ウルソジオール
Ursodiol
Ursodeoxycholic acid
別名: Actigall · URSO 250 · URSO Forte · acidum ursodeoxycholicum · UDCA · ursodesoxycholic acid
VetSheet 獣医チームが監修更新日 2026年4月5日エビデンスに基づく獣医学リファレンス
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
動物種別用量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
犬
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunctive treatment of chronic hepatitis | 5-15 mg/kg PO divided q12h | PO | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy | 10-15 mg/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis | 11-15.4 mg/kg PO either once daily or divided twice daily | PO | q12h-q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Adjunctive treatment of chronic hepatitis: With immunosuppressive therapy. Note: Use of this drug at this dose is preliminary, but promising.
- Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy: Safe and potentially beneficial.
- Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis: May use as primary or adjunctive therapy.
猫
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy | 10-15 mg/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis | 11-15.4 mg/kg PO either once daily or divided twice daily | PO | q12h-q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of chronic hepatitis | 10 mg/kg/day PO | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy: Safe and potentially beneficial.
- Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis: May use as primary or adjunctive therapy. Cats usually get 1/6th of a capsule mixed with a small amount of food. Cats may still eat their food even if drug is sprinkled on top.
鳥
| 適応 | 用量 | 経路 | 頻度 | 期間 | 地域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunctive treatment of liver disease | 10-15 mg/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
用量は獣医専門家向けの臨床参考資料です。必ず最新の医薬品情報および個別症例に基づいて確認してください。
概要
ウルソジオールは天然の親水性胆汁酸であり、主に犬や猫の肝胆道疾患の補助治療として使用されます。肝保護作用、利胆作用、免疫調節作用を持ち、毒性のある胆汁酸による肝細胞の破壊を軽減し、コレステロール胆石の溶解を助けます。
作用機序
Ursodiol exerts its effects through multiple hepatoprotective and choleretic pathways:
- Cholesterol Reduction: Suppresses hepatic synthesis and secretion of cholesterol and decreases intestinal absorption of cholesterol.
- Gallstone Solubilization: By reducing cholesterol saturation in the bile, it allows the solubilization of cholesterol-containing gallstones.
- Choleretic Effect: Increases bile flow, which helps flush toxic bile acids from the liver.
- Cytoprotection: Reduces the hepatocyte toxic effects of endogenous hydrophobic bile salts (e.g., lithocholate, deoxycholate) by decreasing their detergent action on cell membranes, thereby protecting hepatic cells from apoptosis and necrosis.
安全性・警告
禁忌
- Rabbits and other hindgut fermenters (converted to toxic lithocholic acid)
- Biliary obstruction
- Biliary fistulas
- Cholecystitis
- Pancreatitis
- Cholangitis (if complete obstruction is present)
有害事象
- Diarrhea
- Gastrointestinal upset (rare)
注意事項
Ursodiol is strictly contraindicated in rabbits and hindgut fermenters. Use with caution in patients with complications associated with gallstones (e.g., biliary obstruction, cholecystitis). While useful for chronic liver disease, some patients may experience further impairment of bile acid metabolism. It will not dissolve calcified radiopaque stones or radiolucent bile pigment stones.
医薬品相互作用
May bind to ursodiol, thereby reducing its efficacy
May bind to ursodiol, thereby reducing its efficacy
Theoretical concern that chronic administration in cats may lead to taurine deficiency
監視
- Efficacy via ultrasonography for gallstones
- Improved liver function tests for chronic hepatic disease
- SGPT/SGOT (AST/ALT) on a routine basis
薬物動態
吸収
Well absorbed from the small intestine after oral administration (up to 90% in humans).
分布
Enters the portal circulation. Ursodiol detected in the systemic circulation is highly bound to plasma proteins.
代謝
Extracted by the liver and conjugated with either taurine or glycine, then secreted into the bile. Undergoes entero-hepatic cycling and bacterial degradation.
消失
Mostly eliminated in the feces after being oxidized or reduced to less soluble compounds. Very little is detected in the urine.
過剰投与
Overdosage of ursodiol would most likely cause diarrhea.
Treatment:
- Supportive therapy.
- Oral administration of an aluminum-containing antacid (e.g., aluminum hydroxide suspension) to bind the drug.
- Gastric emptying (if large overdose occurred recently) with concurrent administration of activated charcoal or cholestyramine suspension.
製品
製剤
- Oral Capsules
- Oral Tablets
ヒト用医薬品
- Ursodiol Oral Capsules: 300 mg (Actigall & generic)
- Ursodiol Oral Tablets: 250 mg & 500 mg (URSO 250 & URSO Forte; generic)
規制ステータス
規制データなし: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
保管・安定性
Store capsules at room temperature (15-30°C) in tight containers unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer.
飼主向け情報
胆汁や膵液が存在すると薬がより早く溶けるため、食事と一緒に与えてください。肝臓疾患の管理は長期にわたることが多いため、獣医師の指示なしに投薬を中止しないでください。下痢などの胃腸の不調が見られた場合は獣医師に連絡してください。
VetSheet医薬品リファレンスは獣医専門家の臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断または製造業者の最新医薬品情報の代替にはなりません。