スタノゾロール
**スタノゾロール**は、テストステロンから派生した合成**アナボリックステロイド（AAS）**です。歴史的に獣医学において、食欲増進、体重増加の促進、体力と活力の向上、および慢性疾患に伴う貧血の治療に広く使用されてきました。 米国ではFDA承認の市販製品（Winstrol®-Vなど）はすでに販売されていませんが、獣医用調剤薬局を通じて入手可能です。 > **臨床上の注意点:** スタノゾロールは猫において**肝毒性**の発生率が非常に高いことで知られています。絶対に必要な場合を除き、猫への使用は強く推奨されず、使用する場合は極めて慎重な投与と厳密なモニタリングが必要です。 内因性テストステロンと比較して同化作用/男性化作用の比率が高いものの、特に長期使用や高用量では男性化の副作用（行動の変化や生殖機能の抑制など）が生じる可能性があります。人間による乱用の可能性があるため、**規制薬物**に指定されています。
作用機序: Stanozolol is highly lipophilic and diffuses across the cell membrane to bind with intracellular **androgen receptors**. * **Anabolic Pathway:** The receptor-hormone complex translocates to the nucleus → binds to specific DNA sequences (hormone response elements) → modulates transcription of target genes → increases **protein synthesis** (anabolism), promotes a positive nitrogen balance, and induces muscle hypertrophy. * **Erythropoietic Pathway:** Stimulates the production of **erythropoietin** in the kidneys → stimulates bone marrow → increases red blood cell production (useful in treating anemia of chronic disease). * **Fibrinolytic Pathway:** Enhances fibrinolysis after parenteral injection, which provides a theoretical basis for its use in treating feline aortic thromboembolism or thrombosis in nephrotic syndrome.
動物種別の用量
- For acute or subacute aflatoxicosis in ruminants · Stanozolol 2 mg/kg IM (plus activated charcoal 6.7 mg/kg as a 30% w/v slurry in M/15, pH 7 phosphate buffer). · IM · Single dose · Do not combine with oxytetracycline therapy.
- For acute or subacute aflatoxicosis in ruminants · Stanozolol 2 mg/kg IM (plus activated charcoal 6.7 mg/kg as a 30% w/v slurry in M/15, pH 7 phosphate buffer). · IM · Single dose · Do not combine with oxytetracycline therapy.
- As an anabolic agent per labeled indications · 1-2 mg PO twice daily; or 25 mg deep IM, may repeat weekly. · PO/IM · q12h (PO) or weekly (IM) · Several weeks, depending on response · EXTREME CAUTION: High incidence of hepatotoxicity in cats.
- General therapeutics · 0.5 mg/kg PO or SC twice daily · PO/SC · q12h · Use with caution in hepatic disease.
- As an anabolic agent per labeled indications · 0.55 mg/kg (25 mg per 100 pounds of body weight) IM deeply. May repeat weekly for up to and including 4 weeks. · IM · weekly · Up to 4 weeks · ARCI UCGFS Class 4 Drug. Contraindicated in breeding stallions and food animals.
- As an anabolic agent to promote weight gain and recovery from disease · 0.5-1 mL/kg (25-50 mg/kg) IM once or twice weekly. · IM · Once or twice weekly · Use with caution in birds with renal disease.
投与経路
禁忌
- Pregnant animals (Category X - teratogenic)
- Breeding stallions
- Food-producing animals
- Patients with hepatic dysfunction
- Patients with hypercalcemia
- Patients with a history of myocardial infarction
- Patients with pituitary insufficiency
- Patients with prostate carcinoma or benign prostatic hypertrophy
- Patients with mammary carcinoma
- During the nephrotic stage of nephritis
有害事象
- Hepatotoxicity (especially high incidence in cats)
- Sodium, calcium, potassium, water, chloride, and phosphate retention
- Behavioral changes (androgenic effects such as increased aggression)
- Reproductive abnormalities (oligospermia, estrus suppression)
- Mild androgenic effects (usually only at high doses or prolonged use)
薬物相互作用
- Anticoagulants (heparin, warfarin) · Anabolic agents may potentiate the effects of anticoagulants; monitoring of INR/PT and dosage adjustment of the anticoagulant are recommended.
- Corticosteroids · Anabolics may enhance the edema that can be associated with ACTH or adrenal steroid therapy.
- Insulin · Anabolics may decrease blood glucose and decrease insulin requirements; diabetic patients receiving insulin may need dosage adjustments.
モニタリング
- Androgenic side effects (behavioral changes)
- Fluid and electrolyte status (especially in cardiac/renal patients)
- Liver function tests (crucial in cats)
- RBC count and indices (if treating anemia)
- Weight and appetite
過量投与
No specific information was located for this agent in veterinary species. In humans, **sodium and water retention** can occur after overdosage of anabolic steroids. **Treatment:** Treat supportively and monitor liver function should an inadvertent overdose be administered.
VetSheet の薬剤リファレンスは、獣医療従事者向けの臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断やメーカーの最新添付文書に代わるものではありません。