데스플루란
Desflurane
(±)-2-Difluoromethyl 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether
다른 이름: Suprane · I-653 · desfluraani · desflurano · desfluranum
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General Anesthesia (Clinically useful concentrations) | Induction = 8-15%; Maintenance = 5-9% | Inhalation | Continuous | As needed | 🌎 NA |
| General Anesthesia (Emergency patients) | 6% | Inhalation | Continuous | As needed | 🌎 NA |
| General Anesthesia (Following IV induction) | start with a vaporiser setting of about 8% (around MAC in most animals), increasing the concentration as required. | Inhalation | Continuous | As needed | 🌎 NA |
- General Anesthesia (Emergency patients): Approximate MAC for emergency patients
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General Anesthesia (Clinically useful concentrations) | Induction = 8-15%; Maintenance = 5-9% | Inhalation | Continuous | As needed | 🌎 NA |
| General Anesthesia (Emergency patients) | 6% | Inhalation | Continuous | As needed | 🌎 NA |
| General Anesthesia (Following IV induction) | start with a vaporiser setting of about 8% (around MAC in most animals), increasing the concentration as required. | Inhalation | Continuous | As needed | 🌎 NA |
- General Anesthesia (Emergency patients): Approximate MAC for emergency patients
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
데스플루란은 할로겐화 휘발성 흡입 마취제로, 이소플루란과 매우 유사한 화학 구조를 가지고 있습니다. 가장 큰 임상적 장점은 매우 빠른 마취 유도 및 회복입니다. 끓는점이 실온과 비슷하여 전용 가열 및 가압 기화기가 필요합니다. 자극적인 냄새가 있어 마스크 유도에는 적합하지 않습니다.
작용 기전
While the exact mechanism of inhalant anesthetics remains incompletely understood, desflurane is believed to produce general anesthesia by interacting with the lipid matrix of neuronal membranes and modulating multiple ligand-gated ion channels in the central nervous system.
Mechanistic Pathways:
- GABA_A and Glycine Receptors: Potentiates inhibitory neurotransmission → CNS depression.
- NMDA Receptors: Inhibits excitatory glutamatergic transmission.
Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) in Oxygen:
- Dogs: 7%
- Cats: 9.8%
- Horses: 7.23%
- Rabbits: 8.9%
- Alpacas/Llamas: 7.8-8.0%
Note: Desflurane causes dose-dependent cardiovascular (hypotension) and respiratory depression, but does not sensitize the myocardium to catecholamine-induced arrhythmias.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Hypersensitivity to desflurane or other halogenated anesthetic agents
- History of or predilection towards malignant hyperthermia
부작용
- Hypotension (dose-dependent)
- Respiratory depression (dose-dependent)
- Respiratory irritation and salivation (especially with mask induction)
- Sympathetic stimulation (tachycardia/hypertension) with rapid increases in concentration
- Malignant hyperthermia (in susceptible individuals, though incidence may be lower than other halogenated agents)
- Transient increases in glucose and white blood cell count
주의
Rapid Recovery Warning: Because recovery is exceptionally fast, patients may wake up in pain if perioperative analgesics are not administered proactively. Ensure appropriate analgesia and sedation are on board before discontinuing the gas, particularly in large animals.
- Induction: Due to its rapid action, use caution not to overdose during the induction phase.
- Neurologic Patients: Use with caution (weigh benefits vs. risks) in patients with increased CSF pressure or head injury.
- Compromised Patients: Geriatric or critically ill animals typically require lower concentrations of inhalation anesthetics.
- Occupational Safety: NIOSH recommends workers should not be exposed to ceiling concentrations > 2 ppm over a 1-hour sampling period.
약물 상호작용
Concomitant use may increase risks for severe hypotension.
Additive neuromuscular blockade may occur.
May induce increased incidences of cardiac effects (bradycardia, arrhythmias, sinus arrest, apnea) and trigger malignant hyperthermia in susceptible patients.
모니터링
- Respiratory rate, rhythm, and ventilatory status (capnography)
- Cardiac rate and rhythm (ECG)
- Arterial blood pressure
- Level of anesthetic depth (jaw tone, palpebral reflex)
- Body temperature
- Neuromuscular function
약동학
흡수
Onset of action is very rapid after inhalation; often described as a 'one breath' induction.
분포
At body temperature (37°C), blood/gas coefficient is 0.47 (predicts rapid recovery), oil/gas coefficient is 19 (indicates potency), and brain/blood coefficient is 1.3.
대사
Highly resistant to biodegradation; very little is eliminated via hepatic routes (only 0.02% recovered as metabolites).
배설
Primarily eliminated unchanged via exhalation.
과다투여
In the event of an overdosage, immediately discontinue desflurane. Maintain a patent airway and provide positive pressure ventilation with 100% oxygen. Support cardiovascular function with intravenous fluids and sympathomimetics as necessary.
제품
제형
- Inhalation solution (liquid for vaporization)
인용의약품
- Desflurane Solution for Inhalation Anesthesia in 240 mL bottles (Suprane)
규제 현황
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Store in original container at 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F). Secure cap tightly after use and protect from light. Before opening, the contents of the bottle should be cooled to below 10°C (48°F). Relatively stable in soda lime at room temperature, but can produce carbon monoxide and formaldehyde. At 80°C, rate of degradation per hour is 0.44%.
보호자 정보
데스플루란은 수의학 수술에 사용되는 흡입 마취 가스입니다. 주요 장점은 반려동물이 수술 후 매우 빨리 깨어난다는 것입니다. 회복이 매우 빠르기 때문에, 수의사는 반려동물이 편안하게 깨어날 수 있도록 마취를 끄기 전에 충분한 진통제를 투여할 것입니다.
VetSheet 의약품 참고자료는 수의사 전문가의 임상 의사결정 지원을 위한 것이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 약물 정보를 대체할 수 없습니다.