AM and 3 scoops in PM; horses over 1,200 lb., 4 scoops in AM and 4 scoops in PM. Suggested Maintenance Administration: horses under 600 lb., 1 scoop daily; horses 600-1,200 lb., 1-2 scoops daily; horses over 1,200 lb., 2 scoops daily. | PO | Divided AM/PM | Initial 2-4 weeks, then maintenance | 🌎 NA |
- Navicular syndrome: Using Cosequin Concentrated Powder
- Dietary Supplement (Cosequin Concentrated Powder): Transition Period: Do not lower amount until horse has begun to respond. Reduce total daily amount by one level scoop each week.
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
グルコサミンとコンドロイチン硫酸は、主に犬、猫、馬の変形性関節症やその他の痛みを伴う関節疾患の補助治療として広く使用されているニュートラシューティカル（栄養補助食品）です。また、尿路の保護層にグリコサミノグリカンが含まれているため、猫下部尿路疾患（FLUTD）の猫の膀胱の健康をサポートするためにも時折使用されます。
臨床のポイント： これらの製品は医薬品としてFDAの規制を受けていないため、メーカーによって製品の品質、純度、バイオアベイラビリティが大きく異なる場合があります。独立した品質テストや臨床試験を経た信頼できる動物用医薬品メーカーの製品（例：Cosequin®）を使用することを強くお勧めします。
臨床的な有効性については議論があり、大規模で決定的な研究は不足していますが、これらのサプリメントは一般的に非常に安全であると考えられており、関節の健康と慢性疼痛管理のマルチモーダルアプローチの一部として頻繁に使用されています。
作用機序
These compounds work synergistically to support cartilage matrix synthesis and inhibit cartilage degradation:
- Glucosamine: Acts as a primary building block for cartilage. Chondrocytes utilize glucosamine to synthesize glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and hyaluronan. It also regulates the synthesis of collagen and proteoglycans and exhibits mild anti-inflammatory properties by scavenging free radicals.
- Chondroitin Sulfate: Provides structural integrity to cartilage. It actively inhibits destructive enzymes (such as metalloproteinases) in joint fluid and cartilage. It also stimulates the production of GAGs and proteoglycans, and may reduce thrombi formation in the microvasculature of the joint.
Pathway: Exogenous Glucosamine + Chondroitin → Uptake by Chondrocytes → ↑ GAG & Hyaluronan Synthesis + ↓ Cartilage Degrading Enzymes → Improved Joint Fluid Viscosity & Cartilage Health.
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Known hypersensitivity to glucosamine or chondroitin
有害事象
- Mild gastrointestinal upset
- Flatulence
- Stool softening or mild diarrhea
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rare, as products are derived from natural sources)
注意事項
Use with caution in patients with bronchoconstrictive conditions (e.g., asthma), as glucosamine has been reported to exacerbate asthma symptoms in humans. Product quality varies widely; choose products with proven bioavailability. Products containing manganese could lead to manganese toxicity if given at very high dosages chronically.
医薬品相互作用
Glucosamine may induce resistance to this agent by reducing its inhibition of topoisomerase II.
Glucosamine may induce resistance to this agent by reducing its inhibition of topoisomerase II.
High doses of chondroitin/glucosamine may enhance coagulation effects and theoretically increase the International Normalized Ratio (INR).
High doses potentially could enhance the effects of heparin or other drugs that affect coagulation.
監視
- Clinical efficacy (improvement in mobility, reduction in pain, or improvement in urinary signs for FLUTD)
薬物動態
吸収
Both glucosamine HCl and glucosamine sulfate are absorbed in the gut after the salt is cleaved in the stomach. Purified, low molecular weight chondroitin appears to be absorbed from the gut. Reported bioavailability in horses is ~25% for chondroitin sulfate and ~2% for glucosamine. In dogs, bioavailability is ~5% for chondroitin sulfate and ~12% for glucosamine.
過剰投与
Oral overdosage is highly unlikely to cause significant systemic problems. The LD50 for the combined compound in rats is greater than 5 g/kg.
- Clinical Signs: Massive ingestions may result in gastrointestinal effects (vomiting, diarrhea). Theoretical changes in coagulation parameters could occur but have not been documented.
- Toxicity Note: Products containing manganese could lead to manganese toxicity if given in very high dosages chronically above label recommendations.
製品
製剤
- Capsules
- Chewable tablets
- Powder
- Soft chews
動物用医薬品
- Cosequin®
- Restor-A-Flex®
- OsteO-3®
- Arthri-Nu®
- ProMotion®
- Seraquin®
- Oste-O-Guard®
- Caniflex®
- Equi-Phar Flex®
ヒト用医薬品
- Various over-the-counter nutritional supplements (None as FDA-approved pharmaceuticals)
規制ステータス
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Check individual product labels for specific storage and expiration information. Chondroitin sulfate is extremely hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air). Generally, these products should be stored in tight containers at room temperature, avoiding direct sunlight.
飼主向け情報
- 忍耐が必要です： 目に見える臨床的な改善が現れるまでには、2〜6週間の継続的な毎日の投与が必要な場合があります。
- 一貫性が重要です： 市販のサプリメントは品質に大きなばらつきがあるため、獣医師に相談せずに処方されたブランドから別のものに変更しないでください。
- 投与方法： タブレットはおやつとして与えるか、砕いて食事に混ぜることができます。カプセルは開けて、中身をウェットフードや少し湿らせたドライフードに振りかけることで、ペットが全量を確実に摂取できるようにします。
- 副作用： 副作用の可能性は非常に低いですが、軽度の胃腸の不調（軟便、ガス）が報告されています。もし症状が気になる場合は、獣医師にご相談ください。
VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。