マイコバクテリア細胞壁画分免疫調節薬
**マイコバクテリア細胞壁画分免疫調節薬**は、腫瘍や特定の感染症に対して患者の免疫系を刺激するために獣医学で使用される生物学的製剤です。 * **犬**では、混合性乳腺腫瘍および乳腺腺癌の免疫療法として局所浸潤注射として使用されます。 * **馬**では、類肉腫（局所浸潤）、靜脈内注射による馬呼吸器疾患症候群（ERDC）、および *Streptococcus zooepidemicus* による馬子宮内膜炎（靜脈内または子宮内）の治療に利用されます。 > **臨床のポイント:** これは免疫調節薬であるため、その効果は患者が機能的な免疫系を持っていることに完全に依存します。局所（腫瘍内）の有効性は文献で証明されていますが、全身的な有効性はそれほど確立されていません。
作用機序: The drug exerts a non-specific immune stimulatory effect, primarily targeting **cell-mediated immune mechanisms** and **macrophage activation**. * **Macrophage activation** → Release of **Interleukin-1 (IL-1)** → Cascade of immune responses targeting abnormal cells (tumors) or pathogens. * Requires a competent, functional immune system to be effective.
動物種別の用量
- Immunotherapy of sarcoids · Dosage varies with tumor size, but 1 mL should be considered a minimum dose. Infiltrate entire tumor and a small region of adjacent and underlying tissue. · Intratumoral · Repeat treatment every 1-3 weeks. · Discontinue if no response after 4 treatments · Large pedunculated sarcoids should be de-bulked by partial excision prior to treatment. Use no larger than a 20-gauge needle. Inject quickly as emulsion separates rapidly.
- Immunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of Equine Respiratory Disease Complex (ERDC) · 1.5 mL (one syringe) · IV · May be repeated in 1-3 weeks · Inject into the jugular vein.
- Aid in the treatment of equine metritis caused by Streptococcus zooepidemicus · 1.5 mL (one syringe) · IV · Once during the early estrus period · Inject into the jugular vein.
- Aid in the treatment of equine metritis caused by Streptococcus zooepidemicus · Dilute 1.5 mL of Settle in sterile LRS, normal saline, water for injection or semen extender to provide a final volume of 25-50 mL. · Intrauterine · Once · Aseptically administer the diluted solution into the uterus using a sterile catheter.
- Immunotherapy of mixed mammary tumor and mammary adenocarcinoma · Dosage varies with tumor size, but 1 mL should be considered a minimum dose. Infiltrate entire tumor and a small region of adjacent and underlying tissue. · Intratumoral · Once, 2-4 weeks before surgery. If surgery is not to be used, repeat treatment every 1-3 weeks. · Discontinue if no response after 4 treatments · Using no larger than a 20-gauge needle. Be certain the emulsion is mixed thoroughly and inject quickly as emulsion can separate rapidly. Additional anesthetics or analgesics may be used for pain.
用量は獣医療従事者向けの臨床リファレンスです。必ず最新の添付文書と個々の患者で確認してください。
投与経路
禁忌
- Prior hypersensitivity to mycobacterial cell wall compounds
- Active mycobacterial infections
有害事象
- Transient fever
- Depression or drowsiness
- Decreased appetite
- Localized pain and tenderness at injection site
- Tumor necrosis and draining (expected therapeutic effect but can be an adverse event)
- Hypersensitivity or Anaphylaxis
- Severe respiratory inflammatory reactions (reported in horses)
薬物相互作用
- Corticosteroids, ACTH, Immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., cyclosporine) · May reduce the effectiveness of mycobacterial cell wall immunostimulants
モニタリング
- Clinical Efficacy (tumor size, metritis improvement, or respiratory infection improvement)
- Adverse Effects (fever, local reactions, appetite)
過量投与
No information was located regarding overdosage or acute toxicity.
VetSheet の薬剤リファレンスは、獣医療従事者向けの臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断やメーカーの最新添付文書に代わるものではありません。