아카보스

Acarbose

Complex oligosaccharide

다른 이름: Precose · Glucobay · Prandase · Glucor · Glumida · Bay-g-5421 · Asucrose · Glicobase

VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료

Initially 12.5-25 mg total dose per dog PO with each meal. May increase dose after two weeks to 50 mg per dog and then to 100 mg per dog (in large dogs, >25 kg) if response has been inadequate.PO· with each meal

12.5–25 mg — 개체당 고정 용량(체중에 따라 환산하지 않음)

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

동물 종별 용량

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

개

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For dogs poorly controlled with insulin and dietary therapy when another reason for the poor control cannot be identified	Initially 12.5-25 mg total dose per dog PO with each meal. May increase dose after two weeks to 50 mg per dog and then to 100 mg per dog (in large dogs, >25 kg) if response has been inadequate.	PO	with each meal	—	🌎 NA
Adjunctive glycemic control	12.5-20 mg (total dose) per meal PO	PO	per meal	—	🌎 NA

For dogs poorly controlled with insulin and dietary therapy when another reason for the poor control cannot be identified: Give only at the time of feeding. There is a greater chance of diarrhea at the higher dosages.

고양이

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
Improve glycemic control and reduce insulin dependence	12.5-25 mg (total dose) PO with meals.	PO	with meals	—	🌎 NA
Reduce insulin dosage and thereby reduce hypoglycemia occurrence	12.5 mg per cat PO twice daily with meals.	PO	twice daily	—	🌎 NA
Adjunctive glycemic control	12.5-20 mg (total dose) per meal PO	PO	per meal	—	🌎 NA

Improve glycemic control and reduce insulin dependence: When acarbose is used with a low carbohydrate diet it may improve glycemic control and reduce insulin dependence.

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

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개요

아카보스는 주로 개와 고양이의 당뇨병 보조 치료제로 사용되는 경구용 항고혈당제입니다. 식후 장에서 포도당이 흡수되는 속도와 양을 줄여줍니다. 단독 요법으로는 효과가 낮아 일반적으로 인슐린 및 식이 요법과 병용합니다.

작용 기전

Acarbose acts locally within the gastrointestinal tract and does not stimulate insulin secretion.

It competitively inhibits pancreatic alpha-amylase and intestinal brush-border alpha-glucosidases (such as sucrase, maltase, and isomaltase).
Mechanism Pathway: Inhibition of these enzymes → delayed digestion of complex carbohydrates and disaccharides into absorbable monosaccharides → glucose is absorbed further down the GI tract at a slower rate → blunts the postprandial blood glucose spike → reduces overall insulin requirements.
Note: Acarbose has no inhibitory effect on lactase.

안전성·주의사항

금기사항

Underweight animals (may have deleterious effects on nutritional status)
Known hypersensitivity to acarbose
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Inflammatory bowel disease
Colonic ulceration
Partial intestinal obstruction or predisposition to obstruction
Chronic intestinal disease with marked disorders of digestion or absorption
Conditions where excessive gas formation would be detrimental

부작용

Flatulence
Soft stools
Diarrhea (dose-dependent)
Weight loss (reported in dogs)
May contribute to hypoglycemia if used concurrently with other hypoglycemic agents (e.g., insulin)

주의

Important Precautions:

Hepatic/Renal Impairment: Use with caution in patients with renal dysfunction or severe liver disease. Patients with severe renal dysfunction may attain serum levels approximately 5 times those of normal subjects.
Pregnancy: Safety in pregnancy has not been established (FDA Category B in humans). Weigh potential risks versus benefits.
Hypoglycemia Risk: While acarbose alone does not cause hypoglycemia, it can exacerbate it when used with insulin. If oral treatment for hypoglycemia is needed, use pure glucose (dextrose), NOT sucrose, as acarbose blocks the breakdown of sucrose.

약물 상호작용

Charcoal

Intestinal adsorbents may reduce the efficacy of acarbose.

Digoxin

Acarbose may reduce digoxin blood concentrations.

Hyperglycemic Agents (corticosteroids, thiazides, estrogens, phenothiazines, thyroid hormones, calcium channel blockers)

May negate the antihyperglycemic effects of acarbose.

Pancreatin, Pancrelipase, or Amylase

Exogenous enzyme formulations may reduce the efficacy of acarbose.

모니터링

Serum glucose concentrations
Adverse GI effects (diarrhea, flatulence, weight loss)
Serum aminotransferase levels (rarely elevated with long-term high-dose use)

약동학

흡수

In dogs, about 4% of an oral dose is absorbed systemically. In humans, only about 2% is absorbed.

대사

Practically all remaining drug in the gut is metabolized locally in the GI tract by intestinal bacteria.

배설

The small fraction of the drug that is absorbed systemically is excreted by the kidneys.

과다투여

Acute overdosages are likely to cause only diarrhea and flatulence. No specific treatment should be necessary for the GI upset.

Hypoglycemia Warning: Should acute hypoglycemia occur secondary to concurrent use of other antihypoglycemics (like insulin), parenteral glucose should be administered. If treating orally, you MUST use glucose/dextrose (do not use sucrose/table sugar, as acarbose prevents its breakdown and absorption).

제품

제형

Oral tablets

인용의약품

Acarbose Oral Tablets: 25 mg, 50 mg & 100 mg (Precose®, generic)

규제 현황

규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

보관·안정성

Do not store tablets above 25°C (77°F); protect from moisture. Tablets may be split or crushed and mixed with food just prior to administration.

보호자 정보

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