염화암모늄

동물 종별 용량

투여 경로

금기

• Severe hepatic disease
• Uremia
• Urate calculi
• Respiratory acidosis
• Severe renal insufficiency with metabolic alkalosis secondary to vomiting

이상반응

• Metabolic acidosis
• Gastric irritation
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Pain at injection site (IV)
• Increased risk of calcium oxalate urolith formation (cats)

약물 상호작용

• Aminoglycosides · Urine acidification may diminish effectiveness in treating bacterial urinary tract infections
• Erythromycin · Urine acidification may diminish effectiveness in treating bacterial urinary tract infections
• Quinidine · Urine acidification may increase renal excretion

모니터링

• Urine pH (goal is ≤6.5)
• Blood pH (if clinical signs of toxicity or treating metabolic alkalosis)
• Serum electrolytes (with chronic use or treating metabolic acidosis)
• Carbon dioxide combining power of serum (prior to IV use to prevent serious acidosis)

과용량

**Clinical Signs:** Nausea, vomiting, excessive thirst, hyperventilation, bradycardia or other arrhythmias, and progressive CNS depression. Laboratory results may show profound acidosis and hypokalemia. **Treatment:** * Correct acidosis by administering sodium bicarbonate or sodium acetate intravenously. * Treat hypokalemia using a suitable oral (if possible) potassium product. * Perform intense, ongoing acid-base and electrolyte monitoring until the patient is stable.