덱스트란 70

혈장 증량제 / 합성 콜로이드

**덱스트란 70(Dextran 70)**은 주로 **저혈량성 쇼크**의 보조 치료제로 사용되는 고분자량 합성 콜로이드입니다. * **임상적 역할:** 비교적 저렴한 혈장 증량제로 사용됩니다. 현대 수의학에서는 **헤타스타치(Hetastarch)**가 더 흔히 사용되지만, 덱스트란 70은 여전히 신속한 혈관 내 용적 확장을 위한 유효한 선택지입니다. * **성분:** 평균 분자량 70,000 달톤의 분지형 다당류입니다. * **임상 요점:** 분자 크기가 커서 정질액(생리식염수 등)보다 혈관 내에 더 오래 머물기 때문에 두부 외상, 폐 좌상 또는 폐쇄강 출혈이 있는 중증 환자의 소량 소생술에 매우 효과적입니다.

작용 기전: **Dextran 70** exerts its effects through oncotic pull: * Acts as an artificial colloid → increases intravascular **colloid osmotic pressure (COP)**. * The high COP → draws fluid from the interstitial spaces into the vascular system. * This fluid shift → rapidly increases circulating blood volume → improves venous return, cardiac output, and systemic perfusion. * *Note:* Dextran 70 has a colloid osmotic pressure of 62 mmHg, which is significantly higher than normal canine plasma (approx. 20 mmHg).

동물 종별 용량

Cats

Small volume resuscitation (hypovolemic shock, head injury, pulmonary contusions, oliguric renal failure) · 2-5 mL/kg over 1-5 minutes (after initial isotonic crystalloids 5-10 mL/kg). Repeat as needed until end-point of resuscitation is reached. · IV · As needed · Acute resuscitation · Reassess perfusion parameters between boluses.
Volume expansion / Augment colloid oncotic pressure · 10 mL/kg/day; when acute resuscitation is required. May be given as a slow bolus over 30 minutes to an hour. May also be given as a constant rate infusion. · IV · q24h or CRI · As needed · Reduces the volume of crystalloids infused, thereby reducing hemodilution.

Cattle

Dehydration secondary to diarrhea (Calves) · 4-5 mL/kg over 4-5 minutes of a 6% dextran 70 in 7.2% NaCl solution. Follow immediately by oral administration of isotonic electrolyte solution. · IV · Once · One time only · To prepare: add 31.6 g NaCl to 60 mL syringe, draw 60 mL of 6% dextran 70 in 0.9% NaCl, dissolve, and filter through 0.22 micron filter. Give ONE TIME ONLY to avoid hypernatremia.

Dogs

Small volume resuscitation (hypovolemic shock, head injury, pulmonary contusions, oliguric renal failure) · 5 mL/kg over 1-5 minutes (after initial isotonic crystalloids 10-15 mL/kg). Repeat as needed until end-point of resuscitation is reached. · IV · As needed · Acute resuscitation · Reassess perfusion parameters between boluses.
Volume expansion / Augment colloid oncotic pressure · 20 mL/kg/day; when acute resuscitation is required, may be given as a slow bolus over 30 minutes to an hour. May also be given as a constant rate infusion. · IV · q24h or CRI · As needed · Reduces the volume of crystalloids infused, thereby reducing hemodilution.

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

금기

Preexisting severe coagulopathies
Severe heart failure (due to risk of circulatory overload)
Severe renal failure (oliguric/anuric, unless closely monitored)
Intramuscular (IM) administration

이상반응

Increased bleeding times (decreased von Willebrand's factor and factor VIII activity)
Anaphylactoid reactions (rare in dogs, but higher incidence than hetastarch)
Acute renal failure (rare)
Volume overload / circulatory overload
Gastrointestinal effects (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain - reported in humans)

모니터링

Perfusion parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, capillary refill time, mucous membrane color)
Signs of fluid/circulatory overload (respiratory rate/effort, lung sounds)
Coagulation status / bleeding times (if prolonged use or high doses)
Renal function and urine output

과용량

**Volume Overload:** Overdosage primarily results in circulatory/fluid overload. The drug must be dosed and monitored carefully. Treatment is supportive, potentially requiring diuretics (e.g., furosemide) if severe pulmonary edema or volume overload occurs.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.