세푸록심
Cefuroxime
Cefuroxime axetil, Cefuroxime sodium
다른 이름: Ceftin · Zinacef · Aprokam · Zinnat · CCI-15641 · cefuroxima · cefuroximum · cefuroksiimi · cefuroksimas · Cefuroxime axetil · Cefuroxime sodium
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soft tissue infections | 10 mg/kg PO q12h | PO | q12h | 10 days | 🌎 NA |
| Systemic infections | 15 mg/kg IV q8h | IV | q8h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Meningitis | 30 mg/kg IV q8h | IV | q8h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Surgery prophylaxis | 20 mg/kg IV 30 minutes prior to surgery and every 2 hours during surgery. | IV | 30 mins prior and q2h during | Perioperative | 🌎 NA |
| Surgical prophylaxis | 20 mg/kg | IV | 30 min prior to surgery and then repeat q1.5-3h during surgery | Perioperative | 🌍 EU |
| Susceptible infections | 10-30 mg/kg | IV | q8-12h | As directed | 🌍 EU |
- Soft tissue infections: Extrapolated from human dosages.
- Systemic infections: Extrapolated from human dosages.
- Meningitis: Extrapolated from human dosages.
- Surgical prophylaxis: Administer slowly over 5 min
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical prophylaxis | 20 mg/kg | IV | 30 min prior to surgery and then repeat q1.5-3h during surgery | Perioperative | 🌍 EU |
| Susceptible infections | 10-30 mg/kg | IV | q8-12h | As directed | 🌍 EU |
- Surgical prophylaxis: Administer slowly over 5 min
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
세푸록심은 경구용(악세틸) 및 주사용(나트륨) 제제로 제공되는 반합성 2세대 세팔로스포린계 항생제입니다.
- 항균 스펙트럼: 1세대 세팔로스포린(예: 세팔렉신)과 비교하여 특정 그람 음성 병원균(예: 대장균, 폐렴막대균, 살모넬라, 엔테로박터)에 대해 강화된 활성을 제공하며, 많은 그람 양성균에 대해서도 좋은 효능을 유지합니다.
- 임상적 유용성: 소동물 임상에서 1세대 세팔로스포린에 내성이 있는 감염을 치료하거나, 수술 예방을 위해 더 넓은 그람 음성균 커버리지가 필요할 때, 또는 높은 중추신경계(CNS) 농도가 요구될 때(수막 염증 시 통과 가능) 특히 유용합니다.
- 제한 사항: 메티실린 내성 포도상구균(MRSA/MRSP), 녹농균, 세라티아 또는 장구균에는 효과가 없습니다.
작용 기전
Cefuroxime is a bactericidal time-dependent antibiotic.
It binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall → inhibits the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis (peptidoglycan cross-linking) → weakens the cell wall → leads to cell lysis and death due to osmotic pressure.
Clinical Pearl: Like other beta-lactams, its efficacy depends on the amount of time the drug concentration remains above the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) at the site of infection.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Known hypersensitivity to cefuroxime or other cephalosporins
부작용
- Inappetence
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Injection site inflammation (IV use)
- Eosinophilia
- Hypersensitivity reactions (including anaphylaxis)
- Neurologic effects (hearing loss, seizures - rare)
- Pseudomembranous colitis (rare)
- Serious dermatologic reactions (TEN, Stevens-Johnson syndrome - rare)
- Hematologic effects (pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia - rare)
- Interstitial nephritis (rare)
주의
Renal Impairment: Dosage adjustment is recommended in patients with severe renal impairment, as the drug is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine.
- Laboratory Interference: May cause false-positive urine glucose determinations when using the copper reduction method (Benedict's, Fehling's, Clinitest). Tests utilizing glucose oxidase are unaffected.
- Coombs' Test: Cephalosporins have caused false-positive direct Coombs' tests in humans, particularly those with azotemia.
- Nursing Mothers: Enters maternal milk in low concentrations; potential for altering gut flora of nursing offspring.
약물 상호작용
Potential for increased risk of nephrotoxicity; monitor renal function. However, may have synergistic or additive actions against some gram-negative bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae).
Possible increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Possible increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Reduced renal excretion of cephalosporins, potentially increasing serum levels.
Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cefuroxime.
Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cefuroxime.
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity; monitor renal function.
모니터링
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of infection signs)
- Renal function in patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency
- Gastrointestinal tolerance
약동학
흡수
In humans, cefuroxime axetil is well absorbed orally and rapidly hydrolyzed in the intestinal mucosa and circulation to the parent compound. Bioavailability is 37% (fasted) to 52% (with food). Peak serum levels occur in 2-3 hours (PO) or 15 min-1 hour (IM).
분포
Widely distributed to tissues including bone, aqueous humor, and joint fluid. Therapeutic levels can be attained in the CSF if meninges are inflamed. Human plasma protein binding is 35-50%.
대사
Cefuroxime axetil is rapidly hydrolyzed in the intestinal mucosa and systemic circulation to the active parent compound (cefuroxime).
배설
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine.
과다투여
Cefuroxime has a wide margin of safety. Beagles receiving daily dosages up to 1600 mg/kg/day orally tolerated the drug well, with only minor vomiting, slight weight gain suppression, and minor hematologic changes at the highest doses.
In humans, massive overdoses have caused cerebral irritation and seizures. If severe toxicity occurs, plasma levels can be reduced via hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Treatment is largely supportive.
제품
제형
- Oral tablets (film coated)
- Oral suspension
- Powder for injection
- Premixed frozen injection
인용의약품
- Cefuroxime Axetil Oral Tablets (film coated): 125 mg, 250 mg, & 500 mg (Ceftin, generic)
- Cefuroxime Axetil Oral Suspension: 125 mg/5 mL & 250 mg/5 mL (generic)
- Cefuroxime Sodium Powder for Injection: 750 mg, 1.5 g & 7.5 g (Zinacef, generic)
- Cefuroxime Sodium Injection: 750 mg & 1.5 g premixed frozen (Zinacef)
규제 현황
Human authorized products (POM) used off-label in veterinary medicine under the cascade.
Human authorized products (POM) used off-label in veterinary medicine under the cascade.
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Tablets: Store in tight containers at room temperature (15-30°C); protect from excessive moisture. Suspension: Unreconstituted powder store at 2-30°C. Once reconstituted, refrigerate (2-8°C) and discard any unused portion after 10 days. Injection: Powder store at room temperature (15-30°C). Reconstituted solution (90 mg/mL) is stable for 24 hours at room temperature or 48 hours refrigerated. Diluted in compatible IV solutions (D5W, normal saline, Ringer's), it is stable for 24 hours at room temperature or up to 7 days refrigerated.
보호자 정보
- 음식과 함께 투여: 약물 흡수를 높이고 위장 장애를 줄이기 위해 경구용 알약을 식사와 함께 투여하십시오.
- 부수지 마십시오: 알약을 부수지 마십시오. 매우 강한 쓴맛이 나서 반려동물이 거부할 수 있습니다. 반드시 부수어야 하는 경우, 맛을 가리고 흡수를 돕기 위해 강한 맛이 나는 유제품(우유나 반려동물용 치즈 등)과 섞어 주십시오.
- 처방 기간 준수: 수의사의 지시대로 정확하게 약을 투여하십시오. 반려동물이 완전히 나은 것처럼 보이더라도, 감염 재발이나 내성 발생을 방지하기 위해 처방된 전체 기간 동안 치료를 계속하십시오.
- 부작용 관찰: 반려동물에게 심한 구토, 지속적인 설사, 발진, 가려움증 또는 안면 부종이 발생하면 수의사에게 연락하십시오.
VetSheet 의약품 참고자료는 수의사 전문가의 임상 의사결정 지원을 위한 것이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 약물 정보를 대체할 수 없습니다.