VetSheet

ブドウ糖 / グルコース

Glucose / Dextrose

D-glucose

輸液 / カロリー補給剤IV

別名: Aqupharm · Vetivex · Dextrose · D-glucose · Glucose monohydrate

VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス

動物種別用量

この薬剤の用量データは VetSheet の薬事集にまだ収載されていません。以下のその他の項目は完全です。処方前に最新の添付文書をご確認ください。

概要

ブドウ糖は、細胞代謝のエネルギー源および浸透圧調整剤として機能します。希釈液は主に細胞内および間質液の喪失に対する輸液として使用され、高濃度液はエネルギー源または低血糖の治療として静脈内投与されます。5%を超える濃度の溶液は高張であり、静脈内以外に投与すると強い刺激を引き起こす可能性があります。

作用機序

Glucose acts as a direct source of energy for cellular metabolism. It enters cells via specific glucose transporters (GLUT) and undergoes glycolysis → ATP production. In fluid therapy, it also acts as an osmotic agent, drawing water into the intravascular space or providing free water once the glucose is rapidly metabolized.

安全性・警告

禁忌

  • Use with caution in patients with insulin resistance
  • Use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus

有害事象

  • Phlebitis and tissue irritation (with hyperosmolar solutions >5%)
  • Severe hypophosphataemia (refeeding syndrome in starved patients)
  • Hyperglycaemia

注意事項

Hypertonicity and Tissue Irritation

Solutions containing ​>5% glucose​ are hypertonic and irritant if administered other than intravenously. 10-50% solutions are highly hyperosmolar and should be administered through a jugular catheter or diluted appropriately.

Refeeding Syndrome

Glucose infusions may produce severe hypophosphataemia in some patients with prolonged starvation.

Infection Risk

Multi-use vials of 5% glucose or higher rapidly support bacterial growth. Strict aseptic technique is required, and single patient use is strongly advised.

監視

  • Blood glucose concentrations
  • Serum phosphorus (especially in starved patients)
  • Catheter site for signs of phlebitis or extravasation
  • Hydration status and electrolyte balance

薬物動態

吸収

Immediate upon intravenous administration.

分布

Rapidly distributed into the intracellular and extracellular spaces.

代謝

Metabolized via glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to carbon dioxide and water, yielding ATP.

消失

Excreted as carbon dioxide via the lungs and water via the kidneys. If the renal threshold is exceeded, glucose is excreted unchanged in the urine.

過剰投与

If glucose loading produces signs of hyperglycaemia, insulin may be added to correct it. Overdosage can also lead to osmotic diuresis, resulting in dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

製品

製剤

  • Injectable: sodium chloride 0.9% w/v, glucose monohydrate 5.5% w/v
  • Injectable: sodium chloride 0.18% w/v, glucose monohydrate 4.4% w/v
  • Injectable: glucose 40% w/v
  • Injectable: glucose 50% w/v

動物用医薬品

  • Aqupharm No. 3 (NaCl 0.9%, glucose 5.5%)
  • Vetivex 3 (NaCl 0.9%, glucose 5.5%)
  • Aqupharm No. 18 (NaCl 0.18%, glucose 4.4%)
  • Vetivex 6 (NaCl 0.18%, glucose 4.4%)
  • 50% Glucose for injection

規制ステータス

United States✓ 承認済み処方箋医薬品FDA/CVM
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats
European Union✓ 承認済み処方箋医薬品EMA
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats
United Kingdom✓ 承認済み処方箋医薬品VMD
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

Classified as POM-V, POM-VPS, and POM depending on the specific formulation.

規制データなし: 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

保管・安定性

Multi-use vials of 5% glucose or higher rapidly support bacterial growth. Strict aseptic technique is required, and single patient use is advised. Store at room temperature.

飼主向け情報

ブドウ糖は通常、病気や低血糖のペットの水分とエネルギーを維持するために静脈内点滴で投与されます。獣医師が血糖値を注意深く監視します。組織を刺激する恐れがあるため、自宅で高濃度のブドウ糖を投与しないでください。

VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。