디플록사신

동물 종별 용량

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

금기

• Hypersensitivity to difloxacin or other quinolones
• Immature dogs during the rapid growth phase (2-8 months in small/medium breeds; up to 18 months in large/giant breeds)
• Cats (relative contraindication due to nausea/vomiting and unknown ophthalmic/retinal safety)
• Food-producing animals (extra-label use prohibited by federal law)

이상반응

• Anorexia
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Cartilage abnormalities (arthropathies) in growing animals
• CNS stimulation or seizures (rare)
• Facial erythema and edema (at high doses)
• Weight loss (at high doses)

약물 상호작용

• Antacids (Mg++, Al+++, Ca++) · May bind to difloxacin and prevent its absorption; separate doses by at least 2 hours.
• Dairy Products · Calcium content may decrease absorption; separate doses by at least 2 hours.
• Aminoglycosides, 3rd-gen Cephalosporins, Extended-spectrum Penicillins · Unpredictable synergism may occur against some bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
• Cyclosporine · May exacerbate nephrotoxicity and reduce the metabolism of systemic cyclosporine.
• Glyburide · Severe hypoglycemia is possible.
• Iron and Zinc supplements · Decreased difloxacin absorption; separate doses by at least 2 hours.
• Methotrexate · Increased methotrexate levels possible, resulting in toxicity.
• Nitrofurantoin · May antagonize the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones; concomitant use is not recommended.
• Phenytoin · Difloxacin may alter phenytoin blood levels.
• Probenecid · May block tubular secretion and increase the blood level and half-life of difloxacin.
• Sucralfate · May inhibit absorption of difloxacin; separate doses by at least 2 hours.
• Theophylline · Difloxacin may increase theophylline blood levels, potentially leading to toxicity.

모니터링

• Clinical efficacy (resolution of infection)
• Gastrointestinal signs (appetite, vomiting, diarrhea)
• CNS signs (especially in patients with a history of seizures)

과용량

In dogs, doses up to 2.5X the maximum recommended dose (25 mg/kg) for 30 days did not cause overly significant adverse effects. Observed signs included facial erythema/edema, diarrhea, decreased appetite, and weight loss. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic.