덱사메타손

투여 경로

금기

• Systemic fungal infections
• Active viral infections
• Corneal ulcers (especially for ophthalmic preparations)
• Concurrent use of NSAIDs
• Known hypersensitivity to the drug

이상반응

• Polyuria (PU) and Polydipsia (PD)
• Polyphagia (increased appetite)
• Panting (especially in dogs)
• Gastrointestinal ulceration or bleeding
• Iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's syndrome) with chronic use
• Secondary infections due to immunosuppression
• Delayed wound healing
• Muscle wasting and weakness

약물 상호작용

• NSAIDs (e.g., carprofen, meloxicam) · Significantly increased risk of severe gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
• Insulin · Dexamethasone induces insulin resistance, antagonizing the hypoglycemic effect of insulin and increasing requirements in diabetic patients.
• Phenobarbital · May induce hepatic enzymes, increasing the metabolism and clearance of dexamethasone.
• Diuretics (potassium-depleting) · Increased risk of hypokalemia.

모니터링

• Clinical signs of disease resolution
• Water intake and urination (PU/PD)
• Appetite and body weight
• Blood glucose levels (especially in predisposed patients)
• Signs of gastrointestinal bleeding (melena, hematemesis)
• ACTH stimulation test (if assessing HPA axis suppression)

과용량

Acute overdose is rarely life-threatening but may cause significant gastrointestinal upset, profound PU/PD, and panting. Chronic overdosage leads to **iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's syndrome)**, characterized by alopecia, pot-bellied appearance, muscle wasting, and immunosuppression. Treatment is supportive and requires gradual tapering of the drug.