베타네콜

투여 경로

금기

• Bladder neck or urinary outflow obstruction
• Questionable bladder wall integrity (e.g., recent bladder surgery)
• Hyperthyroidism
• Peptic ulcer disease or inflammatory GI lesions
• Recent GI surgery with resections/anastomoses
• GI obstruction or peritonitis
• Hypersensitivity to bethanechol
• Epilepsy
• Asthma
• Coronary artery disease or occlusion
• Hypotension
• Severe bradycardia
• Vagotonia or vasomotor instability

이상반응

• Salivation
• Lacrimation
• Urination
• Defecation
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Anorexia
• Bradycardia (high dose/SC)
• Arrhythmias (high dose/SC)
• Hypotension (high dose/SC)
• Asthma/Dyspnea (high dose/SC)
• Abdominal pain (horses)

약물 상호작용

• Anticholinergic drugs (e.g., atropine, glycopyrrolate, propantheline) · Can antagonize bethanechol's effects
• Other cholinergic drugs · Additive toxicity and increased risk of cholinergic crisis · major
• Atropine · Antagonizes the effects of bethanechol · moderate

모니터링

• Clinical efficacy (successful urination, reduction in residual bladder volume)
• Signs of cholinergic toxicity (SLUD: salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation)
• Heart rate and rhythm (if given parenterally)

과용량

Clinical signs of overdosage are basically cholinergic in nature. - **Mild/Moderate Toxicity**: Muscarinic effects (salivation, urination, defecation, vomiting) are usually seen with oral or SC administration. - **Severe Toxicity**: If given IM or IV, a full-blown **cholinergic crisis** can occur, characterized by circulatory collapse, bloody diarrhea, shock, and possible cardiac arrest. - **Treatment**: **Atropine** is the specific antidote for bethanechol toxicity. Epinephrine may also be employed to treat clinical signs of severe bronchospasm.