ヨウ化ナトリウム / ヨウ化カリウム
Sodium Iodide / Potassium Iodide
Sodium Iodide, Potassium Iodide
別名: SSKI · Iodoject · Pima · Thyrosafe · Iosat · Potassium Iodide · Sodium Iodide · Ethylenediamine dihydroiodide · EDDI
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
犬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sporotrichosis | 40 mg/kg PO q8h | PO | q8h | at least 60 days | 🌎 NA |
| Sporotrichosis | 40 mg/kg PO q12h | PO | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Sporotrichosis: Using SSKI
- Sporotrichosis: Using SSKI; give with food. Itraconazole is less likely to have adverse effects.
猫
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sporotrichosis | 20 mg/kg PO q12-24h | PO | q12-24h | at least 60 days | 🌎 NA |
| Sporotrichosis | 20 mg/kg PO q12-24h | PO | q12-24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Sporotrichosis: Using SSKI; give with food. Itraconazole is less likely to cause adverse effects.
馬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sporotrichosis | 20-40 mg/kg PO daily | PO | q24h | several weeks | 🌎 NA |
| Sporotrichosis | Loading dose of sodium iodide at 20-40 mg/kg IV for 2-5 days, then 20-40 mg/kg PO once daily | IV, PO | q24h | at least 3 weeks after all clinical lesions disappear | 🌎 NA |
| Conidiobolomycosis | 20% sodium iodide at 44 mg/kg IV for 7 days, then ethylenediamine dihydroiodide at 1.3 mg/kg PO q12h for 4 months, then q24h for 1 year, then once per week | IV, PO | Variable | Over 1 year | 🌎 NA |
- Sporotrichosis: Sodium iodide
- Sporotrichosis: May administer via oral syringe or mixed in sweet feed. Topical hot packs of 20% sodium iodide may be used on open wounds.
- Conidiobolomycosis: Excessive lacrimation occasionally noted, but resolved if the drug was held for one day.
牛
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actinobacillosis (woody tongue) | 70 mg/kg IV given as a 10% or 20% solution | IV | repeat at least one more time at a 7-10 day interval | — | 🌎 NA |
- Actinobacillosis (woody tongue): Refractory cases may require more frequent (2-3 day intervals) treatment. Severe cases may require adjunctive antibiotics.
羊
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actinobacillosis | 70 mg/kg IV given as a 10% or 20% solution | IV | repeat at least one more time at a 7-10 day interval | — | 🌎 NA |
- Actinobacillosis: Refractory cases may require more frequent (2-3 day intervals) treatment.
ヤギ
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actinobacillosis | 70 mg/kg IV given as a 10% or 20% solution | IV | repeat at least one more time at a 7-10 day interval | — | 🌎 NA |
- Actinobacillosis: Refractory cases may require more frequent (2-3 day intervals) treatment.
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
ヨウ化物は主に特定の肉芽腫性感染症の治療に獣医学で使用されます。主な適応症には、反芻動物の放線桿菌症（木舌症）や放線菌症、馬、犬、猫のスポロトリクム症が含まれます。去痰薬やヨウ素欠乏症の補助食品として使用されることもあります。猫はヨウ化物中毒に非常に敏感であるため、猫への使用には議論があります。
作用機序
The exact mechanism of action for treating actinobacillosis and sporotrichosis is unknown.
- Iodides possess little to no direct in vitro antimicrobial or antifungal activity.
- They are believed to act by modifying the granulomatous inflammatory process.
- Proposed mechanism: Iodides may enhance phagocytosis by macrophages or alter the immune response within granulomas, facilitating the breakdown of granulomatous tissue and allowing the body's immune system to clear the infection.
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Known iodide hypersensitivity
- Lactating animals (excreted in milk)
- Hyperthyroidism
- Renal failure
- Severe dehydration
- Pregnancy (may cause abortion in cattle)
有害事象
- Excessive tearing (epiphora)
- Vomiting and nausea
- Anorexia / inappetence
- Nasal discharge
- Muscle twitching
- Cardiomyopathy
- Scaly haircoats and dandruff
- Hyperthermia
- Decreased milk production
- Decreased weight gain
- Coughing
- Diarrhea
- Goiter (especially in foals from supplemented mares)
- Cardiovascular failure (in severe toxicity)
注意事項
Do NOT inject intramuscularly (IM).
When administering parenterally to horses, give slowly intravenously and with extreme caution, as severe generalized reactions have been reported.
Cats are highly prone to developing iodism (iodide toxicity). Weigh risks versus benefits carefully, especially in pregnant animals, as anecdotal reports suggest it can cause abortion in cattle (FDA Category D in humans).
医薬品相互作用
Iodides may decrease the efficacy of antithyroid medications.
Iodides may enhance the efficacy of thyroid medications.
監視
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of granulomatous lesions)
- Signs of iodism (excessive tearing, nasal discharge, scaly haircoats/dandruff, hyperthermia, coughing, diarrhea)
- Thyroid function (if used long-term)
薬物動態
吸収
Rapidly and nearly completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration.
分布
Widely distributed throughout extracellular fluids. Actively concentrated in the thyroid gland, salivary glands, gastric mucosa, and choroid plexus.
代謝
Iodide is not metabolized but is incorporated into thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) in the thyroid gland.
消失
Primarily excreted by the kidneys into the urine. Also excreted in milk, saliva, and tears. Therapeutic efficacy of IV sodium iodide for actinobacillosis is rapid, with beneficial effects usually seen within 48 hours.
過剰投与
Excessive iodine accumulation leads to a toxic syndrome known as iodism.
- Clinical Signs: Excessive tearing (epiphora), vomiting, anorexia, nasal discharge, muscle twitching, cardiomyopathy, scaly haircoats/dandruff, hyperthermia, decreased milk production and weight gain, coughing, inappetence, and diarrhea.
- Species Sensitivity: Cats are particularly prone to developing iodism. Young animals may be more susceptible than adults. Foals have developed goiter when mares were excessively supplemented.
- Severe Toxicity: Can progress to depression, hypothermia, and cardiovascular failure.
製品
製剤
- Injection: 20% (200 mg/mL)
- Oral solution: 1 g/mL (SSKI)
- Oral syrup: 62.5 mg/mL
- Oral tablets: 65 mg, 130 mg
- Oral powder/granules (Ethylenediamine dihydroiodide)
動物用医薬品
- Sodium Iodide Injection: 20 grams/100 mL (20%; 200 mg/mL) in 250 mL vials
- Oral iodide powders/granules (Active ingredient: ethylenediamine dihydroiodide)
ヒト用医薬品
- Potassium Iodide Solution (SSKI): 1 gram/mL
- Potassium Iodide Oral Syrup (Pima): 62.5 mg/mL
- Potassium Iodide Oral Tablets: 65 mg, 130 mg (Thyrosafe, Iosat)
規制ステータス
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Store veterinary injectable products at room temperature (15-30°C). Store Supersaturated Potassium Iodide (SSKI) solution below 40°C (preferably 15-30°C) in a tight, light-resistant container; protect from freezing. Crystallization can occur at low temperatures; re-warming and shaking will usually redissolve crystals. If the solution turns brownish-yellow (oxidation), discard it. Physically incompatible with vitamins B and C injection.
飼主向け情報
この薬は非常に不快な味がするため、犬や猫に経口投与する場合は、食事や脂肪分の多い液体（全乳やアイスクリームなど）と混ぜて与え、吐き気や嘔吐を防いでください。過剰な涙、鼻水、咳、ひどいフケ、嘔吐、食欲不振などのヨウ素中毒の兆候がないかペットを注意深く観察し、異常があればすぐに獣医師に連絡してください。薬が母乳に移行するため、授乳中の動物には使用しないでください。
VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。