카베르골린
Cabergoline
1-[(6-allylergolin-8β-yl)carbonyl]-1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylurea
다른 이름: Dostinex · Galastop · Cabasar · Actualene · Sostilar · Kelactin · FCE-21336 · cabergolina · Cabergolinum
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estrus induction | 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily induces fertile proestrus in 4-25 days. | PO | q24h | 4-25 days | 🌎 NA |
| Estrus induction | 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily until an induced proestrus is pronounced for 2 days or until onset of estrus | PO | q24h | Until proestrus is pronounced for 2 days or onset of estrus | 🌎 NA |
| Estrus induction | 0.6 micrograms/kg PO once daily. Make a 10 micrograms per mL solution by dissolving commercial tablets in warm distilled water (One 0.5 mg tablet (500 micrograms) per 50 mL of distilled water.) Give the appropriate dose for the patient within 15 minutes of preparation and discard the remaining solution. Continue until day 2 after the onset of the first signs of proestrus, or until day 42 without signs of proestrus. | PO | q24h | Until day 2 after onset of proestrus, or up to 42 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pseudocyesis (pseudopregnancy) | 5 micrograms/kg once a day PO for 5-10 days. | PO | q24h | 5-10 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pseudocyesis | 5 micrograms/kg once a day or every other day SC | SC | q24h or q48h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Pseudocyesis | 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily for 4-5 days; occasional failures can be handled by repeating treatment and extending duration to 8-10 days. | PO | q24h | 4-5 days (up to 8-10 days) | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of mastitis after puppies weaned | 5 micrograms/kg PO daily. | PO | q24h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Pre-treat mammary tumors prior to surgery (during diestrous period) | 5 micrograms/kg PO 5-7 days before surgery. | PO | q24h | 5-7 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pregnancy termination | Administer after day 40: 5 micrograms/kg PO for 5 days | PO | q24h | 5 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pregnancy termination | Between days 35-45: Cabergoline 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily for 7 days in food and cloprostenol at 1 microgram/kg SC (after a tenfold dilution with physiologic saline) on days 1 and 3 given at least 8 hours after food. If pregnancy not terminated by day 8, cabergoline continued (at same dose) until day 12. | PO | q24h | 7-12 days | 🌎 NA |
| Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's Disease) | 0.1 mg/kg PO every 3 days. | PO | q72h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Pseudopregnancy / Suppression of lactation | 5 μg/kg | PO | sid | 4-6 days | 🌍 EU |
| Estrus induction | 5 μg/kg | PO | sid | Until proestrus begins (up to 40 days) | 🌍 EU |
- Estrus induction: 81% (22 of 27) of dogs treated at this low dose showed proestrus between days 4 and 48.
- Pseudocyesis: Likely needs to be compounded.
- Pseudocyesis: Additional protocols for treatment failures include combining cabergoline with metergoline (500 micrograms/kg PO twice daily), or cabergoline with bromocriptine (10-30 micrograms/kg PO twice daily).
- Pregnancy termination: Approximately 50% effective.
- Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's Disease): Effective in 70% of dogs treated. Dogs with tumor sizes greater than 5 mm did not respond.
- Pseudopregnancy / Suppression of lactation: Administer directly into the mouth or mixed with food.
- Estrus induction: Off-label use.
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy termination | At 30 days post-coitus, cabergoline at 5 micrograms/kg PO q24h and cloprostenol 5 micrograms/kg SC q48h in 7-13 days was used to induce abortion. | PO | q24h | 7-13 days | 🌎 NA |
| Reduce prolactin production in queens | 5 micrograms/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
| Pre-treat mammary tumors prior to surgery (during diestrous period) | 5 micrograms/kg PO 5-7 days before surgery. | PO | q24h | 5-7 days | 🌎 NA |
| Suppression of lactation / Pseudopregnancy | 5 μg/kg | PO | sid | 4-6 days | 🌍 EU |
- Suppression of lactation / Pseudopregnancy: Off-label in some regions, but widely used.
새
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Persistent egg laying in psittacines (in combination with removal of males, altered light cycle) | Initially 10-20 micrograms/kg PO daily; higher dosages were also used. | PO | q24h | Not specified | 🌎 NA |
- Persistent egg laying in psittacines (in combination with removal of males, altered light cycle): Further work needed to determine the exact dose rate.
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
카베르골린(Cabergoline)은 강력한 프로락틴 저하 효과를 위해 수의학에서 주로 사용되는 합성 맥각 유도체입니다.
- 주요 적응증: 개와 고양이의 위임신(상상임신) 치료, 발정 유도/동기화, 임신 중절 및 유선염 관리.
- 임상적 장점: 브로모크립틴과 같은 구형 도파민 작용제와 비교할 때, 카베르골린은 내약성이 훨씬 우수하며 수용체 특이성이 높고 작용 시간이 길며 구토 발생률이 현저히 낮습니다.
- 허가 외 사용: 개의 뇌하수체 의존성 부신피질기능항진증(쿠싱 증후군) 및 앵무새의 지속적인 산란 치료에 일부 효능을 보였습니다.
- 비용 고려사항: 대형견의 경우 비용이 많이 들 수 있으나, 현재 제네릭 정제를 사용할 수 있습니다. 정확한 수의학적 용량을 위해 약사의 조제가 필요한 경우가 많습니다.
작용 기전
Cabergoline is a highly specific, long-acting dopamine D2 receptor agonist.
- Mechanism: It binds with high affinity to D2 receptors on lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
- Pathway: D2 receptor activation → inhibition of adenylyl cyclase → decreased intracellular cAMP → direct suppression of prolactin synthesis and secretion.
- Reproductive Impact: Because prolactin is luteotropic in dogs and cats (it maintains the corpus luteum during the second half of pregnancy), suppressing prolactin leads to a drop in progesterone. This mechanism is responsible for its ability to terminate pregnancy, resolve pseudopregnancy, and induce estrus.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Pregnancy (unless abortion is desired)
- Hypersensitivity to ergot derivatives
- Uncontrolled hypertension (in humans)
- Nursing mothers
부작용
- Vomiting (infrequent, alleviated by food)
- Coat color changes (in dogs treated >14 days)
- Postural hypotension (reported in humans)
- Dizziness (reported in humans)
- Headache (reported in humans)
- Nausea (reported in humans)
주의
Warning: Will cause spontaneous abortion in pregnant animals. Do not use unless pregnancy termination is the specific goal.
- Hepatic Impairment: Patients with significantly impaired liver function should receive the drug with caution, and possibly at a lower dosage.
- Estrus Induction: When using to induce estrus, it is recommended to wait at least 4 months after the prior cycle to allow the uterus to recover.
- Nursing: Because cabergoline suppresses prolactin, it should not be used in nursing mothers.
약물 상호작용
Concomitant use may cause additive hypotension due to cabergoline's hypotensive effects.
Use with cabergoline may reduce the efficacy of both drugs and should be avoided.
Use of cabergoline with dopamine (D2) antagonists may reduce the efficacy of both drugs and should be avoided.
Antagonizes the therapeutic effect of cabergoline
May antagonize cabergoline effects due to dopamine receptor blockade
Additive hypotensive effects
모니터링
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of pseudopregnancy, estrus induction, etc.)
- Adverse effects (vomiting, behavioral changes)
약동학
반감기
흡수
Absorbed after oral dosing but absolute bioavailability is not known. Food does not appear to significantly alter absorption.
분포
Moderately bound to plasma proteins (≈50%).
대사
Extensively metabolized in the liver via hydrolysis.
배설
Metabolites and about 4% of unchanged drug are excreted into the urine. Renal dysfunction does not appear to significantly alter elimination characteristics.
과다투여
Overdose information is not available for dogs or cats, and remains very limited for humans.
- Potential Signs: It is postulated that cabergoline overdoses could cause severe hypotension, nasal congestion, syncope, or hallucinations.
- Treatment: Treatment is basically supportive and primarily focuses on supporting cardiovascular function and blood pressure.
제품
제형
- Oral tablets
- Oral liquid
- Injection
동물용의약품
- Galastop® 50 micrograms/mL oral liquid (miglyol base) (Europe)
- Galastop® Injectable (available in some countries)
인용의약품
- Cabergoline Oral Tablets: 0.5 mg (500 micrograms) (generic, Rx)
- Dostinex®
규제 현황
Approved for treatment of false pregnancy in bitches.
POM-V classification.
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Commercially available tablets should be stored at controlled room temperature (20°-25°C; 68°-77°F). The veterinary oral liquid product Galastop® should be stored below 25°C and protected from light. Do not refrigerate. Once opened, it should be used within 28 days. Cabergoline is unstable in aqueous suspensions; if compounded into a liquid not for immediate use, it should be in a lipid-based product. Fresh aqueous solutions for immediate use are stable.
보호자 정보
- 목적: 수의사가 위임신(상상임신) 치료, 발정 유도 또는 기타 생식 관련 질환을 관리하기 위해 카베르골린을 처방했습니다.
- 투여 방법: 위장 장애를 줄이기 위해 이 약을 음식과 함께 먹이십시오.
- 부작용: 일반적으로 내약성이 좋으나 가벼운 구토가 발생할 수 있습니다. 구토가 심하거나 지속되면 수의사에게 연락하십시오.
- 경고: 수의사가 임신 중절을 위해 특별히 처방하지 않은 한 임신한 반려동물에게 절대 투여하지 마십시오. 유산을 유발할 수 있습니다. 수유 중인 반려동물에게도 투여하지 마십시오.
- 참고: 반려견이 이 약을 14일 이상 복용하는 경우, 털 색깔이 일시적으로 변하는 것을 관찰할 수 있습니다.
VetSheet 의약품 참고자료는 수의사 전문가의 임상 의사결정 지원을 위한 것이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 약물 정보를 대체할 수 없습니다.