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グリセオフルビン

Griseofulvin

抗真菌薬PO犬猫小型哺乳類鳥馬牛豚

別名: Fulvicin · AmTech Griseofulvin · Grifulvin V · Gris-PEG · Curling factor · Griseofulvina · Griseofulvinum

VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス

Microsize: 25 mg/kg q12h PO for 42-56 days; Ultramicrosize: 5-10 mg/kg PO once daily for 42 days.PO· q12h or once daily· 42-56 days
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用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。

動物種別用量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

犬

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Susceptible dermatophytic infectionsMicrosize: 25 mg/kg q12h PO for 42-56 days; Ultramicrosize: 5-10 mg/kg PO once daily for 42 days.POq12h or once daily42-56 days🌎 NA
Susceptible dermatophytic infectionsMicrosize: 50 mg/kg PO once daily with fatty meal.POonce dailyProlonged🌎 NA
  • Susceptible dermatophytic infections: May need to treat longer for Trichophyton than for Microsporum. Give following a fatty meal or administration of corn oil. Continue for at least 2 weeks after resolution of signs and at least 5 months for onychomycosis.
  • Susceptible dermatophytic infections: Used with topical therapy. May double dose in resistant cases. If GI distress occurs may divide dose and give twice daily with food. Begin taking cultures after 4 weeks. Continue therapy for 2 weeks beyond clinical cure and when 2-3 negative cultures are obtained at weekly intervals.

猫

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Susceptible dermatophytic infectionsMicrosize: 50-120 mg/kg PO; divided daily. Ultramicrosize: 10-15 mg/kg PO twice daily.POdivided daily or twice daily4-6 weeks or longer🌎 NA
Susceptible dermatophytic infectionsMicrosize: 50 mg/kg PO once daily or 25 mg/kg PO q12h for 42-70 days; Ultramicrosize: 5-10 mg/kg PO once daily for 42 days.POonce daily or q12h42-70 days🌎 NA
Susceptible dermatophytic infectionsMicrosize: 50 mg/kg PO once daily with fatty meal.POonce dailyProlonged🌎 NA
Feline eosinophilic granuloma complexMicrosize: 25 mg/kg PO twice daily with food.POtwice dailyAt least one month🌎 NA
  • Susceptible dermatophytic infections: Give with a fatty meal. Treat until culture is negative.
  • Susceptible dermatophytic infections: Give following a fatty meal or administration of corn oil. Continue for at least 2 weeks after resolution of signs and at least 5 months for onychomycosis.
  • Susceptible dermatophytic infections: Used with topical therapy. May double dose in resistant cases. If GI distress occurs may divide dose and give twice daily with food. Begin taking cultures after 4 weeks. Continue therapy for 2 weeks beyond clinical cure and when 2-3 negative cultures are obtained at weekly intervals.
  • Feline eosinophilic granuloma complex: Give at least for one month to judge efficacy.

小型哺乳類

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Advanced dermatophytosis (Rabbits)Ultramicrosize 6.25 mg/kg PO q12h for 4-6 weeks. Microsize: 25 mg/kg PO q12-24h for one monthPOq12h or q12-24h4-6 weeks or 1 month🌎 NA
Susceptible dermatophytic infections (Chinchillas)25 mg/kg PO once daily for 30-60 daysPOonce daily30-60 days🌎 NA
Susceptible dermatophytic infections (Gerbils, Guinea pigs, Hamsters, Rats)25 mg/kg PO q24h for 14-28 daysPOq24h14-28 days🌎 NA
Susceptible dermatophytic infections (Mice)25 mg/kg PO q24h for 14 daysPOq24h14 days🌎 NA
Susceptible dermatophytic infections (Chinchillas)25 mg/kg PO q24h for 28-40 daysPOq24h28-40 days🌎 NA
Dermatophytosis (Guinea pigs)25 mg/kg PO (as a suspension) once daily for 28 days.POonce daily28 days🌎 NA
Susceptible dermatophytic infections (Chinchillas)25 mg/kg PO once daily (q24h) for 30 daysPOonce daily30 days🌎 NA

鳥

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Susceptible dermatophytic infections (Ratites)35-50 mg/kg PO once dailyPOonce daily—🌎 NA

馬

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Susceptible dermatophytic infectionsUsing the microsize (not ultra-microsize) products: 5 mg/kg PO once daily.POonce daily—🌎 NA
  • Susceptible dermatophytic infections: Smaller doses (1.25 grams) should be used for foals or ponies. If using ultra-microsize (human) formulations the dose should be reduced by 50%.

牛

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Susceptible dermatophytic infectionsUltramicrosize: 10-20 mg/kg PO once daily for 1-2 weeks. 100 mg/kg PO given twice (or more) 1 week apart may also be effective.POonce daily or weekly1-2 weeks🌎 NA
Susceptible dermatophytic infections20 mg/kg PO once daily for 6 weeksPOonce daily6 weeks🌎 NA
  • Susceptible dermatophytic infections: Not FDA-approved for use in food animals and can be very expensive.

豚

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Susceptible dermatophytic infections20 mg/kg PO once daily for 6 weeksPOonce daily6 weeks🌎 NA

用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。

診察中ですか？VetSheet の AI が薬剤・用量・投与期間を構造化された診察記録に直接記入します。VetSheet の仕組みを見る

概要

グリセオフルビンは、獣医学において主に皮膚、被毛、爪の​皮膚糸状菌感染症​（白癬）の治療に使用される静真菌性抗生物質です。

​臨床上の重要なポイント：​ ​ 皮膚糸状菌（​Trichophyton​、​Microsporum​、​Epidermophytonなど）に対して高い特異性を持ちます。 ​ 細菌、その他の病原性真菌、または​マラセチア酵母には​効果がありません​。

  • ​臨床のヒント：​ 重大な副作用（特に骨髄抑制や催奇形性）の可能性と長期治療が必要なため、現代の獣医療では​イトラコナゾール​や​テルビナフィン​などのより新しく安全な抗真菌薬に置き換えられつつあります。
  • 消化管からの吸収率が異なるため、​マイクロサイズ​と​ウルトラマイクロサイズ​の製剤間で投与量が大きく異なります。

作用機序

Griseofulvin is a fungistatic agent. It enters susceptible fungal cells and binds to tubulin, which disrupts the structure of the mitotic spindle → arresting the metaphase of cell division.

Additionally, griseofulvin binds to newly synthesized keratin in the host. As new skin, hair, and nails grow, the keratin-griseofulvin complex makes these newly formed tissues resistant to fungal invasion, allowing the infected, older tissues to be shed.

安全性・警告

禁忌

  • Pregnancy (known teratogen)
  • Known hypersensitivity to griseofulvin
  • Hepatocellular failure
  • Horses intended for food

有害事象

  • Anorexia
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Anemia
  • Neutropenia
  • Leukopenia
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Depression
  • Ataxia
  • Hepatotoxicity
  • Dermatitis/photosensitivity
  • Toxic epidermal necrolysis
  • Teratogenesis

注意事項

​Important Warnings:​

  • ​Feline Sensitivity:​ Cats, particularly kittens, are highly susceptible to adverse effects (e.g., bone marrow depression), likely due to slower glucuronide conjugation. Monitor carefully.
  • ​FIV Testing:​ Cats should be tested for FIV before initiating therapy due to the drug's potential neutropenic or panleukopenic effects.
  • ​Teratogenicity:​ Griseofulvin is a known teratogen (causes cleft palate, skeletal/brain malformations). It is strictly contraindicated in pregnant animals. It may also inhibit spermatogenesis.
  • ​Absorption:​ Must be given with a fatty meal to ensure adequate GI absorption.

医薬品相互作用

Alcohol

Griseofulvin may potentiate the effects of alcohol.

Aspirin

Griseofulvin may decrease salicylate levels.

Cyclosporine

Griseofulvin may decrease cyclosporine levels.

Phenobarbital

May decrease griseofulvin blood concentrations by inducing hepatic microsomal enzymes and/or reducing absorption. Dosage adjustment may be necessary.

Theophylline

May decrease theophylline half-life and levels in some patients.

Warfarin

May reduce the anticoagulant activity of coumarin anticoagulants; adjustment may be required.

監視

  • Clinical efficacy; fungal culture
  • Adverse effects
  • CBC; before therapy and q1-3 weeks during therapy
  • Liver enzymes (if indicated)

薬物動態

半減期

犬47 minutes

吸収

Microsized form is variably absorbed (25-70%); dietary fat enhances absorption. Ultramicrosize form is nearly 100% absorbed (approximately 1.5 times as well as the microsized form).

分布

Concentrates in skin, hair, nails, fat, skeletal muscle, and the liver. Can be found in the stratum corneum within 4 hours of dosing.

代謝

Metabolized by the liver via oxidative demethylation and glucuronidation to 6-desmethylgriseofulvin (inactive).

消失

Less than 1% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine.

過剰投与

Specifics regarding acute toxicity are limited. Significant overdoses should be managed with gut emptying, activated charcoal, and cathartic administration unless contraindicated. Horses have tolerated 100 mg/kg PO for 20 days without apparent ill effect.

製品

製剤

  • Powder
  • Oral Tablets
  • Oral Suspension

動物用医薬品

  • AmTech® Griseofulvin Powder: 2.5 g griseofulvin in 15 g sachets (FDA-approved for horses not intended for food)

ヒト用医薬品

  • Grifulvin V® Griseofulvin Microsize Oral Tablets: 500 mg
  • Griseofulvin Microsize Oral Suspension: 125 mg/5 mL
  • Gris-PEG® Griseofulvin Ultramicrosize Tablets: 125 mg & 250 mg

規制ステータス

規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

保管・安定性

Store at less than 40°C, preferably at room temperature (15-30°C). Suspensions should be stored in tight, light-resistant containers. Microsize tablets/capsules should be stored in tight containers; ultramicrosize tablets in well-closed containers.

飼主向け情報

​重要：​ グリセオフルビンは先天性欠損症を引き起こす可能性があります。妊娠中の女性はこの薬の取り扱いを避けるか、投与が必要な場合は手袋を着用してください。

  • ​投与方法：​ 体内での吸収を良くするため、必ず​脂肪分の多い食事​（少量の缶詰フード、バター、コーン油など）と一緒に与えてください。
  • ​コンプライアンス：​ 白癬の治療には時間がかかります。ペットの症状が改善したように見えても、処方通りに投薬を続けてください。早期に中止すると感染が再発する可能性があります。
  • ​環境管理：​ 白癬は他のペットや人間に非常に感染しやすいです。獣医師の指示に従って家の中を消毒し、古い寝具を処分し、必要に応じてペットを隔離してください。
  • ​副作用：​ 食欲不振、嘔吐、下痢に注意してください。ペットが元気がない、ふらつく、または異常な症状を示した場合は、すぐに獣医師に連絡してください。

VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。