아미노펜타미드
Aminopentamide
4-(dimethylamino)-2,2-diphenylvaleramide
다른 이름: Centrine · Aminopentamide hydrogen sulfate · Dimevamid
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute abdominal visceral spasm, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea | 10 lbs or less: 0.1 mg; 11-20 lbs: 0.2 mg; 21-50 lbs: 0.3 mg; 51-100 lbs: 0.4 mg; over 100 lbs: 0.5 mg. If desired effect is not attained, dosage may be gradually increased up to 5 times these amounts. | PO, IM, SC | q8-12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| To decrease tenesmus in malabsorption/maldigestion syndromes | 0.1-0.4 mg (total dose) | SC, IM | BID-TID | — | 🌎 NA |
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute abdominal visceral spasm, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea | 10 lbs or less: 0.1 mg; 11-20 lbs: 0.2 mg; 21-50 lbs: 0.3 mg; 51-100 lbs: 0.4 mg; over 100 lbs: 0.5 mg. If desired effect is not attained, dosage may be gradually increased up to 5 times these amounts. | PO, IM, SC | q8-12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Second-line adjunctive therapy for refractory IBD | 0.1-0.4 mg/kg | SC | BID-TID | — | 🌎 NA |
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
아미노펜타미드는 개와 고양이의 급성 복부 내장 경련, 유문 경련, 비후성 위염 및 이와 관련된 메스꺼움, 구토 또는 설사를 관리하는 데 역사적으로 사용된 수의학 전용 항콜린제 및 진경제입니다.
임상 팁: 과거에는 흔히 사용되었으나, 장폐색 및 전신 부작용 유발 위험으로 인해 비특이적 위장관 장애에 대한 전신 항콜린제 사용은 현재 마로피탄트나 온단세트론과 같은 표적 최토제 및 위장관 운동 촉진제로 대체되는 추세입니다.
작용 기전
Aminopentamide acts as a competitive antagonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) in the parasympathetic nervous system. By blocking acetylcholine binding, it inhibits parasympathetic tone.
- GI Tract: → Decreases smooth muscle contractions (reducing colonic spasms) and reduces gastric acid secretion.
- Systemic: Compared to atropine, it reportedly has a greater targeted effect on reducing colonic contractions with relatively fewer mydriatic (pupil dilating) and salivary (dry mouth) effects, though classic anticholinergic signs can still occur.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Glaucoma (absolute contraindication)
- Pyloric obstruction
- Hypersensitivity to anticholinergic drugs
- Tachycardias secondary to thyrotoxicosis or cardiac insufficiency
- Myocardial ischemia
- Unstable cardiac status during acute hemorrhage
- GI obstructive disease
- Paralytic ileus
- Severe ulcerative colitis
- Obstructive uropathy
- Myasthenia gravis (unless used to reverse adverse muscarinic effects)
- Known or suspected GI infections (e.g., parvovirus enteritis)
부작용
- Dry mouth (xerostomia)
- Dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
- Blurred vision (mydriasis)
- Urinary hesitancy or retention
- Tachycardia
- Decreased GI motility (constipation/ileus)
주의
Warning: Antimuscarinic agents can decrease GI motility, potentially prolonging the retention of toxins or infectious agents (e.g., parvovirus). Use with extreme caution in these cases.
Use with caution in patients with:
- Hepatic or renal disease
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypertension
- Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) or tachyarrhythmias
- Prostatic hypertrophy
- Esophageal reflux
- Geriatric or pediatric patients
약물 상호작용
May enhance the activity of anticholinergic derivatives
May enhance the activity of anticholinergic derivatives
May enhance the activity of anticholinergic derivatives
May enhance the activity of anticholinergic derivatives
May enhance the activity of anticholinergic derivatives
May enhance the activity of anticholinergic derivatives
May potentiate the adverse effects of anticholinergic derivatives
May potentiate the adverse effects of anticholinergic derivatives
May potentiate the adverse effects of anticholinergic derivatives
May increase intraocular pressure
Anticholinergic derivatives may enhance actions
Anticholinergic derivatives may enhance actions
Anticholinergic derivatives may enhance actions
Anticholinergic derivatives may antagonize metoclopramide actions
모니터링
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of spasms, vomiting, or diarrhea)
- Heart rate (monitor for tachycardia)
- Urination frequency and volume (monitor for urinary retention)
- Eye moisture and pupil size
과다투여
No specific information was located regarding acute overdosage clinical signs or treatment for aminopentamide. Guidelines for atropine overdose may be applied:
- Decontamination: If recent oral ingestion, empty gut contents and administer activated charcoal and saline cathartics.
- Supportive Care: Treat clinical signs symptomatically. Fluid therapy and standard treatments for shock may be instituted. Do not use phenothiazines as they may contribute to anticholinergic effects.
- Antidote (Severe Cases): The use of physostigmine is controversial and reserved for extreme agitation or life-threatening supraventricular/sinus tachycardias. Human pediatric dose (reasonable for small animals): 0.02 mg/kg slow IV, repeat q10 minutes until reversal of toxic effects. Physostigmine adverse effects (bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, seizures) may be treated with small doses of IV atropine.
제품
제형
- Tablets
- Injection
동물용의약품
- Aminopentamide Hydrogen Sulfate Tablets: 0.2 mg; Centrine® (Pfizer)
- Aminopentamide Hydrogen Sulfate Injection: 0.5 mg/mL in 10 mL vials; Centrine® (Pfizer)
규제 현황
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Store aminopentamide tablets and injection at controlled room temperature (15-30°C; 59-86°F).
보호자 정보
아미노펜타미드는 위장 경련을 완화하는 데 도움을 줍니다.
- 부작용 주의: 반려동물에게 구갈(입마름), 안구 건조 또는 동공 확장이 나타날 수 있습니다.
- 중요: 이 약은 요폐(소변이 나오지 않음)를 유발할 수 있으므로, 반려동물이 소변을 볼 때 힘들어하거나, 소변을 보지 못하거나, 매우 불편해 보인다면 즉시 수의사에게 연락하십시오.
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