아카보스

경구용 항당뇨병제 / 항고혈당제

아카보스는 주로 개와 고양이의 당뇨병 보조 치료제로 사용되는 **경구용 항고혈당제**입니다. 식후 장에서 포도당이 흡수되는 속도와 양을 줄여줍니다. 단독 요법으로는 효과가 낮아 일반적으로 인슐린 및 식이 요법과 병용합니다.

작용 기전: Acarbose acts locally within the gastrointestinal tract and does not stimulate insulin secretion. * It competitively inhibits pancreatic **alpha-amylase** and intestinal brush-border **alpha-glucosidases** (such as sucrase, maltase, and isomaltase). * **Mechanism Pathway:** Inhibition of these enzymes → delayed digestion of complex carbohydrates and disaccharides into absorbable monosaccharides → glucose is absorbed further down the GI tract at a slower rate → blunts the postprandial blood glucose spike → reduces overall insulin requirements. * **Note:** Acarbose has no inhibitory effect on lactase.

동물 종별 용량

Cats

Improve glycemic control and reduce insulin dependence · 12.5-25 mg (total dose) PO with meals. · PO · with meals · When acarbose is used with a low carbohydrate diet it may improve glycemic control and reduce insulin dependence.
Reduce insulin dosage and thereby reduce hypoglycemia occurrence · 12.5 mg per cat PO twice daily with meals. · PO · twice daily
Adjunctive glycemic control · 12.5-20 mg (total dose) per meal PO · PO · per meal

Dogs

For dogs poorly controlled with insulin and dietary therapy when another reason for the poor control cannot be identified · Initially 12.5-25 mg total dose per dog PO with each meal. May increase dose after two weeks to 50 mg per dog and then to 100 mg per dog (in large dogs, >25 kg) if response has been inadequate. · PO · with each meal · Give only at the time of feeding. There is a greater chance of diarrhea at the higher dosages.
Adjunctive glycemic control · 12.5-20 mg (total dose) per meal PO · PO · per meal

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

금기

Underweight animals (may have deleterious effects on nutritional status)
Known hypersensitivity to acarbose
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Inflammatory bowel disease
Colonic ulceration
Partial intestinal obstruction or predisposition to obstruction
Chronic intestinal disease with marked disorders of digestion or absorption
Conditions where excessive gas formation would be detrimental

이상반응

Flatulence
Soft stools
Diarrhea (dose-dependent)
Weight loss (reported in dogs)
May contribute to hypoglycemia if used concurrently with other hypoglycemic agents (e.g., insulin)

약물 상호작용

Charcoal · Intestinal adsorbents may reduce the efficacy of acarbose.
Digoxin · Acarbose may reduce digoxin blood concentrations.
Hyperglycemic Agents (corticosteroids, thiazides, estrogens, phenothiazines, thyroid hormones, calcium channel blockers) · May negate the antihyperglycemic effects of acarbose.
Pancreatin, Pancrelipase, or Amylase · Exogenous enzyme formulations may reduce the efficacy of acarbose.

모니터링

Serum glucose concentrations
Adverse GI effects (diarrhea, flatulence, weight loss)
Serum aminotransferase levels (rarely elevated with long-term high-dose use)

과용량

Acute overdosages are likely to cause only **diarrhea and flatulence**. No specific treatment should be necessary for the GI upset. > **Hypoglycemia Warning:** Should acute hypoglycemia occur secondary to concurrent use of other antihypoglycemics (like insulin), **parenteral glucose** should be administered. If treating orally, you MUST use **glucose/dextrose** (do not use sucrose/table sugar, as acarbose prevents its breakdown and absorption).

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.