클로르테트라사이클린
Chlortetracycline
다른 이름: Aureomycin · Pennchlor · CTC · CLTC 100 MR · Ophtocycline · clortetraciclina · A-377 · NRRL2209 · SF-66 · Chlortetracycline hydrochloride
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections | 25 mg/kg PO q6-8h | PO | q6-8h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Bacterial conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, and spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs) | 0.5-2 cm of ointment to affected eye | topical | q6h | 5 days | 🌍 EU |
- Bacterial conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, and spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs): Used for immunomodulatory mechanism in SCCEDs.
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections | 25 mg/kg PO q6-8h | PO | q6-8h | — | 🌎 NA |
| To prevent recurrence of mycoplasma or chlamydial conjunctivitis in large catteries | 50 mg per day per cat | PO | q24h | 1 month | 🌎 NA |
| Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis, mycoplasmal conjunctivitis, bacterial keratitis/blepharitis | 0.5-2 cm of ointment to affected eye | topical | q6h | 5 days | 🌍 EU |
- To prevent recurrence of mycoplasma or chlamydial conjunctivitis in large catteries: Administer soluble chlortetracycline powder in food.
- Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis, mycoplasmal conjunctivitis, bacterial keratitis/blepharitis: Oral doxycycline is the treatment of choice for feline chlamydial conjunctivitis.
소형 포유류
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections (Rabbits) | 50 mg/kg PO q12-24h | PO | q12-24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Susceptible infections (Chinchillas) | 50 mg/kg PO q12h | PO | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Susceptible infections (Hamsters) | 20 mg/kg IM or SC q12h | IM/SC | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Susceptible infections (Mice) | 25 mg/kg SC or IM q12h | SC/IM | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Susceptible infections (Rats) | 6-10 mg/kg SC or IM q12h | SC/IM | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
새
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlamydiosis (Small birds) | 0.05% concentration in food | PO | Continuous | — | 🌎 NA |
| Chlamydiosis (Larger psittacines) | 1% CTC concentration in food | PO | Continuous | — | 🌎 NA |
| Susceptible infections (Ratites) | 15-20 mg/kg PO three times daily | PO | TID | — | 🌎 NA |
| Susceptible infections (Pigeons) | 50 mg/kg PO q6-8h; or 1000-1500 mg/gallon drinking water | PO | q6-8h or continuous | — | 🌎 NA |
- Susceptible infections (Pigeons): In warm weather mix fresh every 12 hours. Calcium inhibits absorption; withhold grit and layer pellets during treatment.
소
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections | 6-10 mg/kg IV or IM; 10-20 mg/kg PO | IV/IM/PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Susceptible infections: Generally administered once daily.
돼지
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections | 6-10 mg/kg IV or IM; 10-20 mg/kg PO | IV/IM/PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Susceptible infections: Generally administered once daily.
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
클로르테트라사이클린은 광범위 1세대 테트라사이클린계 항생제입니다. 옥시테트라사이클린 및 테트라사이클린과 거의 동일한 항균 스펙트럼을 공유하지만, 수의학에서는 주로 산업동물(소, 돼지, 가금류)의 사료나 식수 첨가제로 사용됩니다.
주요 임상적 특징:
- 광범위 항균력: 많은 마이코플라스마, 스피로헤타(라임병 원인균 포함), 클라미디아, 리케차에 효과적입니다.
- 내성 증가: 많은 그람 양성 및 음성 세균(예: 대장균, 클레브시엘라, 녹농균)이 내성을 보입니다.
- 특수동물 사용: 조류(특히 클라미디아증) 및 일부 소형 포유류에 자주 사용되지만, 기니피그에서는 치명적인 장독혈증을 유발하므로 절대 금기입니다.
작용 기전
Chlortetracycline is a bacteriostatic antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis.
- Primary Mechanism: Reversibly binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible organisms → blocks the binding of aminoacyl transfer-RNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex → halts peptide chain elongation.
- Secondary Mechanism: May also reversibly bind to 50S ribosomes and alter cytoplasmic membrane permeability.
- Mammalian effects: At very high concentrations, it can inhibit protein synthesis in mammalian cells, leading to antianabolic effects.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Known hypersensitivity to chlortetracycline or other tetracyclines
- Guinea pigs (causes fatal clostridial enterotoxemia)
부작용
- Gastrointestinal distress (nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea)
- Discoloration of developing teeth and bones (yellow, brown, or gray)
- Delayed bone growth and healing (at high doses)
- Hepatotoxicity
- Increased BUN (antianabolic effect)
- Ruminal microflora depression and stasis (in ruminants)
- Intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria (with rapid IV injection of propylene glycol-based products)
- Colic, fever, and hair loss (in cats)
- Severe diarrhea (in stressed horses)
- Superinfections (bacterial or fungal overgrowth)
- Photosensitivity
주의
Pregnancy Warning: Tetracyclines can retard fetal skeletal development and discolor deciduous teeth. Use only in the last half of pregnancy if benefits outweigh risks.
Organ Impairment: Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency. Lower dosages and enhanced monitoring are recommended. Avoid concurrent use of other nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic drugs.
Laboratory Interactions:
- May cause falsely elevated urine catecholamines (fluorometric methods).
- May cause false-positive urine glucose (cupric sulfate method/Benedict's reagent) or false-negative urine glucose (glucose oxidase method).
IV Administration: Rapid IV injection can induce transient collapse and cardiac arrhythmias due to intravascular calcium chelation. Pre-treatment with IV calcium gluconate may be considered if rapid injection is unavoidable.
약물 상호작용
Bacteriostatic action of tetracyclines may interfere with the bactericidal activity of penicillins and cephalosporins.
May interfere with bactericidal activity.
May increase the bioavailability of digoxin in a small percentage of patients, potentially leading to toxicity.
Chelation occurs, significantly decreasing the oral absorption of the tetracycline. Separate administration by at least 1-2 hours.
May depress plasma prothrombin activity; anticoagulant dosage may need adjustment.
모니터링
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of infection)
- Gastrointestinal signs (vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia)
- Renal function (BUN, creatinine) and hepatic function, especially with prolonged use or in compromised patients
- Fluid and electrolyte status if severe GI distress occurs
과다투여
Tetracyclines are generally well tolerated after acute overdoses.
- Oral Overdose: Most likely associated with gastrointestinal disturbances (vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea). If severe emesis or diarrhea develops, monitor and replace fluids and electrolytes.
- Chronic Overdose: May lead to drug accumulation and nephrotoxicity.
- Ruminants: High oral doses can cause ruminal microflora depression and ruminoreticular stasis.
- Intravenous Overdose: Rapid IV injection of undiluted propylene glycol-based products can cause intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria. Rapid IV injection can also induce transient collapse and cardiac arrhythmias due to chelation with intravascular calcium ions.
제품
제형
- Feed additive
- Water mix preparation
- Soluble powder
동물용의약품
- CTC®
- CLTC® 100 MR
- Aureomycin Sulmet® (with sulfamethazine)
- Aureo S 700® (with sulfamethazine)
- Aureomix 500® (with sulfamethazine and penicillin)
- Pennclor SP 250 & 500® (with sulfamethazine and penicillin)
- Aureozol 500® (with sulfathiazole and penicillin)
규제 현황
Authorized for treatment of keratitis, conjunctivitis and blepharitis caused by susceptible bacteria.
POM-V classification
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Store in tight containers and protect from light.
보호자 정보
- 투여 방법: 경구 투여 시 유제품, 제산제 또는 철분 보충제와 함께 먹이지 마십시오. 이러한 물질이 약물과 결합하여 약효를 떨어뜨릴 수 있습니다. 최소 1~2시간의 간격을 두십시오.
- 부작용: 위장 장애, 구토 또는 설사를 유발할 수 있습니다. 이러한 증상이 심해지면 수의사에게 연락하십시오.
- 어린 동물: 성장 중인 어린 동물이나 임신 중인 암컷에게 투여할 경우 치아가 영구적으로 노랗거나 갈색으로 변색될 수 있습니다.
- 햇빛: 반려동물의 피부가 햇빛에 더 민감해질 수 있습니다(광과민성). 치료 기간 동안 장시간의 햇빛 노출을 피하십시오.
- 조류: 식수를 통해 조류를 치료하는 경우, 따뜻한 날씨에는 12시간마다 신선한 물로 교체하십시오. 칼슘이 약물 흡수를 방해하므로 치료 중에는 모래(그릿)와 산란용 사료를 치워주십시오.
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