ピランテルパモ酸塩
Pyrantel Pamoate
Pyrantel pamoate
別名: Strongid T · Strongid Paste · Strongid C · Nemex-2 · Drontal Plus · Heartgard Plus · Tri-Heart Plus · Virbantel · Reese's Pinworm · Pin-X · CP-10423-16 · pyrantel embonate · pirantel pamoate
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
犬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For susceptible parasites | For dogs weighing <5 lb: 10 mg/kg (as base) PO; for dogs weighing >5 lbs: 5 mg/kg (as base) PO. Treat puppies at 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks of age. Treat lactating bitches 2-3 weeks after whelping. Do follow-up fecal 2-4 weeks after treating to determine need for retreatment. | PO | See dose | — | 🌎 NA |
| For hookworms, or roundworms | 5 mg/kg PO after meals; repeat in 7-10 days | PO | repeat in 7-10 days | — | 🌎 NA |
| Puppies | 5-10 mg/kg PO; can be repeated every 2-3 weeks until at least 12 weeks of age. | PO | every 2-3 weeks | until at least 12 weeks of age | 🌎 NA |
| For susceptible parasites | 20 mg/kg PO; be sure that liquid is well mixed before using; tablets may be broken for accurate dosing. | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
- Puppies: Can be treated as early as 2-3 weeks of age
- For susceptible parasites: Not FDA-approved for cats but very safe and effective.
猫
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For susceptible parasites using combination product with praziquantel (Drontal) | Administer a minimum dose of 2.27 mg praziquantel and 9.2 mg pyrantel pamoate per pound of body weight according to the dosing tables on labeling. | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
| Ascarids, Hookworms, Physaloptera | 5 mg/kg, PO; repeat in 2 weeks (one time only for Physaloptera) | PO | repeat in 2 weeks | — | 🌎 NA |
| For susceptible parasites | 10 mg/kg PO, repeat in 3 weeks | PO | repeat in 3 weeks | — | 🌎 NA |
| Kittens | 5-10 mg/kg PO; can be repeated every 2-3 weeks until at least 12 weeks of age. | PO | every 2-3 weeks | until at least 12 weeks of age | 🌎 NA |
- For susceptible parasites using combination product with praziquantel (Drontal): May be given directly by mouth or in a small amount of food. Do not withhold food prior to or after treatment. If reinfection occurs, treatment may be repeated.
- Kittens: Can be treated as early as 2-3 weeks of age
小型哺乳類
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rabbits: For susceptible parasites | 15-10 mg/kg PO, repeat in 2-3 weeks | PO | repeat in 2-3 weeks | — | 🌎 NA |
| Llamas: For susceptible parasites | 18 mg/kg, PO for one day | PO | Single dose | 1 day | 🌎 NA |
鳥
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psittacines: In endemic areas, outdoor breeding birds and their offspring should be routinely dewormed for ascarids | 25 mg/kg PO q2 weeks. | PO | q2 weeks | — | 🌎 NA |
| For intestinal nematodes | 100 mg/kg, PO as a single dose in psittacines and passerines | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
馬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For susceptible parasites | 6.6 mg/kg PO every 6-8 weeks for ascarid control in foals and every 4 weeks for ascarid control on some farms. For tapeworm control, double the dose (13.2 mg/kg PO) and use once to twice yearly. | PO | every 4-8 weeks or 1-2x yearly | — | 🌎 NA |
| For susceptible parasites | 6.6 mg (as base)/kg PO; 13.2 mg (as base)/kg for cestodes | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
牛
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For susceptible parasites | Pyrantel tartrate: 25 mg/kg, PO | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
豚
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To remove Ascaris suum or Oesophagostomum spp. | Pyrantel tartrate: 22 mg/kg PO (or in feed at a rate of 800 grams/ton) as a single treatment. For Ascaris suum only: in feed at a rate of 96 grams/ton (2.6 mg/kg) for 3 days. | PO | Single dose or 3 days | 1-3 days | 🌎 NA |
| For ascarids and nodular worms in potbellied pigs | 6.6 mg/kg PO | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
- To remove Ascaris suum or Oesophagostomum spp.: Label instructions from several pyrantel tartrate premix products
羊
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For susceptible parasites | Pyrantel tartrate: 25 mg/kg, PO | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
ヤギ
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For susceptible parasites | Pyrantel tartrate: 25 mg/kg, PO | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
ピランテルパモ酸塩は、広く使用されている非常に安全なピリミジン系駆虫薬であり、主に様々な動物種の消化管内線虫（回虫や鉤虫など）に対して有効です。
パモ酸塩は消化管からの吸収が悪いため、標的寄生虫が生息する腸管腔内で高濃度に達します。安全域が非常に広く、嗜好性の高い経口懸濁液が利用できるため、小児獣医療（子犬や子猫の定期駆虫）において不可欠な薬剤です。
臨床のポイント: 回虫や鉤虫には非常に有効ですが、標準用量のピランテルは鞭虫（Trichuris spp.）やほとんどの条虫には無効です。ただし馬においては、回盲部条虫（Anoplocephala perfoliata）の駆除に倍量投与が用いられます。馬の円虫や犬の鉤虫（Ancylostoma caninum）における耐性の発現は、臨床上の新たな懸念事項となっています。
作用機序
Pyrantel acts as a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent in susceptible parasites.
- It binds selectively to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the somatic muscle cells of the nematode.
- This binding causes continuous depolarization and an influx of calcium → spastic paralysis of the worm.
- Paralyzed worms lose their ability to maintain attachment to the host's intestinal mucosa and are subsequently expelled alive in the feces via normal gastrointestinal peristalsis.
- It also possesses mild cholinesterase inhibitory properties, further contributing to the accumulation of acetylcholine at the parasite's neuromuscular junction.
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Severely debilitated animals
有害事象
- Emesis (rare, primarily in small animals)
注意事項
Use with caution in severely debilitated animals. The drug is considered very safe for use during pregnancy (Class A in dogs/cats) and is safe to use in nursing veterinary patients.
医薬品相互作用
Increased risk for adverse effects
Because of similar mechanisms of action (and toxicity), do not use concurrently
Because of similar mechanisms of action (and toxicity), do not use concurrently
Increased risk for adverse effects
Pyrantel and piperazine have antagonistic mechanisms of action; do not use together
監視
- Fecal egg count reduction testing (FECRT) for strongyle nematodes (especially in horses to monitor for resistance)
- Resolution of clinical signs of parasitism
- Routine fecal flotations 2-4 weeks post-treatment
薬物動態
吸収
Pyrantel pamoate is poorly absorbed from the GI tract, allowing it to reach the lower GI in dogs, cats, and equines. Pyrantel tartrate is absorbed more readily than the pamoate salt. Pigs and dogs absorb pyrantel tartrate more so than ruminants, with peak plasma levels occurring 2-3 hours after administration.
分布
Acts primarily locally within the gastrointestinal lumen due to poor systemic absorption of the pamoate salt.
代謝
The fraction of the drug that is absorbed is rapidly metabolized.
消失
Excreted into the urine and feces.
過剰投与
Pyrantel has a moderate to wide margin of safety.
- Dosages up to approximately 7 times the recommended dose generally result in no toxic reactions.
- In horses, doses of 20X yielded no adverse effects.
- The LD50 in mice and rats for pyrantel tartrate is 170 mg/kg; >690 mg/kg for pyrantel pamoate in dogs.
- Chronic dosing of pyrantel pamoate in dogs resulted in clinical signs when given at 50 mg/kg/day, but not at 20 mg/kg/day over 3 months.
- Clinical signs of toxicity may include increased respiratory rates, profuse sweating (in species with sweat glands), ataxia, or other cholinergic effects.
製品
製剤
- Tablets
- Oral suspension
- Oral paste
- Top dress (granules/pellets)
- Soft-gel capsules
動物用医薬品
- Pyrantel Pamoate Tablets: 22.7 mg, 113.5 mg (Nemex Tabs)
- Pyrantel Pamoate Oral Suspension: 4.54 mg/mL (Nemex-2)
- Pyrantel Pamoate Oral Suspension: 50 mg/mL (Strongid T)
- Pyrantel Pamoate Oral Paste: 43.9% w/w (180 mg/mL) (Strongid Paste)
- Pyrantel Tartrate 1.06% Top Dress: 4.8 grams/lb (Strongid C)
- Combination Tablets: Praziquantel/Pyrantel pamoate (Drontal for Cats)
- Combination Chewables: Praziquantel/Pyrantel pamoate (Virbantel)
- Combination Tablets: Praziquantel/Pyrantel pamoate/Febantel (Drontal Plus for Dogs)
- Combination Chewables: Ivermectin/Pyrantel (Heartgard Plus, Tri-Heart Plus)
ヒト用医薬品
- Pyrantel Pamoate Oral Suspension: 50 mg/mL & 144 mg/mL (Reese's Pinworm, Pin-X)
- Pyrantel Soft-gel Oral Capsules: 180 mg (Pin-Rid, Reese's Pinworm)
- Pyrantel Pamoate Oral Tablets: 180 mg & 720.5 mg chewable (Reese's Pinworm, Pin-X)
規制ステータス
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Pyrantel pamoate products should be stored in tight, light-resistant containers at room temperature (15-30°C) unless otherwise directed by the manufacturer.
飼主向け情報
- 薬の成分が瓶の底に沈殿するため、投与量を吸い上げる前に懸濁液をよく振ってください。
- 直接口から投与するか、少量の食事に混ぜて与えることができます。投薬の前後に絶食させる必要はありません。
- 投与後24〜48時間以内に、ペットの便の中に完全な形、または死んだ寄生虫が見られることがあります。これは正常なことであり、薬が効いている証拠です。
- この薬は非常に安全であり、非常に幼い子犬や子猫にも使用できます。副作用は非常にまれですが、時折嘔吐が見られることがあります。
- 1回の投与では移行期の幼虫を死滅させることはできないため、獣医師の指示に従って再投与のスケジュールを守ってください。
VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。