바클로펜

GABA 유도체 근이완제

바클로펜은 중추성 골격근 이완제입니다. 수의학에서는 주로 요도 괄약근의 긴장을 낮춰 개에서 기능성 요정체를 치료하는 데 오프라벨로 사용됩니다. **임상 요점:** * 동물에서 안전역이 매우 좁으며, 사람의 약물을 우발적으로 섭취하여 중독되는 사례가 자주 보고됩니다. * **고양이에게는 절대 금기입니다.** * 치료 용량에서는 혈액뇌장벽을 잘 통과하지 못해 중추 효과가 제한적이지만, 대량 과다 복용 시 심각한 중추신경계 억제를 유발합니다.

작용 기전: Baclofen is a structural analog of the inhibitory neurotransmitter **GABA** (gamma-aminobutyric acid). It acts primarily as a **GABA-B receptor agonist** at the spinal cord level. * Activation of **GABA-B receptors** → hyperpolarization of primary afferent nerve terminals → inhibition of the release of excitatory neurotransmitters (such as glutamate and aspartate). * This reduces **gamma efferent neuronal activity**, decreasing the frequency and amplitude of muscle spasms. * In the lower urinary tract, it specifically reduces **striated sphincter tone** in the urethra, facilitating bladder emptying.

동물 종별 용량

Dogs

To treat urinary retention by decreasing urethral resistance · 1-2 mg/kg · PO · q8h
To treat urinary retention by decreasing urethral resistance · 5-10 mg (total dose) · PO · q8h

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

POIntrathecal (human label, rarely used in veterinary medicine)

금기

Cats (strictly not recommended)
Hypersensitivity to baclofen

이상반응

Sedation
Weakness
Pruritus
Salivation
Gastrointestinal distress (nausea, abdominal cramping)

약물 상호작용

CNS Depressants · May cause additive CNS depression

모니터링

Efficacy (improvement in urination)
Adverse effects (sedation, weakness, GI signs)

과용량

Baclofen has a narrow margin of safety in dogs. * **Toxicity Thresholds:** Deaths have been reported at doses as low as **8 mg/kg**. Clinical signs can appear at doses as low as **1.3 mg/kg**. * **Clinical Signs:** Vomiting, depression, vocalization, hypersalivation, ataxia, hypotonia, muscle twitching, hypothermia, and lethargy. Massive overdoses may cause respiratory depression, coma, or seizures. * **Onset & Duration:** Signs can occur 15 minutes to 7 hours post-ingestion and persist for hours to days. * **Treatment:** * In alert patients, empty the gut (emesis/lavage). * **Avoid** magnesium-containing saline cathartics (may compound CNS depression). * Forced fluid diuresis may enhance excretion. * Mechanical ventilation for respiratory depression. * **Cyproheptadine** (1.1 mg/kg PO or PR) may alleviate vocalization and disorientation. * Atropine may improve ventilation, HR, BP, and body temperature. * Diazepam for seizures. * **Intravenous Lipid Emulsion (ILE)** may be useful as baclofen is lipid-soluble.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.