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マルボフロキサシン

Marbofloxacin

Ro 9-1168

フルオロキノロン系抗菌薬POIVSCTopical犬猫爬虫類

別名: Zeniquin · Marbocyl · Aurizon · Efex · Marbocare · Ro 9-1168 · Marbofloxacine · Marbofloxacinum · Marbofloxacino

VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス

WHO最高位重要抗菌薬 — 慎重に使用し、不要な処方は避ける
2.75-5.5 mg/kg PO once dailyPO· q24h· Give for 2-3 days beyond cessation of clinical signs (skin/soft tissue); at least 10 days (urinary tract). Max 30 days.
— 🐕

用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。

動物種別用量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

犬

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
For susceptible infections (urinary tract, skin and soft tissue)2.75-5.5 mg/kg PO once dailyPOq24hGive for 2-3 days beyond cessation of clinical signs (skin/soft tissue); at least 10 days (urinary tract). Max 30 days.🌎 NA
For susceptible Pseudomonas otitis5.5 mg/kg PO once dailyPOq24h—🌎 NA
Susceptible bacterial infections2 mg/kgIV/SC/POq24hNot specified🌍 EU
Otitis externa10 drops per eartopicalsidNot specified🌍 EU
  • For susceptible infections (urinary tract, skin and soft tissue): If no improvement noted after 5 days, reevaluate diagnosis.
  • For susceptible Pseudomonas otitis: Dose at the high end of the flexible dosing label for severe/chronic cases or when topical therapy is not possible.
  • Susceptible bacterial infections: Higher doses should be considered for certain sites, including prostatitis, and for certain isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • Otitis externa: Using compound aural preparation.

猫

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
For susceptible infections (urinary tract, skin and soft tissue)2.75-5.5 mg/kg PO once dailyPOq24hGive for 2-3 days beyond cessation of clinical signs (skin/soft tissue); at least 10 days (urinary tract). Max 30 days.🌎 NA
First-line treatment for feline tuberculosis or non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM)2 mg/kg PO once dailyPOq24h—🌎 NA
For hemoplasmosis2.75 mg/kg PO once daily (q24h)POq24h—🌎 NA
Susceptible bacterial infections2 mg/kgIV/SC/POq24hNot specified🌍 EU
  • For susceptible infections (urinary tract, skin and soft tissue): If no improvement noted after 5 days, reevaluate diagnosis.
  • First-line treatment for feline tuberculosis or non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM): Pending definitive diagnosis. Not effective against MAC infection.
  • Susceptible bacterial infections: Do not use 20 mg or 80 mg tablets. May allow clearance of Mycoplasma haemofelis in persistently infected cats.

爬虫類

適応用量経路頻度期間地域
Susceptible infections10 mg/kg PO at least every 48 hoursPOq48h—🌎 NA
  • Susceptible infections: Study done in Ball pythons (Python regius). Further studies required to determine effective doses and toxicity.

用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。

診察中ですか？VetSheet の AI が薬剤・用量・投与期間を構造化された診察記録に直接記入します。VetSheet の仕組みを見る

概要

​マルボフロキサシン​は、主に獣医療で使用される合成の広域スペクトル​フルオロキノロン系抗菌薬​です。グラム陰性菌およびグラム陽性菌の両方に対して​濃度依存性の殺菌作用​と有意な​ポストアンチバイオティックエフェクト（PAE）​を示します。細菌増殖の静止期および対数増殖期の両方で活性を示します。

  • ​抗菌スペクトル​：広範囲のグラム陰性桿菌および球菌（緑膿菌、大腸菌、クレブシエラ、エンテロバクター、プロテウス、サルモネラなど）や、一部のグラム陽性菌（ペニシリナーゼ産生株を含むブドウ球菌など）に対して高い有効性を示します。
  • ​臨床上のポイント​：他のフルオロキノロン系と同様に、ほとんどの嫌気性菌に対する活性は弱く、レンサ球菌に対する有効性は不安定または不良です。嫌気性菌やレンサ球菌の感染症には推奨されません。
  • ​耐性​：主に染色体突然変異（特に緑膿菌、クレブシエラ、腸球菌）によって生じます。プラスミド介在性の耐性はまれです。

作用機序

Marbofloxacin exerts its bactericidal effect by targeting key bacterial enzymes involved in DNA replication and transcription:

  • Inhibits DNA-gyrase (topoisomerase II) → prevents DNA supercoiling.
  • Inhibits Topoisomerase IV → prevents separation of interlinked daughter DNA molecules.
  • Result: Disruption of DNA replication, transcription, and repair → rapid bacterial cell death (typically within 20-30 minutes of exposure).

安全性・警告

禁忌

  • Hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones
  • Small and medium breed dogs up to 8 months of age
  • Large breed dogs up to 12 months of age
  • Giant breed dogs up to 18 months of age
  • Cats under 12 months of age
  • Food-producing animals (FDA prohibited)
  • Cats (do not use 20 mg and 80 mg tablets)
  • Dogs < 12 months of age
  • Giant-breed dogs < 18 months of age
  • Cats < 16 weeks of age

有害事象

  • Gastrointestinal distress (vomiting, anorexia, soft stools, diarrhea)
  • Decreased activity/lethargy
  • Cartilage abnormalities in young, growing animals
  • Elevated hepatic enzymes (rare)
  • Ataxia, seizures, depression, nervousness (rare)
  • Hypersensitivity reactions (rare)
  • Crystalluria (rare)
  • Potential ocular toxicity/blindness in cats (rare/unproven, but reported)
  • Gastrointestinal signs (nausea, vomiting)
  • Potential CNS toxicity (seizures)
  • Cartilage abnormalities in growing animals
  • Potential retinal toxicity/blindness in cats (at high doses)

注意事項

Warning: Contraindicated in young, growing animals due to the risk of articular cartilage lesions (arthropathy).

  • Neurologic: Can rarely cause CNS stimulation; use with caution in patients with pre-existing seizure disorders.
  • Renal/Hepatic: Use cautiously in patients with severe hepatic or renal insufficiency.
  • Hydration: Ensure adequate hydration to minimize the risk of crystalluria.
  • Regulatory: The FDA strictly prohibits the extra-label use of fluoroquinolones in food-producing animals.

医薬品相互作用

Antacids / Dairy Products

Cations (Mg++, Al+++, Ca++) may bind to marbofloxacin and prevent its absorption; separate doses by at least 2 hours

Antibiotics (aminoglycosides, 3rd-gen cephalosporins, extended-spectrum penicillins)

Unpredictable synergism may occur against some bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Cyclosporine

May exacerbate nephrotoxicity and reduce the metabolism of systemically used cyclosporine

Flunixin

May increase AUC and elimination half-life of the fluoroquinolone, and vice versa (extrapolated from enrofloxacin)

Glyburide

Severe hypoglycemia possible

Iron, Zinc (oral)

Decreased marbofloxacin absorption; separate doses by at least two hours

Methotrexate

Increased MTX levels possible with resultant toxicity

Nitrofurantoin

May antagonize the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones; concomitant use not recommended

Phenytoin

Marbofloxacin may alter phenytoin levels

Probenecid

Blocks tubular secretion and may increase blood level and half-life of marbofloxacin

Quinidine

Increased risk for cardiotoxicity

SucralfateMajor

May inhibit absorption of marbofloxacin; separate doses by at least 2 hours

TheophyllineMajor

May increase theophylline blood levels (though less likely than with enrofloxacin)

Warfarin

Potential for increased warfarin effects

Antacids (Mg2+, Al3+)Major

Bind fluoroquinolones, preventing GI absorption

Zinc saltsModerate

Inhibits absorption (separate dosing by at least 2 hours)

CimetidineModerate

May reduce the clearance of fluoroquinolones

CiclosporinMajor

May decrease metabolism and increase nephrotoxicity

TacrolimusMajor

May decrease metabolism and increase nephrotoxicity

Oral anticoagulantsMajor

May increase anticoagulant action

NSAIDsMajor

May potentiate CNS adverse effects (seizures)

監視

  • Clinical efficacy (resolution of infection)
  • Adverse effects (GI distress, CNS signs)
  • Joint health/lameness in younger animals (if inadvertently used)
  • Clinical efficacy and resolution of infection
  • Culture and susceptibility results
  • Signs of gastrointestinal upset
  • Neurological signs (especially in patients with a history of seizures)
  • Vision changes or mydriasis in cats

薬物動態

半減期

猫~13 hours犬9-12 hours

吸収

Dogs: Rapidly absorbed after oral administration with 94% bioavailability; peak plasma levels in ~1.5 hours. Cats: Absorption is nearly complete; peak serum levels in 1-2 hours.

分布

Dogs: Apparent volume of distribution is 1.2-1.9 L/kg. Protein binding is low.

代謝

Dogs: Only about 15% of a dose is metabolized in the liver.

消失

Dogs: Eliminated unchanged in the urine (40%) and bile/feces.

過剰投与

Acute overdoses of marbofloxacin are unlikely to result in signs more serious than anorexia or vomiting, though other adverse effects (like CNS stimulation) could theoretically occur.

  • Chronic Toxicity: In safety studies, dogs receiving massive overdoses (55 mg/kg per day for 12 days) developed anorexia, vomiting, dehydration, tremors, red skin, facial swelling, lethargy, and weight loss.
  • Treatment: Management of overdose consists of drug withdrawal and symptomatic/supportive care. If ingestion was recent, gastrointestinal decontamination (emesis or activated charcoal) may be considered.

製品

製剤

  • Oral tablets
  • Injectable: 200 mg powder for reconstitution (10 mg/ml)
  • Oral: 5 mg, 20 mg, 80 mg tablets
  • Topical: 3 mg/ml aural drops (compound with clotrimazole and dexamethasone)

動物用医薬品

  • Marbofloxacin Oral Tablets: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg (Zeniquin)
  • Actimarbo
  • Aurizon
  • Efex
  • Marbocare
  • Marbocyl
  • Marbodex
  • Marbotab
  • Marboxidin
  • Marfloquin
  • NorOtic
  • Quiflor
  • Softiflox
  • Ubiflox

規制ステータス

European Union✓ 承認済み処方箋医薬品EMA
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats🐄 Cattle pigs

POM-V classification.

United Kingdom✓ 承認済み処方箋医薬品VMD
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

POM-V classification.

規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

保管・安定性

Marbofloxacin tablets should be stored below 30°C (86°F).

飼主向け情報

  • ​コースを完了する​：獣医師の処方通りに正確に投薬してください。ペットが元気になったように見えても、途中で投薬をやめないでください。早期に中止すると、耐性菌の発生につながる恐れがあります。
  • ​投与方法​：食事と一緒でも、空腹時でも投与できます。もし嘔吐が見られる場合は、少量のオヤツや食事と一緒に与えてみてください。
  • ​乳製品やサプリメントを避ける​：この薬を乳製品（チーズ、牛乳）、制酸剤、または鉄/亜鉛サプリメントと同時に与えないでください。これらは薬と結合して吸収を妨げる可能性があります。少なくとも2時間の間隔を空けてください。
  • ​副作用に注意する​：激しい嘔吐、下痢、食欲不振、または異常な行動（震え、ふらつき、突然の無気力など）に気づいた場合は、獣医師に連絡してください。

VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。