시타라빈

항종양제

시타라빈(흔히 **Ara-C**로 불림)은 주로 개와 고양이의 림프망내계 종양, 골수증식성 질환(백혈병) 및 중추신경계 림프종 치료에 사용되는 합성 피리미딘 뉴클레오시드 대사길항제입니다. > **임상 요점:** 전통적인 종양학 외에도 시타라빈은 수의 신경학에서 개의 **원인 불명의 수막뇌염(MUE)** 및 육아종성 수막뇌염(GME)에 대한 핵심 면역억제 요법으로 널리 사용됩니다. 지속적 정맥 주입(CRI) 또는 고용량 피하 주사 프로토콜로 투여할 때 혈액뇌장벽을 통과할 수 있어 중추신경계 염증성 질환에 매우 효과적입니다.

작용 기전: Cytarabine is a cell-cycle phase-specific antimetabolite that acts principally during the **S-phase** (active DNA synthesis). * **Intracellular Conversion:** Cytarabine enters the cell and is phosphorylated into its active form, **cytarabine triphosphate**. * **Enzyme Inhibition:** This active metabolite competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate → incorporates into DNA → potently inhibits **DNA polymerase**. * **Result:** Inhibition of DNA synthesis and repair, leading to cell death in rapidly dividing cells. Under certain conditions, it may also block cells from transitioning from the G1 phase to the S phase.

동물 종별 용량

Cats

Susceptible neoplastic diseases · 100 mg/m2 · IV/SC · continuous infusion over 2-3 days or divided and given IV or SC for 2-4 days · 2-4 days · Dosed in mg/m2 (NOT mg/kg). Cats are generally dosed similarly to dogs.

Horses

Neoplastic diseases · 200-300 mg/m2 (usually 1-1.5 grams per horse per dose) · SC/IM/IV · every 1-2 weeks · Consultation with a veterinary oncologist is encouraged before use.

Dogs

Susceptible neoplastic diseases · 100 mg/m2 · IV/SC · continuous infusion over 2-3 days or divided and given IV or SC for 2-4 days · 2-4 days · Dosed in mg/m2 (NOT mg/kg). Use only as a general guide.

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

IVSCIM

금기

Hypersensitivity to cytarabine
Pregnancy (potentially teratogenic and embryotoxic)

이상반응

Myelosuppression (leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia)
Anorexia
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Conjunctivitis
Oral ulceration
Neurotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity
Fever
Anaphylaxis (rare)

약물 상호작용

Digoxin · Cytarabine may decrease the amount of digoxin (tablets only) absorbed after oral dosing due to intestinal mucosa alterations; effect may persist for several days after cytarabine discontinuation.
Flucytosine (5-FC) · Cytarabine may antagonize the anti-infective activity of flucytosine; monitor for decreased efficacy.
Gentamicin · Cytarabine may antagonize the anti-infective activity of gentamicin; monitor for decreased efficacy.

모니터링

Efficacy (tumor response or resolution of neurologic signs)
Hemograms (mandatory; monitor for myelosuppression, nadir typically at 5-7 days)
Liver function tests (periodic)
Kidney function tests (periodic)

과용량

Efficacy and toxicity are dependent on both the dose and the rate of administration. In dogs, the IV LD50 is 384 mg/kg when given over 12 hours, but drops to 48 mg/kg when infused IV over 120 hours. In the event of an inadvertent overdose, aggressive supportive therapy should be instituted.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.