ルフェヌロン
ルフェヌロンは昆虫発育阻害薬（IDI）であり、主に犬および猫のノミの繁殖制御に使用されます。脂溶性が高く、経口または皮下投与後に全身性の効果を示します。 **臨床上の重要なポイント:** - **ノミの制御:** ノミのライフサイクルを断ち切るのに非常に効果的ですが、**成虫のノミは殺しません**。包括的な寄生虫駆除のため、成虫駆除薬（ニテンピラム、ミルベマイシンなど）と併用されることがよくあります。 - **タイムラグ:** 卵と脱皮中の幼虫にのみ作用するため、環境中のノミの数が大幅に減少するまでに60〜90日のタイムラグがあります。 - **その他の用途:** 歴史的に皮膚糸状菌症（真菌感染症）やウサギのエンセファリトゾーン（*Encephalitozoon cuniculi*）の補助治療として提案されてきましたが、現代の獣医学的見解ではこれらの適応に対する有効性は疑わしいとされています。 - **安全性:** 哺乳類の体内にはキチンが存在しないため、哺乳類に対する安全性は非常に高いです。
作用機序: Lufenuron acts by inhibiting **chitin synthesis, polymerization, and deposition** in insects. - **Mechanism:** It is believed to cause nonspecific inhibition of chitin synthesis related to **serine protease inhibition**. - **Effect on Fleas:** When an adult female flea feeds on a treated animal, she ingests lufenuron. The drug is deposited into her eggs, preventing the development of the exoskeleton and the "egg tooth" needed for hatching. → **Eggs fail to hatch** or larvae die during the molting process. - **Fungal/Parasitic Theory:** The theoretical basis for its use against fungi and *E. cuniculi* is that these organisms also contain chitin in their cell walls, though clinical efficacy has not been proven.
動物種別の用量
- Control of flea populations · See the label directions Program and Program with Capstar for using lufenuron with or without nitenpyram · PO · monthly · Cats require a substantially higher oral dosage per kg than dogs for equivalent efficacy. Must be given with a full meal.
- Adjunctive therapy for dermatophytosis · 50-100 mg/kg PO once every 14 days for two treatments, then once a month until at least two negative fungal cultures are obtained · PO · q14d then monthly · Until at least two negative fungal cultures are obtained · Efficacy is considered doubtful by modern standards
- E. cuniculi infections / Flea control · 30 mg/kg PO every month · PO · monthly · Rabbits
- Control of flea populations · See the label directions for Program with Capstar for using lufenuron with nitenpyram · PO · monthly · Must be given with a full meal
- Adjunctive therapy for dermatophytosis · 50-100 mg/kg PO once every 14 days for two treatments, then once a month until at least two negative fungal cultures are obtained · PO · q14d then monthly · Until at least two negative fungal cultures are obtained · Efficacy is considered doubtful by modern standards
用量は獣医療従事者向けの臨床リファレンスです。必ず最新の添付文書と個々の患者で確認してください。
投与経路
禁忌
- The cat-labeled injectable product should NOT be used in dogs (severe local reactions are possible)
有害事象
- Vomiting
- Lethargy or depression
- Pruritus or urticaria
- Diarrhea
- Dyspnea
- Anorexia
- Reddened skin
- Small lump at injection site (cats receiving injectable formulation)
モニタリング
- Efficacy (reduction in flea population over 60-90 days)
- Fungal cultures (if used for dermatophytosis)
過量投与
Lufenuron has a very wide margin of safety. Growing puppies dosed at levels up to 30X the recommended dose for 10 months showed no overt effects on growth or viability. Cats receiving oral dosages up to 17X the recommended dose were apparently unaffected.
VetSheet の薬剤リファレンスは、獣医療従事者向けの臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断やメーカーの最新添付文書に代わるものではありません。