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脂肪乳剤

Lipid Emulsion

Intravenous Lipid Emulsion (ILE)

栄養補助剤 / 解毒剤IV犬猫

別名: Intralipid · ClinOleic · Lipofundin · Omegaven · ILE · Intravenous Lipid Emulsion · Lipid Rescue

VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス

Supply 30% (partial peripheral) to 40-60% of energy requirementsIV· continuous· As required

用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。

動物種別用量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

犬

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Parenteral nutritionSupply 30% (partial peripheral) to 40-60% of energy requirementsIVcontinuousAs required🌍 EU
Treatment of lipid-soluble toxicosis (e.g., ivermectin, moxidectin)1.5-5 ml/kg of 20% lipid solution as bolus, followed by 0.25-0.50 ml/kg/min infusion. Boluses of 1.5 ml/kg can be repeated.IVbolus followed by continuous infusionInfusion for 30-60 min (maximum 24 hours)🌍 EU
  • Parenteral nutrition: Amount governed by physiological status
  • Treatment of lipid-soluble toxicosis (e.g., ivermectin, moxidectin): Infusions of 0.5 ml/kg/min can be administered for a maximum of 24 hours.

猫

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Parenteral nutritionSupply 40-60% of energy requirementsIVcontinuousAs required🌍 EU
Treatment of lipid-soluble toxicosis (e.g., ivermectin, moxidectin)1.5-5 ml/kg of 20% lipid solution as bolus, followed by 0.25-0.50 ml/kg/min infusion. Boluses of 1.5 ml/kg can be repeated.IVbolus followed by continuous infusionInfusion for 30-60 min (maximum 24 hours)🌍 EU
  • Parenteral nutrition: Generally used as an energy source in a nutrient admixture for infusion through central venous access (total parenteral nutrition).
  • Treatment of lipid-soluble toxicosis (e.g., ivermectin, moxidectin): Infusions of 0.5 ml/kg/min can be administered for a maximum of 24 hours.

用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。

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概要

静注用脂肪乳剤（ILE）は、主に​静脈内栄養​として高カロリーおよび必須脂肪酸を供給するために使用されます。獣医救急医療では、脂溶性薬物（アベルメクチン類、ブピバカインなどの局所麻酔薬など）の中毒に対する​解毒剤​としての利用が増加しています。

​臨床上の警告：​ インスリン抵抗性（糖尿病など）のある患者や膵炎のリスクがある患者には極めて慎重に使用してください。乳剤は細菌の増殖を促進するため、厳格な無菌操作が必須です。

​臨床のポイント：​ 中毒に対するILEの使用は、しばしば「リピッドレスキュー（Lipid Rescue）」療法と呼ばれます。

作用機序

As a nutritional supplement, lipid emulsions provide triglycerides which are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase into free fatty acids and glycerol, entering cellular metabolism via beta-oxidation to produce ATP.

As an antidote, the primary mechanism is the ​'lipid sink' theory​: the infusion creates an expanded intravascular lipid phase that sequesters highly lipophilic toxins (e.g., bupivacaine, ivermectin) away from target organs (brain, heart) → reducing clinical toxicity.

安全性・警告

禁忌

  • Insulin resistance (e.g., diabetes mellitus)
  • Hyperlipidaemia
  • Disrupted fat metabolism

有害事象

  • Febrile episodes (mainly with 20% emulsions)
  • Vasculitis
  • Thrombosis
  • Anaphylaxis (rare)
  • Hepatic failure (with prolonged treatment)
  • Pancreatitis (with prolonged treatment)
  • Cardiac arrest (with prolonged treatment)
  • Thrombocytopenia (with prolonged treatment)

注意事項

Do not use if separation of the emulsion occurs. Lines for IV parenteral feeding must be dedicated for that use alone. Daily checks are necessary to ensure complete clearance from the plasma. 20% and 30% lipid products have a higher rate of complications for nutritional use and are generally not recommended for standard parenteral nutrition.

医薬品相互作用

Other IV medicationsMajor

Physical incompatibility; requires dedicated IV line for parenteral feeding

Biochemical assaysModerate

Lipaemia interferes with blood gas and calcium measurements if samples are taken before fat is cleared

監視

  • Plasma clearance (visual lipaemia or serum triglycerides daily)
  • Blood glucose
  • Pancreatic enzymes
  • Coagulation profile (if prolonged use)

薬物動態

半減期

猫Rapidly cleared, dependent on metabolic rate犬Rapidly cleared, dependent on metabolic rate

吸収

100% bioavailable via intravenous administration.

分布

Confined to the plasma compartment initially, acting as a lipid sink for lipophilic drugs.

代謝

Metabolized via normal lipid pathways (lipoprotein lipase) into free fatty acids and glycerol.

消失

Cleared from plasma by cellular uptake and metabolism.

過剰投与

Overdosage or failure to clear lipids can lead to fat overload syndrome, characterized by hyperlipidaemia, fever, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, and coagulopathy. Treatment involves immediate cessation of the infusion and supportive care.

製品

製剤

  • Injectable: 10% solution (contains soya oil emulsion, glycerol, purified egg phospholipids, phosphate 15 mmol/l; 2 kcal/ml, 268 mOsm/l)
  • Injectable: 20% solution
  • Injectable: 30% solution

ヒト用医薬品

  • ClinOleic
  • Intralipid
  • Ivelip
  • Lipidem
  • Lipofundin
  • Omegaven

規制ステータス

European Union✓ 承認済み処方箋医薬品EMA
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

Human registered products used under the cascade.

United Kingdom✓ 承認済み処方箋医薬品VMD
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

Human registered products used under the cascade (POM).

規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

保管・安定性

Store according to manufacturer instructions, typically at room temperature (do not freeze). Discard immediately if the emulsion separates or shows signs of contamination. Strict aseptic handling is required.

飼主向け情報

この薬剤は病院で静脈内投与されます。ペットが正常に食事を摂れない、または栄養を吸収できない場合に必須の栄養を供給するため、あるいは特定の毒素をペットの体内から除去するための救命救急治療として使用されます。獣医療チームは、ペットの体が脂肪を正しく処理できているかを確認するため、血液検査を注意深くモニターします。

VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。