中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド (MCTオイル)
中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド（MCT）は、小腸の慢性浸潤性疾患や脂肪吸収不良症候群により脂肪制限が必要な犬にカロリーを提供するために使用される脂質サプリメントです。猫では経口薬の基剤として使用されることもあります。
作用機序: MCTs bypass the traditional, complex lipid digestion and absorption pathways required by long-chain triglycerides (LCTs): **Triglycerides** → hydrolyzed by **gastric and pancreatic lipases** (requires significantly less bile acids than LCTs) → **Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs)** → absorbed directly into enterocytes → enter the **portal vein** directly (bypassing **chylomicron** formation and **lymphatic transport**) → rapid oxidation in the liver for immediate energy. Because they do not rely on the lymphatic system, they are ideal for patients with lymphatic obstruction or dilation (e.g., lymphangiectasia).
動物種別の用量
- Base-vehicle to administer drugs · 0.1 mL/kg · PO · as needed · Owner-perceived acceptability by cats of MCT oil was significantly higher than gelatin capsules.
- To offset caloric reduction when long-chain triglycerides are restricted · ½-4 teaspoons divided per day with food · PO · divided daily
- To offset caloric reduction when long-chain triglycerides are restricted · 0.5-2 mL/kg per day added to food · PO · daily
- To offset caloric reduction when long-chain triglycerides are restricted · 1-2 mL/kg per day · PO · daily
用量は獣医療従事者向けの臨床リファレンスです。必ず最新の添付文書と個々の患者で確認してください。
投与経路
禁忌
- Significant hepatic disease (e.g., portosystemic shunts, cirrhosis, hepatic failure)
有害事象
- Unpalatability (especially in dogs)
- Bloating
- Flatulence
- Diarrhea
- Food aversion (rare in cats)
薬物相互作用
- Griseofulvin · MCT oil may decrease absorption, as griseofulvin requires long-chain dietary fats for optimal oral absorption.
- Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) · Absorption may be impaired if LCTs are completely replaced by MCTs; supplementation may be required.
モニタリング
- Gastrointestinal tolerance (vomiting, bloating, flatulence, stool consistency)
- Efficacy (maintenance of body weight and body condition score)
- Signs of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with underlying liver disease
過量投与
Overdosage primarily exacerbates gastrointestinal adverse effects, leading to **bloating, flatulence, and severe diarrhea**. **Treatment:** * Discontinue or reduce the dose of MCT oil. * Treat severe diarrhea supportively (e.g., fluid therapy to correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances) if necessary.
VetSheet の薬剤リファレンスは、獣医療従事者向けの臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断やメーカーの最新添付文書に代わるものではありません。