オキシブチニン

動物種別の用量

用量は獣医療従事者向けの臨床リファレンスです。必ず最新の添付文書と個々の患者で確認してください。

投与経路

禁忌

• Obstructive GI tract disease
• Intestinal atony or paralytic ileus
• Angle closure glaucoma
• Hiatal hernia
• Cardiac disease (especially mitral stenosis, arrhythmias, tachycardia, CHF)
• Myasthenia gravis
• Hyperthyroidism
• Prostatic hypertrophy
• Severe ulcerative colitis
• Urinary retention or other obstructive uropathies
• Obstructive GI disease
• Ileus
• Gastrooesophageal reflux
• Glaucoma
• Cardiac disease
• Obstructive urinary disease

有害事象

• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Urinary retention
• Hypersalivation
• Sedation
• Dry mouth (xerostomia)
• Dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
• Tachycardia
• Anorexia
• Vomiting
• Weakness
• Mydriasis (pupil dilation)
• Diarrhoea
• Dry mouth
• Dry eyes
• Skin reactions
• Palpitations

薬物相互作用

• Anticholinergic agents (e.g., atropine, propantheline, tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines) · May intensify oxybutynin's anticholinergic adverse effects.
• Azole antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole) · May inhibit metabolism and increase oxybutynin systemic levels.
• CNS depressants · May exacerbate the sedating effects of oxybutynin. · moderate
• Macrolide antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, clarithromycin) · May inhibit metabolism and increase oxybutynin systemic levels.
• Anticholinergic agents · Additive anticholinergic side effects (e.g., severe constipation, urinary retention, tachycardia) · major
• Azole antifungals · Potential CYP inhibition leading to increased oxybutynin plasma concentrations · moderate
• Macrolide antibiotics · Potential CYP inhibition leading to increased oxybutynin plasma concentrations · moderate

モニタリング

• Clinical efficacy (reduction in urinary incontinence or frequency)
• Adverse effects (signs of anticholinergic toxicity such as dry mouth, tachycardia, constipation, or urinary retention)
• Urinary output and frequency
• Heart rate
• Bowel movements (monitor for constipation)
• Signs of excessive sedation

過量投与

Overdosage can lead to severe anticholinergic toxicity. * **CNS effects:** Restlessness, excitement, seizures. * **Cardiovascular effects:** Hypertension or hypotension, tachycardia, circulatory failure. * **Other signs:** Fever, nausea, vomiting. * **Massive overdose:** May lead to paralysis, coma, respiratory failure, and death. **Treatment:** Consists of general techniques to limit GI absorption (e.g., emesis, activated charcoal) and supportive care. Intravenous **physostigmine** may be useful to reverse severe anticholinergic signs.