トリエンチン
Trientine
Trientine hydrochloride
別名: Syprine · Metalite · Cufence · MK-0681 · 2,2,2-tetramine · trien hydrochloride · triethylenetetramine dihydrochloride · trientine hydrochloride · TETA
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
犬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| As a chelator for copper hepatotoxicity | 10-15 mg/kg | PO | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| As a chelator for copper hepatotoxicity | 10-15 mg/kg | PO | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| As a chelator for copper hepatotoxicity | 15-30 mg/kg | PO | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Copper hepatotoxicosis | 10-15 mg/kg | PO | q12h | Long-term as needed | 🌍 EU |
- As a chelator for copper hepatotoxicity: 1-2 hours before a meal
- As a chelator for copper hepatotoxicity: Give one hour before meals
- As a chelator for copper hepatotoxicity: Give prior to meals
- Copper hepatotoxicosis: Vomiting may be reduced by giving in divided doses with food.
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
トリエンチンは、主に犬の銅関連性肝疾患の治療に使用される経口銅キレート剤です。ペニシラミンの副作用（重度の嘔吐など）に耐えられない患者にとって、重要な代替治療薬となります。
作用機序
Trientine acts as a polyamine chelating agent. It binds to systemic copper to form a stable, water-soluble complex (a chelate) that is subsequently eliminated from the body via urinary excretion.
- Affinity Profile: Trientine has a greater affinity for plasma copper compared to penicillamine.
- Conversely, penicillamine has a higher affinity for tissue copper.
- By binding circulating copper, trientine creates a concentration gradient that gradually pulls stored copper out of hepatic tissues for elimination.
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to trientine
- Cystinuria
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Biliary cirrhosis
- No specific contraindications available in the monograph, but should be used with caution in patients without confirmed copper storage disease.
有害事象
- Acute renal failure (rare but reported in dogs)
- Iron deficiency anemia (with long-term use)
- Topical contact dermatitis (if powder contacts skin)
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Melaena (dark, tarry stools)
- Weakness
- Copper deficiency (with chronic therapy)
注意事項
Teratogenicity: Trientine is a potential teratogen (FDA Category C). It should only be used in pregnant animals when the benefits to the mother clearly outweigh the risks to the offspring. Exercise caution in nursing patients.
Handling Warning: The drug can cause topical dermatitis. It must be given in an intact capsule and should never be opened or sprinkled on food. If the powder accidentally contacts human or animal skin, wash the area immediately with water.
医薬品相互作用
Iron and trientine mutually inhibit the absorption of one another. Separate doses by at least 2 hours.
Trientine may chelate zinc and other essential minerals, reducing their absorption. Separate doses by at least 2 hours.
Inhibits absorption of iron; separate doses by a minimum of 2 hours
Inhibits absorption of zinc; separate doses by a minimum of 2 hours
Inhibits absorption of minerals; separate doses by a minimum of 2 hours
監視
- Periodic quantitative hepatic copper levels (via liver biopsy)
- Renal function parameters (BUN, Creatinine, SDMA, Urinalysis) due to the risk of acute renal failure
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) to monitor for iron deficiency anemia
- Hepatic copper concentrations (via biopsy)
- Liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP)
- Clinical signs of copper deficiency (e.g., anemia, weakness)
- Gastrointestinal tolerance
薬物動態
吸収
Poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
分布
Widely distributed, but has greater affinity for plasma copper than tissue copper.
代謝
Metabolized via acetylation.
消失
Excreted primarily in the urine as a copper-trientine complex.
過剰投与
Little information is available regarding acute toxicity in veterinary species. In human medicine, a case of a patient ingesting 30 grams of trientine without significant morbidity has been reported. If a massive overdose occurs in a pet, standard gastrointestinal decontamination and supportive care are recommended.
製品
製剤
- Capsules
- 250 mg capsule
- 300 mg capsule
ヒト用医薬品
- Trientine HCl Oral Capsules: 250 mg
- 250 mg capsule
- 300 mg capsule
規制ステータス
POM (Prescription Only Medicine). Human orphan drug used off-label under the cascade.
POM (Prescription Only Medicine).
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Store trientine capsules in the refrigerator (2-8°C) in tightly closed containers. The powder is highly hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air).
飼主向け情報
効果を最大にするため、なるべく空腹時（食前1〜2時間）に投与してください。空腹時の投与で嘔吐や食欲不振が見られる場合は、少量の食事と一緒に与えても構いません。カプセルを開けて食事に振りかけないでください。粉末が皮膚に触れると炎症を起こす可能性があります。皮膚に触れた場合はすぐに洗い流してください。薬は冷蔵庫で密閉容器に入れて保管してください。
VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。