ν΄λ‘λνλμ½
κ°λ§ μ₯λ²½μ ν΅κ³Όνμ¬ μ μλ°©μΌλ‘ λ€μ΄κ° μ μλ κ΄λ²μ νμμ μ λλ€. ν¬λμκ΅¬κ· λ° μ°μμκ΅¬κ· μ ν¨κ³Όμ μ΄λ λ Ήλκ· μ λ΄μ±μ΄ μμ΅λλ€. μΈμ²΄μ λν λ μ±(μ¬μλΆλμ± λΉν) μν λλ¬Έμ μμ μκ³Όμμμ μ¬μ©μ΄ μ€μ΄λ€κ³ μμ΅λλ€. λ§μ΄μ½νλΌμ€λ§ λλ ν΄λΌλ―Έλμ κ²°λ§μΌμ΄ μμ¬λλ κ³ μμ΄ μΉλ£μ μ μ©ν©λλ€.
μμ© κΈ°μ : Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. It binds reversibly to the **50S ribosomal subunit** of susceptible organisms β prevents the binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome β inhibits peptide bond formation via **peptidyl transferase**.
λλ¬Ό μ’ λ³ μ©λ
- Established corneal infection Β· One drop or 1/4 inch strip Β· topical ophthalmic Β· up to hourly Β· Application may be very frequent for established infections.
- Ophthalmic infections Β· 1 drop (solution) or ointment Β· topical Β· q4-8h (solution); q8-12h (ointment) Β· Not specified Β· High lipid solubility makes it suitable for intraocular infections.
- Systemic infections Β· 40-50 mg/kg Β· IV/IM/SC/PO Β· q8h Β· Not specified Β· Restrict to life-threatening infections resistant to other antimicrobials.
- CNS infections Β· 10-15 mg/kg Β· PO Β· q4-6h Β· Not specified Β· Recommended in some texts for CNS penetration.
- Prophylaxis following surgery or Mycoplasma/chlamydial conjunctivitis Β· One drop (or 1/4 inch strip if using ointment) Β· topical ophthalmic Β· q6h (four times daily) Β· Up to 21 days Β· Labels state to not use longer than 7 days in cats, but three times daily application of ointment for 21 days to cats did not cause toxicity.
μ©λμ λ©΄ν μμ μ λ¬Έκ°λ₯Ό μν μμ μ°Έκ³ μλ£μ λλ€. νμ μ΅μ λΌλ²¨κ³Ό κ°λ³ νμμ λν΄ νμΈνμμμ€.
ν¬μ¬ κ²½λ‘
κΈκΈ°
- Food-producing animals
- Known hypersensitivity to chloramphenicol
μ΄μλ°μ
- Fatal aplastic anemia in humans (exposure risk)
- Local irritation (rare)
μ½λ¬Ό μνΈμμ©
- Pentobarbital Β· Irreversible inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 increases plasma levels of pentobarbital. Recovery takes up to 3 weeks. Β· major
- Phenobarbital Β· Irreversible inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 increases plasma levels of phenobarbital. Recovery takes up to 3 weeks. Β· major
- Propofol Β· Irreversible inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 increases plasma levels of propofol. Recovery takes up to 3 weeks. Β· major
- Oral hypoglycaemic agents Β· Irreversible inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 increases plasma levels of hypoglycaemics. Β· major
- Rifampin Β· Accelerates the metabolism of chloramphenicol, decreasing serum levels. Β· moderate
- Aminoglycosides Β· Chloramphenicol may inhibit the bactericidal activity of aminoglycosides. Β· moderate
- Beta-lactams Β· Chloramphenicol may inhibit the bactericidal activity of beta-lactams. Β· moderate
- Macrolides Β· May competitively inhibit macrolide antimicrobials at the 50S ribosomal subunit. Β· moderate
- Lincosamides Β· May competitively inhibit lincosamide antimicrobials at the 50S ribosomal subunit. Β· moderate
λͺ¨λν°λ§
- Resolution of clinical signs of conjunctivitis/keratitis
- Owner compliance with safety protocols (glove use)
κ³Όμ©λ
Topical ophthalmic overdose is unlikely to cause systemic toxicity in the animal, but prolonged use may disrupt normal ocular flora.
VetSheet μ½λ¬Ό λ νΌλ°μ€λ λ©΄ν μμ μ λ¬Έκ°λ₯Ό μν μμ μμ¬κ²°μ 보쑰 λꡬμ΄λ©°, μ λ¬Έμ νλ¨μ΄λ μ μ‘°μ¬μ μ΅μ λΌλ²¨μ λμ νμ§ μμ΅λλ€.