블레오마이신

항종양제 - 항종양 항생제

블레오마이신은 *Streptomyces verticillus*에서 유래한 글리코펩타이드 항종양 항생제입니다. **주요 임상 용도:** * 개와 고양이의 림프종, 편평세포암(SCC), 기형종 및 비기능성 갑상선 종양의 보조 치료. * **전기화학요법(ECT):** 병변 내 전기천공법과 결합할 때 매우 효과적이며, 국소 종양(예: 고양이 비경 편평세포암, 반려견 비만세포종)에 대한 세포 내 약물 농도를 크게 증가시킵니다. **독성 특징:** 많은 전통적인 화학요법제와 달리 블레오마이신은 일반적으로 **골수 억제를 거의 일으키지 않습니다**. 그러나 **폐섬유증** 및 피부 독성의 심각한 위험을 수반합니다. 이러한 독특한 독성 프로파일은 폐와 피부에 약물을 비활성화하는 효소인 *블레오마이신 가수분해효소*가 부족하기 때문에 발생합니다.

작용 기전: Bleomycin acts primarily by inducing **single- and double-strand DNA breaks**. * **Mechanism:** The drug possesses a DNA-binding domain and an iron-binding domain. It binds to DNA and chelates intracellular **Fe²⁺** (ferrous iron). * **Oxidative Cleavage:** The Bleomycin-Fe²⁺ complex reacts with oxygen to generate highly reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals → oxidative cleavage of the DNA phosphodiester backbone. * **Cell Cycle:** It is considered cell-cycle phase-specific, primarily arresting cells in the **G2 and M phases**. * **Resistance:** Mediated by decreased cellular uptake, increased DNA repair mechanisms, or increased cellular expression of **bleomycin hydrolase** (the enzyme responsible for its degradation).

동물 종별 용량

Cats

Antineoplastic therapy (General guide) · 10 Units mg/m2 (NOT mg/kg) or 0.3-0.5 mg/kg · Parenteral · Varies (e.g., once daily for a few days then once weekly, or once weekly at the start) · Do not exceed total maximum dosage of 125-200 mg/m2 · 1 Unit = 1 mg. Consultation with a veterinary oncologist is strongly recommended.

Dogs

Antineoplastic therapy (General guide) · 10 Units mg/m2 (NOT mg/kg) or 0.3-0.5 mg/kg · Parenteral · Varies (e.g., once daily for a few days then once weekly, or once weekly at the start) · Do not exceed total maximum dosage of 125-200 mg/m2 · 1 Unit = 1 mg. Consultation with a veterinary oncologist is strongly recommended.

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

IVIMSCIntralesional

금기

Prior hypersensitivity reactions to the drug
Preexisting pulmonary disease
Adverse pulmonary effects from prior therapy
Pregnancy (unless owners accept the associated teratogenic risks)

이상반응

Fever
Anorexia
Vomiting
Allergic reactions (including anaphylaxis)
Alopecia
Skin rashes
Stomatitis
Pneumonitis
Pulmonary fibrosis (potentially fatal)
Thrombocytopenia (mild)
Leukopenia (mild)
Decreased hemoglobin
Renal toxicity
Hepatotoxicity

약물 상호작용

General Anesthetics · Bleomycin sensitizes lung tissue to oxygen. Use of general anesthetics can cause rapid deterioration of pulmonary function and post-operative pulmonary fibrosis, even at safe inspired oxygen concentrations.
Other Chemotherapy Agents or Radiation Therapy · Prior or concomitant use can lead to increased hematologic, mucosal, and pulmonary toxicities.

모니터링

Efficacy (tumor response)
Pulmonary Toxicity: Chest radiographs (baseline and regularly, e.g., q1-2 weeks), lung auscultation (monitor for dyspnea and fine rales)
Blood chemistry (renal and hepatic function markers)
Hematologic profiles (CBC)
Total cumulative dose accumulation (do not exceed 125-200 mg/m2)

과용량

No specific information was located in the monograph. Because of the high toxicity and low therapeutic index of the drug, it is critical to determine dosages carefully. Overdosage would likely manifest as severe exacerbations of acute toxicities (anaphylaxis, fever, vomiting) and accelerated onset of delayed toxicities (pulmonary fibrosis, stomatitis).

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.