클록사실린

항생제 - 항포도상구균 페니실린Highly Important

클록사실린은 **협소 스펙트럼, 페니실리나아제 저항성 페니실린**입니다. 주로 페니실리나아제를 생성하는 그람 양성 구균, 특히 **포도상구균**에 대항하여 사용됩니다. 미국에서는 현재 젖소의 유방염 치료를 위한 유방 내 주입제로만 제공되며 경구용 제제는 더 이상 시판되지 않습니다.

작용 기전: Cloxacillin is a bactericidal beta-lactam antibiotic. Binds to **Penicillin-Binding Proteins (PBPs)** → inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking → disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis → cell lysis and death. **Mechanistic Pearl:** The bulky isoxazolyl side chain sterically hinders staphylococcal **beta-lactamases**, preventing the enzymatic hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring that normally inactivates natural penicillins.

동물 종별 용량

Cats

Susceptible infections · 20-40 mg/kg PO or IM q6-8h · PO/IM · q6-8h
Staph. pyoderma, diskospondylitis, osteoarthritis or skin infections · 10-15 mg/kg PO q6h for 14-84 days · PO · q6h · 14-84 days
Systemic infections, bacteremia · 10-40 mg/kg PO q6-8h for 7-14 days · PO · q6-8h · 7-14 days
Ocular infections · Apply 1/10 of a tube (0.3 g) · topical · q24h · Specifically for beta-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus

Cattle

Mastitis (treatment or prophylaxis) caused by susceptible organisms - Lactating cow · After milking out and disinfecting teat, instill contents of syringe; massage. · Intramammary · q12h · 3 total doses · Using lactating cow formula (Dari-Clox)
Mastitis (treatment or prophylaxis) caused by susceptible organisms - Dry (non-lactating) cows · After last milking (or early in the dry period), instill contents of syringe and massage into each quarter. · Intramammary · Once · Using dry cow formula (benzathine)

Dogs

Susceptible infections · 20-40 mg/kg PO q8h · PO · q8h · Oral dosage forms are no longer available commercially in the USA
Staph. pyoderma, diskospondylitis, osteoarthritis or skin infections · 10-15 mg/kg PO q6h for 14-84 days · PO · q6h · 14-84 days
Systemic infections, bacteremia · 10-40 mg/kg PO q6-8h for 7-14 days · PO · q6-8h · 7-14 days
Ocular infections · Apply 1/10 of a tube (0.3 g) · topical · q24h · Specifically for beta-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

Intramammary (IMM)POIMTopical (Ophthalmic)

금기

Known hypersensitivity to penicillins
Known hypersensitivity to penicillins or cephalosporins

이상반응

Hypersensitivity reactions (rashes, fever, anaphylaxis)
Eosinophilia
Neutropenia
Agranulocytosis
Thrombocytopenia
Leukopenia
Anemias
Lymphadenopathy
Hypersensitivity reactions
Local irritation (ophthalmic)

모니터링

Clinical efficacy (resolution of infection/mastitis)
Signs of hypersensitivity or toxicity
Resolution of clinical signs of ocular infection
Signs of local irritation or hypersensitivity

과용량

Overdosage of intramammary infusions is unlikely to pose much systemic risk to the patient. > **Note:** Excessive dosing may prolong required withdrawal times for milk and meat in food-producing animals.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.