ウルソジオール
ウルソジオールは天然の親水性胆汁酸であり、主に犬や猫の肝胆道疾患の補助治療として使用されます。肝保護作用、利胆作用、免疫調節作用を持ち、毒性のある胆汁酸による肝細胞の破壊を軽減し、コレステロール胆石の溶解を助けます。
作用機序: Ursodiol exerts its effects through multiple hepatoprotective and choleretic pathways: * **Cholesterol Reduction:** Suppresses hepatic synthesis and secretion of cholesterol and decreases intestinal absorption of cholesterol. * **Gallstone Solubilization:** By reducing cholesterol saturation in the bile, it allows the solubilization of cholesterol-containing gallstones. * **Choleretic Effect:** Increases bile flow, which helps flush toxic bile acids from the liver. * **Cytoprotection:** Reduces the hepatocyte toxic effects of endogenous hydrophobic bile salts (e.g., lithocholate, deoxycholate) by decreasing their detergent action on cell membranes, thereby protecting hepatic cells from apoptosis and necrosis.
動物種別の用量
- Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy · 10-15 mg/kg PO once daily · PO · q24h · Safe and potentially beneficial.
- Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis · 11-15.4 mg/kg PO either once daily or divided twice daily · PO · q12h-q24h · May use as primary or adjunctive therapy. Cats usually get 1/6th of a capsule mixed with a small amount of food. Cats may still eat their food even if drug is sprinkled on top.
- Adjunctive treatment of chronic hepatitis · 10 mg/kg/day PO · PO · q24h
- Adjunctive treatment of liver disease · 10-15 mg/kg PO once daily · PO · q24h
- Adjunctive treatment of chronic hepatitis · 5-15 mg/kg PO divided q12h · PO · q12h · With immunosuppressive therapy. Note: Use of this drug at this dose is preliminary, but promising.
- Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy · 10-15 mg/kg PO once daily · PO · q24h · Safe and potentially beneficial.
- Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis · 11-15.4 mg/kg PO either once daily or divided twice daily · PO · q12h-q24h · May use as primary or adjunctive therapy.
用量は獣医療従事者向けの臨床リファレンスです。必ず最新の添付文書と個々の患者で確認してください。
投与経路
禁忌
- Rabbits and other hindgut fermenters (converted to toxic lithocholic acid)
- Biliary obstruction
- Biliary fistulas
- Cholecystitis
- Pancreatitis
- Cholangitis (if complete obstruction is present)
有害事象
- Diarrhea
- Gastrointestinal upset (rare)
薬物相互作用
- Aluminum-containing antacids · May bind to ursodiol, thereby reducing its efficacy
- Cholestyramine resin · May bind to ursodiol, thereby reducing its efficacy
- Taurine · Theoretical concern that chronic administration in cats may lead to taurine deficiency
モニタリング
- Efficacy via ultrasonography for gallstones
- Improved liver function tests for chronic hepatic disease
- SGPT/SGOT (AST/ALT) on a routine basis
過量投与
Overdosage of ursodiol would most likely cause **diarrhea**. **Treatment:** * Supportive therapy. * Oral administration of an aluminum-containing antacid (e.g., aluminum hydroxide suspension) to bind the drug. * Gastric emptying (if large overdose occurred recently) with concurrent administration of activated charcoal or cholestyramine suspension.
VetSheet の薬剤リファレンスは、獣医療従事者向けの臨床意思決定支援を目的としており、専門的判断やメーカーの最新添付文書に代わるものではありません。